A Microleakage Study Of Gutta-percha/ah Plus And Resilon/real Self-etch Systems After Different Irrigation Protocols

The development and maintenance of the sealing of the root canal system is the key to the success of root canal treatment. The resin-based adhesive material has the potential to reduce the microleakage of the root canal because of its adhesive properties and penetration into dentinal walls. Moreover, the irrigation protocols may have an influence on the adhesiveness of resin-based sealers to root dentin. Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different irrigant protocols on coronal bacterial microleakage of gutta-percha/AH Plus and Resilon/Real Seal Self-Etch systems. Material and Methods: One hundred ninety pre-molars were used. The teeth were divided into 18 experimental groups according to the irrigation protocols and filling materials used. The protocols used were: distilled water; sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)+EDTA; NaOCl+H3PO4; NaOCl+EDTA+chlorhexidine (CHX); NaOCl+H3PO4+CHX; CHX+EDTA; CHX+ H3PO4; CHX+EDTA+CHX and CHX+H3PO4+CHX. Gutta-percha/AH Plus or Resilon/Real Seal SE were used as root-filling materials. The coronal microleakage was evaluated for 90 days against Enterococcus faecalis. Data were statistically analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival test, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: No significant difference was verified in the groups using chlorhexidine or sodium hypochlorite during the chemo-mechanical preparation followed by EDTA or phosphoric acid for smear layer removal. The same results were found for filling materials. However, the statistical analyses revealed that a final flush with 2% chlorhexidine reduced significantly the coronal microleakage. Conclusion: A final flush with 2% chlorhexidine after smear layer removal reduces coronal microleakage of teeth filled with gutta-percha/AH Plus or Resilon/Real Seal SE.223174179Adamo, H.L., Buruiana, R., Schertzer, L., Boylan, R.J., A comparison of MTA, Super EBA, comparison of MTA, Super EBA, composite and amalgam as root end filling materials using a bacterial microleakage model (1999) Int Endod J, 32, pp. 197-203Akisue, E., Tomita, V.S., Gavini, G., de Poli, F.J.A., Effect of the combination of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine on dentinal permeability and scanning electron microscopy precipitate observation (2010) J Endod, 36, pp. 847-850Assis, D.F., Prado, M., Simão, R.A., Evaluation of the interaction between endodontic sealers and dentin treated with different irrigant solutions (2011) J Endod, 37, pp. 1550-1552Baumgartner, G., Zehnder, M., Paqué, F., Enterococcus faecalis type strain leakage through root canals filled with Gutta-Percha/ AH Plus or Resilon/Epiphany (2007) J Endod, 33, pp. 45-47Berber, V.B., Gomes, B.P., Sena, N.T., Vianna, M.E., Ferraz, C.C., Zaia, A.A., Efficacy of various concentrations of NaOCl and instrumentation techniques in reducing Enterococcus faecalis within root canals and dentinal tubules (2006) Int Endod J, 39, pp. 10-17Carrilho, M.R., Carvalho, R.M., Goes, M.F., di Hipólito, V., Geraldeli, S., Tay, F.R., Chlorhexidine preserves dentin bond in vitro (2007) J Dent Res, 86, pp. 90-94Chailertvanitkul, P., Saunders, W.P., Mackenzie, D., Coronal leakage of obturated root canals after long-term storage using a polymicrobial marker (1997) J Endod, 23, pp. 610-613De-Deus, G., Namen, F., Galan Jr., J., Zehnder, M., Soft chelating irrigation protocol optimizes bonding quality of Resilon/Epiphany root fillings (2008) J Endod, 34, pp. 703-705Fransen, J.N., He, J., Glickman, G.N., Rios, A., Shulman, J.D., Honeyman, A., Comparative assessment of ActiV GP/glass ionomer sealer, Resilon/Epiphany, and gutta-percha/AH plus obturation: A bacterial leakage study (2008) J Endod, 34, pp. 725-727Gomes, B.P., Sato, E., Ferraz, C.C., Teixeira, F.B., Zaia, A.A., Souza-Filho, F.J., Evaluation of time required for recontamination of coronally sealed canals medicated with calcium hydroxide and chlorhexidine (2003) Int Endod J, 36, pp. 