30 research outputs found

    Elaboración de porciones de pescado para comedores escolares de la Provincia de Coclé

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    The fundamental purpose of this work was the mixture of diamond yam and guanco fish for the preparation of portions of fish for school dining in the province of Coclé. Several portions were elaborated with different percentages of fish and yam that were submitted to sensory tests of odor, color, flavor and texture by a group of adult panelists and children of school age. The adult group found a significant difference in the texture p ≤ 0.05, however the children panelists did not find a significant difference in the four tests for the flavor variable p ≥ 0.05. It should be noted that after the product has been frozen for one month, it shows acceptable microbiological quality. The proportion of proteins is also increased when the levels of fish in the formulation are increased, contrary to the levels of carbohydrates that is diminished by reducing the amount of yam in the diet.El propósito fundamental de este trabajo fue la mezcla de ñame diamante y pez guanco para la elaboración de porciones de pescado para comedores escolares en la provincia de Coclé.  Se elaboraron varias porciones con diferentes porcentajes de pescado y ñame que fueron sometidas a pruebas sensoriales de olor, color, sabor y textura por un grupo de panelistas adultos y niños en edad escolar. El grupo adulto encontró diferencia significativa en la textura p ≤ 0.05, sin embargo los panelistas niños no encontraron diferencia significativa en las cuatro pruebas para la variable sabor p ≥ 0.05. Cabe destacar que después de congelado el producto por un mes, éste muestra calidad microbiológica aceptable. La proporción de proteínas también se ve incrementada cuando se aumenta los niveles de pescado en la formulación, contrario a los niveles de carbohidratos que se ve disminuida al reducir la cantidad de ñame en la dieta

    Preparing arbitrary pure states of spatial qudits with a single phase-only spatial light modulator

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    Spatial qudits are -dimensional (≥2) quantum systems carrying information encoded in the discretized transverse momentum and position of single photons. We present a proof-of-principle demonstration of a method for preparing arbitrary pure states of such systems by using a single phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM). The method relies on the encoding of the complex transmission function corresponding to a given spatial qudit state onto a preset diffraction order of a phase-only grating function addressed at the SLM. Fidelities of preparation above 94% were obtained with this method, which is simpler, less costly, and more efficient than those that require two SLMs for the same purpose.Instituto de Física La Plat

    Dietary Patterns and Dietary Recommendations Achievement From Latin American College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown

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    This study aimed to compare the diet quality of different dietary patterns among college students from Latin American countries, including vegetarians, vegans, and omnivores during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional, observational, multicenter study was conducted including a non- probabilistic sample of university students from 10 countries. University students were invited to participate in the study through social network platforms. Participants were self-reported to have followed a specific dietary pattern; either the Prudent diet, Western diet, Ovo-dairy-vegetarian diet, Fish-vegetarian diet, Strict vegetarian diet (vegan) or other. The last three patterns (vegetarians and vegans) were grouped as following a plant-based diet. A self-assessment survey was used to evaluate healthy eating habits using a questionnaire with values between 1 (do not consume) and 5 (consume) for a total of 9–45 points (higher values represent better eating habits). Unhealthy habits were assessed with nine questions. A total of 4,809 students filled out the questionnaire, and the majority of them were females (73.7%). Murillo et al. College Dietary Patterns During COVID-19 A high percentage have been in lockdown for more than 5 months and were in lockdown when the survey was released. 74.3% were self-reported to follow a prudent diet, while 11.4% reported following a western dietary pattern and 8.8% a plant-based diet. When compliance with healthy and unhealthy dietary habits was analyzed, although all groups had low compliance, the plant-based diet group (56.09 ± 6.11) performed better than the Western diet group (48.03 ± 5.99). The total diet quality score was significantly higher for plant-based diet followers, who also tended to better achieve the recommendations than omnivorous students, especially the ones following a western diet. These results present evidence that young adults such as college-aged students have unhealthy dietary habits. However, the ones who follow a plant-based diet such as vegetarians and vegans exhibit better scores and healthier dietary conducts.UCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Salud::Facultad de Medicina::Escuela de Medicin

    Human papillomavirus and Epstein-Barr virus infections in breast cancer from chile

