273 research outputs found
Synchrotron X-ray diffraction study of a charge stripe order in 1/8-doped LaBaSrCuO
Lattice distortions associated with charge stripe order in 1/8 hole-doped
LaBaSrCuO are studied using synchrotron X-ray
diffraction for and . The propagation wave vector and charge
order correlation lengths are determined with a high accuracy, revealing that
the oblique charge stripes in orthorhombic crystal are more
disordered than the aligned stripes in tetragonal crystal. The twofold
periodicity of lattice modulations along the c-axis is explained by long-range
Coulomb interactions between holes on neighboring CuO planes.Comment: 4pages, 4figures, Submitted to PR
Competition between charge/spin-density-wave orders and superconductivity in LaBaSrCuO
We have performed a series of elastic neutron scattering measurements on
1/8-hole doped LaBaSrCuO single crystals with
{\it x} = 0.05, 0.06, 0.075 and 0.085. % Both charge-density-wave (CDW) and
spin-density-wave (SDW) orders are found to develop simultaneously below the
structural transition temperature between the low-temperature orthorhombic
(LTO) and low-temperature tetragonal (LTT) or low-temperature less-orthorhombic
(LTLO) phases. % In the ground state the CDW order is observed only in the
LTT/LTLO phase and drastically degrades towards the LTO boundary. The {\it
x}-dependence of {\it T} strongly suggests a direct effect of the CDW
order on the suppression of superconductivity. % Results are discussed in
comparison with those from the LaNdSrCuO system
within the framework of the stripe model.Comment: 4 pages, 5figure
Static and dynamic spin correlations in the spin-glass phase of slightly-doped La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4
Neutron scattering experiments reveal that a diagonal spin modulation, which
is a one-dimensional modulation rotated away by 45 from that in the
superconducting phase, occurs universally across the insulating spin-glass
phase in LaSrCuO (0.020.055). This establishes an
intimate relation between the magnetism and the transport properties in the
high-temperature copper oxide superconductors. Furthermore, it is found that
the charge density per unit length estimated using a charge stripe model is
almost constant throughout the phase diagram, even when the modulation rotates
away by 45 at the superconducting boundary. However, at the lowest
values for the density changes approaching 1 hole/Cu as in
LaSrNiO. Magnetic excitation spectra suggest that magnetic
correlations change from incommensurate to commensurate at 7 meV
and 70 K, indicating a characteristic energy for the incommensurate
structure of 6-7 meV.Comment: 7 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Low-frequency incommensurate magnetic response in strongly correlated systems
It is shown that in the t-J model of Cu-O planes at low frequencies the
dynamic spin structure factor is peaked at incommensurate wave vectors
(1/2+-delta,1/2)$, (1/2,1/2+-delta). The incommensurability is connected with
the momentum dependencies of the magnon frequency and damping near the
antiferromagnetic wave vector. The behavior of the incommensurate peaks is
similar to that observed in La_{2-x}(Ba,Sr)_xCuO_{4+y} and YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-y}:
for hole concentrations 0.02<x<=0.12 we find that delta is nearly proportional
to x, while for x>0.12 it tends to saturation. The incommensurability
disappears with increasing temperature. Generally the incommensurate magnetic
response is not accompanied by an inhomogeneity of the carrier density.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Direct evidence for charge stripes in a layered cobalt oxide
Recent experiments indicate that static stripe-like charge order is generic to the hole-doped copper oxide superconductors and competes with superconductivity. Here we show that a similar type of charge order is present in La5/3 Sr1/3 CoO4 , an insulating analogue of the copper oxide superconductors containing cobalt in place of copper. The stripe phase we have detected is accompanied by short-range, quasi-one-dimensional, antiferromagnetic order, and provides a natural explanation for the distinctive hour- glass shape of the magnetic spectrum previously observed in neutron scattering mea- surements of La2−xSrx CoO4 and many hole-doped copper oxide superconductors. The results establish a solid empirical basis for theories of the hourglass spectrum built on short-range, quasi-static, stripe correlations
Bond-Stretching-Phonon Anomalies in Stripe-Ordered La(1.69)Sr(0.31)NiO(4)
We report a neutron scattering study of bond-stretching phonons in
La(1.69)Sr(0.31)NiO(4), a doped antiferromagnet in which the added holes order
in diagonal stripes at 45 deg to the Ni-O bonds. For the highest-energy
longitudinal optical mode along the bonds, a softening of 20% is observed
between the Brillouin zone center and zone boundary. At 45 deg to the bonds, a
splitting of the same magnitude is found across much of the zone. Surprisingly,
the charge-ordering wave vector plays no apparent role in the anomalous
dispersions. The implications for related anomalies in the cuprates are