604-609Hashem, A.A., Ghoneim, A.G., Lutfy, R.A., Fouda, M.Y., The effect of different irrigating solutions on bond strength of two root canalfilling systems (2009) J Endod, 35, pp. 537-540Hirai, V.H., Silva, N.U.X., Westphalen, V.P., Perin, C.P., Carneiro, E., Fariniuk, L.F., Comparative analysis of leakage in root canal fillings performed with gutta-percha and Resilon cones with AH Plus and Epiphany sealers (2010) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 109, pp. e131-e135Imura, N., Otani, S.M., Campos, M.J., Jardim Jr., E.G., Zuolo, M.L., Bacterial penetration through temporary restorative materials in root-canal-treated teeth in vitro (1997) Int Endod J, 23, pp. 1-5Jacobovitz, M., Vianna, M.E., Pandolfelli, V.C., Oliveira, I.R., Rossetto, H.L., Gomes, B.P., Root canal filling with cements based on mineral aggregates: An in vitro analysis of bacterial microleakage (2009) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 108, pp. 140-144Malone III, K.H., Donnelly, J.C., In vitro evaluation of coronal microleakage in obturated root canals without restorations (1997) J Endod, 23, pp. 35-38Nair, U., Ghattas, S., Saber, M., Natera, M., Walker, C., Pileggi, R., A comparative evaluation of the sealing ability of 2 root-end filling materials: An in vitro leakage study using Enterococcus faecalis (2011) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 112, pp. e74-e77Neelakantan, P., Subbarao, C., Subbarao, C.V., De-Deus, G., Zehnder, M., The impact of root dentine conditioning on sealing ability and push-out bond strength of an epoxy resin root canal sealer (2011) Int Endod J, 44, pp. 491-498Park, D.S., Torabinejad, M., Shabahang, S., The effect of MTAD on the coronal leakage of obturated root canals (2004) J Endod, 30, pp. 890-892Prado, M., Gusman, H., Gomes, B.P., Simão, R.A., Scanning electron microscopic investigation of the effectiveness of phosphoric acid in smear layer removal when compared with EDTA and citric acid (2011) J Endod, 37, pp. 255-258Prado, M., Simão, R.A., Gomes, B.P., Effect of different irrigation protocols on resin sealer bond strength to dentin (2013) J Endod, 39, pp. 689-692Rosenthal, S., Spångberg, L., Safavi, K., Chlorhexidine substantivity in root canal dentin (2004) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 98, pp. 488-492Saleh, I.M., Ruyter, I.E., Haapasalo, M., ørstavik, D., Bacterial penetration along different root canal filling materials in the presence or absence of smear layer (2008) Int Endod J, 41, pp. 32-40Sharifian, M.R., Shokouhinejad, N., Aligholi, M., Jafari, Z., Effect of chlorhexidine on coronal microleakage from root canals obturated with Resilon/Epiphany Self-Etch (2010) J Oral Sci, 52, pp. 83-87Shemesh, H., Wu, M.K., Wesselink, P.R., Leakage along apical root fillings with and without smear layer using two different leakage models: A two-month longitudinal ex vivo study (2006) Int Endod J, 39, pp. 968-976Shipper, G., ørstavik, D., Teixeira, F.B., Trope, M., An evaluation of microbial leakage in roots filled with a thermoplastic synthetic polymer-based root canal filling material (Resilon) (2004) J Endod, 30, pp. 342-347Shokouhinejad, N., Sharifian, M.R., Aligholi, M., Assadian, H., Tabor, R.K., Nekoofar, M.H., The sealing ability of resilon and gutta-parcha following different smear layer removal methods: An ex vivo study (2010) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 110, pp. e45-e49Stratton, R.K., Apicella, M.J., Mines, P., A fluid filtration comparison of gutta-percha versus Resilon, a new soft resin endodontic obturation system (2006) J Endod, 32, pp. 642-645Vianna, M.E., Gomes, B.P., Sena, N.T., Zaia, A.A., Ferraz, C.C.R.F., Souza-Filho, F.J., In vitro evaluation of the susceptibility of endodontic pathogens to calcium hydroxide combined with different vehicles (2005) Braz Dent J, 16, pp. 175-180Wedding, J.R., Brown, C.E., Legan, J.J., Moore, B.K., Vail, M.M., An in vitro comparison of microleakage between Resilon and guttapercha with a fluid filtration model (2007) J Endod, 33, pp. 1447-1449Zehnder, M., Root canal irrigants (2006) J Endod, 32, pp. 389-39

