Artificial Neural Networks to reconstruct incomplete satellite data: application to the Mediterranean Sea Surface Temperature

Satellite data can be very useful in applications where extensive spatial information is needed, but sometimes missing data due to presence of clouds can affect data quality. In this study a methodology for pre-processing sea surface temperature (SST) data is proposed. The methodology, that processes measures in the visible wavelength, is based on an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) system. The effectiveness of the procedure has been also evaluated comparing results obtained using an interpolation method. After the methodology has been identified, a validation is performed on 3 different episodes representative of SST variability in the Mediterranean sea. The proposed technique can process SST NOAA/AVHRR data to simulate severe storm episodes by means of prognostic meteorological models

Editorial: Protein Degradation Pathways in Parkinson's Disease and Neurodegeneration

status: publishe

Pengaruh Tekanan Eksternal, Ketidakpastian Lingkungan, Komitmen Manajemen, Dan Aksesibilitas Laporan Keuangan Terhadap Penerapan Transparansi Pelaporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah (Studi Pada Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah Kabupaten Kampar)

This research aims to analyze the influence of external pressure, environment uncertainty, management commitment, and accessibility of financial statements on implementation of tranparency of financial report in Kampar regency. This research was carried out on financial management of each SKPD in Kampar regency. Samples obtained were amount to 104 person with purposive sampling manner. The data of this research using primary data direcly through a questionnaire then and the data analysis user multiple linear regression by SPSS 20. The research indicates that: external pressure has significant effect on the implementation financial report transparency, where the significant value are 0,0260,05. Management commitment has significant effect on the implementation financial report transparency, where the significant value are 0,027<0,05. Accessibility of financial statements has significant effect on the implementation financial report transparency, where the significant value are 0,025<0,05

The cost of inaction in air pollution abatement policies

Two alternative air quality policies are compared: one is the application of only mandatory abatement measures from 2020 to 2030. The second is the definition of a more active and locally-based policy that will lead to a better air quality at the end of the decade. Using an integrated modelling system, we demonstrate that the active policy is quite more convenient from the economic viewpoint, at least for the specific situation of the Lombardy region, considered in the study. Improving particulate matter concentrations may however produce worse ozone values. A full view of all pollutants is thus necessary when planning for air quality at regional level.Copyright (c) 2022 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

The cost of inaction in air pollution abatement policies

Two alternative air quality policies are compared: one is the application of only mandatory abatement measures from 2020 to 2030. The second is the definition of a more active and locally-based policy that will lead to a better air quality at the end of the decade. Using an integrated modelling system, we demonstrate that the active policy is quite more convenient from the economic viewpoint, at least for the specific situation of the Lombardy region, considered in the study. Improving particulate matter concentrations may however produce worse ozone values. A full view of all pollutants is thus necessary when planning for air quality at regional level.Copyright (c) 2022 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Past, present and future of the fish community of Lake Orta (Italy), one of the world\u27s largest acidified lakes

Since 1926, the fishes in Lake Orta, one of Italy\u27s deepest natural lakes, were heavily damaged by profundal hypoxia and acidification linked to oxidation of ammonia from industrial effluents and by industrial metal pollution. Of the original 28 fish species, only perch survived the lake\u27s contamination. Recently, the water quality of the lake has been largely restored by reductions in pollutant inputs, and a massive liming intervention. These interventions restored fish habitat, but it is unclear whether the recent fish reintroductions were successful, and the present status of the fish community is unknown. Here we reviewed the history of the Lake Orta fish assemblage. Using an extensive 2014 sampling campaign, we compared the present fish community to both its pre-pollution composition and to the assemblages of nearby un-polluted, but otherwise similar lakes, Lake Mergozzo and Lake Maggiore. While nearshore fish density now appears normal in lake Orta, the open water community remains impoverished both in numbers and in species. Epilimnetic and hypolimnetic benthic nets were dominated by perch and roach in all the three lakes, but the catch of pelagic nets differed among lakes. Perch (Perca fluviatilis), rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) dominated in Lake Orta while shad (Alosa fallax lacustris) and coregonids (Coregonus spp.) were dominant in the open waters of the other two lakes, but missing from Lake Orta. Many fully or partially migratory species, including marble trout (Salmo trutta marmoratus), eel (Anguilla Anguilla) and barbel (Barbus plebejus) were also missing from Lake Orta, a consequence of their initial extirpation and blocked re-colonization routes along the River Strona. In comparison with both pre-pollution and contemporary reference data, the fish community of Lake Orta has not been rehabilitated. The recovery of the littoral community is complete, but cold water species such as burbot (Lota lota), Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) and bullhead (Cottus gobio) are still lacking, as are the pelagic zooplanktivores European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) and shad, which dominate offshore communities in the reference lakes, as they did a century ago in Lake Orta. To propose priorities for fish community rehabilitation in Lake Orta, we categorized the conservation, ecological and fishing values of each missing fish species in the lake, and evaluated the cost and probability of success of the needed intervention for each species. This analysis indicated that rehabilitation of shad and European whitefish should receive highest priority

Pengaruh Moralitas Aparat, Kesesuaian Kompensasi, dan Ketaatan Aturan Akuntansi terhadap Kecenderungan Kecurangan Akuntansi (Studi Empiris pada Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah Kabupaten Kampar)

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of apparatus morality, suitability of reward, and compliance to accounting rules on the tendency of accounting fraud. The population on this research was SKPD at Kampar Regency. The sampling technique using purposive sampling method and determination of sample size in this study was calculated by the formula slovin obtained by 99 respondents. The data of this research using primary data directly through a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS 20. The data were analyzed to test the hypothesis using simple linear regression analysis and moderated regression analysis (MRA) approach. The results of this study show that first, apparatus morality significant affect on the tendency of accounting fraud, where the significant value are 0,047<0,05. Second, the suitability of reward significant affect on the tendency of accounting fraud, where the sicnificant value are 0,034<0,05. Third, the compliance to accounting rules significant affect on the tendency of accounting fraud, where the sicnificant value are 0,33<0,05