discussed.Comment: 4 two-col pages, including 4 figures (2 in color); references added
and updated Final version, accepted for publication in PR
Electronic Structure of Stripes in Two-Dimensional Hubbard Model
Focusing on La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_{4}, we study the stripe structure by the
self-consistent mean-field theory of the Hubbard model. By introducing the
realistic Fermi surface topology, the SDW-gapped insulator is changed to
metallic. The solitonic features of the stripe structure and the contribution
of the mid-gap states are presented. We consider the band dispersion, the local
density of states, the spectral weight, and the optical conductivity,
associated with the solitonic structure. These results may provide important
information for the experimental research of the stripe structure, such as the
angle-resolved photoemission experiments. The ``Fermi surface'' shape is
changed depending on the ratio of the incommensurability delta and the hole
density n_h. In real space, only the stripe region is metallic when delta/n_h
is large.Comment: LaTeX 12 pages (using jpsj macros) with 16 figure
Direct Observation of a One Dimensional Static Spin Modulation in Insulating La1.95Sr0.05CuO4
We report the results of an extensive elastic neutron scattering study of the
incommensurate (IC) static spin correlations in La1.95Sr0.05CuO4 which is an
insulating spin glass at low temperatures. The present neutron scattering
experiments on the same x=0.05 crystal employ a narrower instrumental
Q-resolution and thereby have revealed that the crystal has only two
orthorhombic twins at low temperatures with relative populations of 2:1. We
find that, in a single twin, only two satellites are observed at (1, +/-0.064,
L)(ortho) and (0, 1+/-0.064, L)(ortho), that is, the modulation vector is only
along the orthorhombic b*-axis. This demonstrates unambiguously that
La1.95Sr0.05CuO4 has a one-dimensional static diagonal spin modulation at low
temperatures, consistent with certain stripe models. We have also reexamined
the x=0.04 crystal that previously was reported to show a single commensurate
peak. By mounting the sample in the (H, K, 0) zone, we have discovered that the
x=0.04 sample in fact has the same IC structure as the sample. The
incommensurability parameter d for x=0.04 and 0.05, where d is the distance
from (1/2, 1/2) in tetragonal reciprocal lattice units, follows the linear
relation d=x. These results demonstrate that the insulator to superconductor
transition in the under doped regime (0.05 </= x </= 0.06) in La2-xSrxCuO4 is
coincident with a transition from diagonal to collinear static stripes at low
temperatures thereby evincing the intimate coupling between the one dimensional
spin density modulation and the superconductivity.Comment: 9 pages 8 figure
Stripes and Superconductivity in Cuprates
Holes doped into the CuO2 planes of cuprate parent compounds frustrate the
antiferromagnetic order. The development of spin and charge stripes provides a
compromise between the competing magnetic and kinetic energies. Static stripe
order has been observed only in certain particular compounds, but there are
signatures which suggest that dynamic stripe correlations are common in the
cuprates. Though stripe order is bad for superconducting phase coherence,
stripes are compatible with strong pairing. Ironically, magnetic-field-induced
stripe order appears to enhance the stability of superconducting order within
the planes.Comment: 6 pages, submitted to proceedings of ECRYS-201
Protic plastic crystal/PVDF composite membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells under non-humidified conditions
Composite membranes based on the protic plastic crystal N,N-dimethylethylenediammonium triflate [DMEDAH][TFO] and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanofibers have been developed for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) under non-humidified conditions. The effect of addition of 5 mol% triflic acid or 5 mol% of the base N,N-dimethylethylenediamine on the thermal and transport properties of the material is discussed. The acid-doped plastic crystal reports more than double the ionic conductivity of the pure plastic crystal. The effects of doping the plastic crystal and the composites, with acid or base, on the ionic conductivity and fuel cell performance are reported. Composite membranes based on PVDF nanofibers and [DMEDAH][TFO] were tested in a single PEMFC. The results show the potential of these composite membranes to be used as electrolytes in this electrochemical application without external humidification.The authors acknowledge funding from the Australian Research Council (ARC) through its Centre of Excellence program, through the Australian Laureate Fellowship scheme for D.R.M and M.F, and Discovery Project DP140101535. In addition, M.D., A.O. and I.O acknowledge Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for the project CTQ2015-66078-R (MINECO/FEDER, UE). M. D. is grateful to the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport for the FPU2012-3721
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