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein Barr virus (EBV) have been found in breast carcinomas (BCs) around the world. In this study, fifty-five BCs from Chile were analyzed for HPV and EBV presence. In addition, HPV-16 viral load/physical status and E6/E7 expressions were determined.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The amplification of a housekeeping gene showed that 46/55 samples (84%) had amplifiable DNA. HPV-16 was detected in 4/46 BCs (8.7%) and EBV was detected in 3/46 (6.5%) BCs. The analysis of HPV-16 physical status showed that this virus was integrated in all of the tumors with a relatively low viral load (range: 0.14 to 33.8 copies/cell). E6 and E7 transcripts, however, were not detected in any HPV-16 positive specimens. Using a Cox-regression model, we found a statistically significant association between EBV presence and poor survival (p = 0.013).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The findings in this study suggest that it is unlikely that HPV and/or EBV play a direct role in the etiology of BC.</p

    Uso del láser en urgencias por periodontitis apical post tratamiento endodóntico

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    Introduction: Laser therapy and stimulation of the acupuncture points are anti-inflammatory and analgesic alternative treatments in dentistry.Objective: to describe the use of low power laser therapy in the emergency treatment of apical periodontitis after endodontic treatment during 2018.Methods: observational, descriptive, longitudinal, and prospective study of patients who attended emergency department at Guama Dentistry Clinic during 2018, Pinar del Río, presenting apical periodontitis after endodontic treatment; 86 patients participated in the study. Descriptive statistics was applied, respecting the bioethical principles.Results: female gender predominated (53,49 %), apical periodontitis after endodontic treatment was more prevalent in the age group 20-24 (30,23 %); 65,5 % of the patients presented remission and relief after the third treatment session. Only 2,33 % needed more than six treatment sessions.Conclusions: apical periodontitis after endodontic treatment is more common in women during the first half of the second decade of life. The treatment showed effectiveness from the first treatment sessions.Introducción: la terapia y estimulación con láser en puntos acupunturales constituyen alternativas de tratamiento antiinflamatorio y analgésico en estomatología.Objetivo: describir el uso de la terapia láser de baja potencia en el tratamiento de urgencias por periodontitis apical post tratamiento endodóntico durante el 2018.Método: estudio observacional, descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo en pacientes que acudieron a la consulta de urgencias de la Clínica Estomatológica “Guamá’’, municipio Pinar del Río, en el período durante el año 2018, por presentar periodontitis apical post tratamiento endodóntico. El universo estuvo constituido por 86 pacientes trabajándose con la totalidad. Se empleó estadística descriptiva y se siguieron los principios bioéticos.Resultados: predominó el sexo femenino (53,49 %), donde la periodontitis apical post tratamiento endodóntico se presentó en mayor cuantía en el grupo etario de 20 a 24 años de edad (30,23 %). El 65,5 % de los pacientes presentaron remisión y alivio tras la tercera sesión de tratamiento. Solo el 2,33 % necesitó más de seis sesiones de tratamiento.Conclusiones: la periodontitis apical post tratamiento endodóntico se presentan en mayor cuantía en las féminas, durante la primera mitad de la segunda década de vida. El tratamiento con terapia laser de baja frecuencia mostró efectividad desde las primeras sesiones de tratamiento

    Nitric Oxide Not Apoptosis Mediates Differential Killing of Mycobacterium bovis in Bovine Macrophages

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    To identify the resistance phenotype against Mycobacterium bovis in cattle, we used a bactericidal assay that has been considered a marker of this trait. Three of 24 cows (12.5%) were phenotyped as resistant and 21 as susceptible. Resistance of bovine macrophages (MΦ) to BCG challenge was evaluated for its association with SLC11A1 GT microsatellite polymorphisms within 3′UTR region. Twenty-three cows (95.8%) had a GT(13) genotype, reported as resistant, consequently the SLC11A1polymorphism was not in agreement with our bactericidal assay results. MΦ of cows with resistant or susceptible phenotype were challenged in vitro with virulent M. bovis field strain or BCG, and nitric oxide production, bacterial killing and apoptosis induction were measured in resting and LPS-primed states. M. bovis field strain induced more apoptosis than BCG, although the difference was not significant. Resistant MΦ controlled better the replication of M. bovis (P<0.01), produced more nitric oxide (P<0.05) and were slightly more prone to undergo apoptosis than susceptible cells. LPS pretreatment of MΦ enhanced all the functional parameters analyzed. Inhibition of nitric oxide production with n (G)-monomethyl-L-arginine monoacetate enhanced replication of M. bovis but did not modify apoptosis rates in both resistant and susceptible MΦ. We conclude that nitric oxide production not apoptosis is a major determinant of macrophage resistance to M. bovis infection in cattle and that the influence of SLC11A1 gene 3′UTR polymorphism is not associated with this event