Sistemas de pastejo.

O que se pretende neste trabalho é discutir alguns fatores de manejo que afetam os SP's e alguns princípios envolvidos na utilização de pastagens, especialmente levando em consideração a realidade brasileir

Low-head energy recovery: tubular propeller with 5 blades

[ES] Os sistemas de abastecimento, distribuição e drenagem do setor da água são um dos principais tipos de sistemas hidráulicos artificiais com potencial para a instalação de micro-hídricas. Apesar de existirem algumas aplicações de mini-hidroeletricidade nas condutas de adução, as redes de distribuição de águas urbanas e de rega continuam a ser pouco exploradas. Desta forma, com o objetivo de aproveitar o potencial energético, estudou-se uma turbina hélice tubular com 5 pás inicialmente desenvolvida no âmbito do projeto europeu HYLOW em 2008 e testada em HES-SO Valais. Modelações numéricas foram efetuadas por forma a avaliar o comportamento do fluido no interior da turbina. As simulações apresentaram uma boa aproximação com os ensaios experimentais, com valores de desvio abaixo dos 5%.[EN] Water supply, distribution and drainage systems are one of the main types of artificial hydraulic systems with potential for the installation of micro-turbines. Although there are some mini-hydropower applications in pipe systems, urban water and irrigation networks are still under-exploited. Thus, in order to exploit the energy potential, a 5-blade tubular propeller turbine, initially developed as part of the European HYLOW project in 2008 and tested in HES-SO Valais, was studied. Numerical models were performed to evaluate the behavior of the flow inside the turbine. The simulations presented a good approximation with the experimental tests, with deviation values below 5%.Os autores agradecem ao projeto REDAWN (Redução da Dependência Energética nas Redes de Águas da Área Atlântica) EAPA_198 / 2016 do PROGRAMA INTERREG ATLÂNTICO 2014-2020, ao CERIS e aos Laboratórios de Hidráulica do DECivile HES-SO Valais, pelo apoio no desenvolvimento dos ensaios experimentais.Simao, M.; Ramos, H. (2020). Recuperação de energia de baixa queda: turbina hélice tubular com 5 pás. Ingeniería del agua. 24(4):285-294. https://doi.org/10.4995/ia.2020.13636OJS285294244Abbasi, T. 2011. Small hydro and the environmental implications of its extensive utilization. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15, 2134-2143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.11.050Aggidis, G.A. 2014. Hydro turbine prototype and generation of performance curves: Fully automated approach. Renewable Energy, 71, 433-441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2014.05.043Ayli, E., Celebioglu, K., Aradag, S. 2016. CFD based Hill chart construction and similarity study of prototype and model Francis turbines for experimental tests. 12th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.Biner, D., Hasmatuchi, V., Avellan, F., Münch-Alligné, C. 2015. Design & performance of a hydraulic microturbine with counterrotating runners. 5th International Youth Conference on Energy (IYCE), Pisa, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1109/IYCE.2015.7180737Carravetta, A., Del Giudice, G., Fecarotta, O., Ramos, H.M. 2012. Energy Production in Water Distribution Networks: A PAT Design Strategy. Water Resource Management, 26, 3947-3959. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-012-0114-1Caxaria, G., Mesquita e Sousa, D., Ramos, H.M. 2011. Small scale hydropower: generator analysis and optimization for water supply systems. Sweden, European council for an energy efficient economy. In World Renewable Energy Congress-Sweden; 8-13 May; 2011; Linköping; Sweden (No. 057, pp. 1386-1393). Linköping University Electronic Press. https://doi.org/10.3384/ecp110571386Coelho, B., Andrade-Campos, A. 2014. Efficiency achievement in water supply systems-A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 30, 59-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.09.010Corcoran, L., McNabola, A., Coughlan, P. 2015. Optimization of Water Distribution Networks for Combined hydropower Energy Recovery and Leakage Reduction. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 142(2). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000566Elbatran, A. Yaakob, O.B., Ahmed, Y.M., Shabara, H.M. 2015. Operation, performance and economic analysis of low head micro-hydropower turbines for rural and remote areas: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 43, 40-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.11.045Heller, V. 2011. Scale effects in physical hydraulic engineering models. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 49, 293-306. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221686.2011.578914Luna-Ramírez, A., Campos-Amezcua, A., Dorantes-Gómez, O., Mazur-Czerwiec, Z., Muñoz-Quezada, R. 2016. Failure analysis of runner blades in a Francis hydraulic turbine - Case study. Engineering Failure Analysis, 59, 314-325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2015.10.020Paish, O. 2002. Small hydro power: technology and current status. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 6(6), 537-556. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-0321(02)00006-0Ramos, H.M., Borga, A., Simão, M. 2009. New design for low-power energy production in water pipe systems. Water Science and Engineering, 2(4), 69-84. https://doi.org/10.3882/j.issn.1674-2370.2009.04.007Ramos, H.M., Simão, M., Borga, A. 2013. Experiments and CFD Analyses for a New Reaction Microhydro Propeller with Five Blades. Journal of Energy Engineering, 139, 109-117. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000096Samora, I., Hasmatuchi, V., Münch-Alligné, C., Franca, M.J., Schleiss, A.J., Ramos, H.M. 2016a. Experimental characterization of a five blade tubular propeller turbine for pipe inline installation. Renewable Energy, 95, 2016, 356-366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2016.04.023Samora, I., Schleiss, A., Ramos, H.M. 2016b. Optimization of low-head hydropower recovery in water supply networks. https://doi.org/10.5075/epfl-thesis-7126.Simão, M., Pérez-Sánchez, M., Carravetta, A., López-Jiménez, P., Ramos, H.M. 2017. Velocities in a centrifugal PAT operation: Experiments and CFD analyses. Fluids, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids3010003Williamson, S.J., Stark, B.H., Booker, J.D. 2014. Low head pico hydro turbine selection using a multi-criteria analysis. Renewable Energy, 61, 43-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2012.06.02

Integrated 3D Hydrogel Waveguide Out-Coupler by Step-and-Repeat Thermal Nanoimprint Lithography: A Promising Sensor Device for Water and pH

Hydrogel materials offer many advantages for chemical and biological sensoring due to their response to a small change in their environment with a related change in volume. Several designs have been outlined in the literature in the specific field of hydrogel-based optical sensors, reporting a large number of steps for their fabrication. In this work we present a three-dimensional, hydrogel-based sensor the structure of which is fabricated in a single step using thermal nanoimprint lithography. The sensor is based on a waveguide with a grating readout section. A specific hydrogel formulation, based on a combination of PEGDMA (Poly(Ethylene Glycol DiMethAcrylate)), NIPAAm (N-IsoPropylAcrylAmide), and AA (Acrylic Acid), was developed. This stimulus-responsive hydrogel is sensitive to pH and to water. Moreover, the hydrogel has been modified to be suitable for fabrication by thermal nanoimprint lithography. Once stimulated, the hydrogel-based sensor changes its topography, which is characterised physically by AFM and SEM, and optically using a specific optical set-up

Recria de animais leiteiros em pastagem de capim-gordura da Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais.

bitstream/item/142975/1/2012.pd