Sinonasal angiosarcoma

AbstractIntroductionAngiosarcoma is a malignant tumour arising from endothelial cells that accounts for 1% of all sarcomas. The sinonasal site of angiosarcoma is exceptional.Case reportThe authors report a case of sinonasal angiosarcoma in a 53-year-old man. Despite wide resection by open surgery and postoperative chemoradiotherapy, several tumour recurrences were observed, requiring multiple operations.DiscussionOnly histological examination with immunohistochemistry is able to confirm the diagnosis (factor VIII, CD34 and CD31 antigens). Standard treatment consists of surgery with wide resection followed by radiotherapy. The authors discuss the treatment modalities and prognosis of this tumour

Live attenuated African swine fever viruses as ideal tools to dissect the mechanisms involved in viral pathogenesis and immune protection

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the causal agent of African swine fever, a hemorrhagic and often lethal porcine disease causing enormous economical losses in affected countries. Endemic for decades in most of the sub-Saharan countries and Sardinia, the risk of ASFV-endemicity in Europe has increased since its last introduction into Europe in 2007. Live attenuated viruses have been demonstrated to induce very efficient protective immune responses, albeit most of the time protection was circumscribed to homologous ASFV challenges. However, their use in the field is still far from a reality, mainly due to safety concerns. In this study we compared the course of the in vivo infection caused by two homologous ASFV strains: the virulent E75 and the cell cultured adapted strain E75CV1, obtained from adapting E75 to grow in the CV1 cell-line. Interestingly, the kinetics of both viruses not only differed on the clinical signs that they caused and in the virus loads found, but also in the immunological pathways activated throughout the infections. Furthermore, E75CV1 confirmed its protective potential against the homologous E75 virus challenge and allowed the demonstration of poor cross-protection against BA71, thus defining it as heterologous. The in vitro specificity of the CD8 + T-cells present at the time of lethal challenge showed a clear activation against the homologous virus (E75) but not against BA71. These findings will be of utility for a better understanding of ASFV pathogenesis and for the rational designing of safe and efficient vaccines against this virus.This work has been funded by the Spanish Government (project reference numbers AGL201022229 and AGL201348998C21R). Anna Lacasta and Paula López-Monteagudo were financially supported by an FPU fellowship and an FPI fellowship, respectively, both from the Spanish Government