    Facile synthesis of graphitic carbons decorated with SnO2 nanoparticles and their application as high capacity lithium-ion battery anodes

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    [EN] A facile and potentially scalable synthesis route to obtain SnO2–carbon composites was developed. SnO2 nanoparticles were deposited on the surface of two types of graphitic carbon: (a) commercial porous graphite (HG) and (b) graphitic carbon nanostructures. The synthesis procedure consists of two simple steps: (i) room temperature formation/deposition of SnO2 nanocrystals and (ii) thermal treatment at 350 °C to generate SnO2 nanoparticles (size ~3.5 nm) over the carbon surface. The electrochemical performance of the graphitic carbons and the SnO2–carbon composites as anode materials in Li-ion rechargeable batteries was investigated. In all cases, tape casting electrode fabrication allowed almost full active material utilization. Good cyclabilities were achieved, with HG and HG–SnO2 showing capacities of 356 and 545 mAh g−1, respectively after 50 cycles.We acknowledge the financial support received from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MAT2011-24757 and MAT2008-00407). M. S. thanks the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for the award of a Postdoctoral Mobility contract.Peer reviewe

    Enhanced high rate performance of LiMn2O4 spinel nanoparticles synthesized by a hard-template route

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    7 pages, 4 figures, 1 table.-- Printed version published Apr 15, 2007.A nanosized LiMn2O4 (nano-LiMn2O4) spinel was prepared by a novel route using a porous silica gel as a sacrificial hard template. This material was found to be made up of 8–20 nm nanoparticles with a mean crystallite size of 15 nm. The electrochemical properties of nano-LiMn2O4 were tested in lithium cells at different cycling rates and compared to those of microsized LiMn2O4 (micro-LiMn2O4) obtained by the classical solid state route. Microsized LiMn2O4 is formed by 3–20 μm agglomerates, the size of each individual particle being approximately 0.20 μm. The behaviour of nano-LiMn2O4 as a positive electrode improves with increasing current densities (from C/20 to 2C). Moreover, it was found to exhibit a noticeably better performance at high rates (2C), with higher initial capacity values and very good retention (only 2% loss after 30 cycles), with respect to micro-LiMn2O4, almost certainly due to enhanced lithium diffusion in the small particles.Dr. Heiner Santner is thanked for his assistance in carrying out the electrochemical experiments. TVS thanks CSIC-ESF for the award of a postdoctoral I3P contract. The financial support for this research provided by the Spanish MCyT (MAT2005-00262) is gratefully acknowledged.Peer reviewe

    Exchange-bias and superparamagnetic behaviour of Fe nanoparticles embedded in a porous carbon matrix

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    3 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. -- Printed version published 1 Dec 2008. -- Issue title: Non-Crystalline Solids 9, 9th International Workshop on Non-Crystalline Solids (Porto, Portugal, 27-30 April 2008)Combining different experimental techniques, the physical properties of Fe nanoparticles (NPs) randomly dispersed in a porous carbon have been investigated. From the analysis of TEM images and the broad maximum observed in ZFC–FC magnetization measurements under an applied magnetic field of 2.5 mT, a broad-size distribution NPs (5–50 nm) is estimated. The nature of these NPs (α-Fe and γ-Fe) was determined from X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, magnetization measurements suggest that these Fe-NPs remain completely blocked below 60 K due to a magnetic exchange-bias coupling induced on the surface of these NPs. However, the true nature of the core–shell responsible for this exchange bias within the NPs, is not totally understood yet. In addition, the system begins to be magnetically unblocked above 60 K, becoming almost superparamagnetic above 200 K. Room temperature Mössbauer spectroscopy confirms the existence of both α- and γ-Fe phases; an additional quadrupole component is required to properly fit the spectrum, which could be associated with the NP’s shell or to an oxide phase probably located on the surface of the NPs.The work was supported by the Spanish MCyT (MAT2005-06806-C04-01 and MAT2005-00262). One of the authors, M.P.F.-G., acknowledges the Spanish MEC for the award of a FPI Grant during the collaboration with the University of Porto. Authors are also endebted to: D. Martínez-Blanco for magnetic measurements; Dr C. Alvarez-Rua for X-ray diffraction, C. Alvarez and A. Quintana for Electronic Microscopy, all of them from SCT’s at University of Oviedo, as well as University of Porto and IFIMUP for the assistance and experimental equipment provided.Peer reviewe
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