Uticaj fitaze mikrobioloskog porekla na proizvodne rezultate i karakteristike kostiju prasadi

The 31 day long trial included 24 Yorkshire piglets divided into three groups. Before weaning, the piglets were given the experimental diets in a 7-day adjustment period. During this period as well as for 22 days following, the piglets were fed on diets containing 22% CP and then diets containing 20% CP for the remaining 19 days. The desired level of phosphorus in the diet for the control group and experimental group III was achieved by the addition of dicalcium phosphate, while the diet for group II was without added dicalcium phosphate. In addition the, diets for groups II and III were enriched with crude phytase (produced by growing an isolate of Aspergillus awamori) in an amount sufficient to provide 800 FU/kg. Performance and state of health were monitored during the trial and at the end the piglets were killed for collection of bone samples. Growth performance was improved by adding microbial phytase. Ash and calcium content in the tibia showed no statistical differences between the groups, while content of phosphorus was significantly increased in both groups fed added phytase in the diet. The length and width of the tibia and the intensity of its shadow indicated normal physiological processes in bone formation and ossification. The best ossification was obtained in the first experimental group, based on almost invisible nutrition channels inside the thick shadow of compacta, as well as the homogenous appearance of tibiae spongiosa in the mid diaphysis area.Ogled je izveden na 24 odbijene Jorkšir prasadi podeljenih u tri grupe, a trajao je 31 dan. U pripremnom periodu od 7 dana pre odbijanja, kao i tokom naredna 22 dana prasad su hranjena smešom sa 22% proteina, a zatim smešom sa 20% proteina do kraja ogleda. Planirani nivoi fosfora u I i III grupu postignuti su dodavanjem dikalcijum fosfata, dok su smeše za ishranu II grupe prasadi bile bez dodatog dikalcijum fosfata. Smešama za K i O-ll grupu prasadi dodata je sirova fitaza (izolovana iz gljivica Aspergillus awamori) u količini koja je obezbedila 800 FU/kg hrane. Tokom ogleda praćeni su proizvodni rezultati i zdravstveno stanje, a na kraju ogleda izvršeno je žrtvovanje prasadi u cilju uzimanja uzoraka kostiju za predviđena ispitivanja. Proizvodni rezultati su bili poboljšani korišćenjem fitaze mikrobijalnog porekla. Razlike u sadržaju pepela i kalcijuma tibije nije se statistički razlikovao, dok je sadržaj fosfora signifikantno rastao u grupama sa dodatom fitazom mikrobijalnog porekla. Rezultati morfometrijskih i radiografskih ispitivanja ukazala su na normalne fiziološke procese osifikacije kostiju. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultatanajbolje izražen proces osifikacije kostiju bio je u prvoj oglednoj grupi prasadi

Značaj i uloga organski vezanih mikroelemenata u ishrani domaćih životinja

In this review paper the presentation of most important micro mineral sources in the nutrition of the economically most important species and categories of domestic animals is given. Their physiological functions and concentration in domestic feeds and possible sources is explained. Within the treatise the choice of the most suitable sources of microelements was explained while special attention was given to organically bonded microelements. The presented results show that the use of microelements bonded with polysaccharides has equally good effects as microelements bonded with amino acids or short peptides (chelates). They also have positive effects on milk production, decrease of somatic cells, better reproduction performances spermatogenesis in male breeding animals and stimulate the immune system of the animal.U radu je dat prikaz važnijih izvora mikroelemenata u ishrani ekonomski najvažnijih vrsta domaćih životinja. Ukazano je na njihove fiziološke funkcije, sadržaj u hranivima i jedinjenjima mikroelemenata koja se koriste u našoj zemlji. U okviru razmatranja najpodesnijih izvora mikroelemenata posebna pažnja posvećena je organski vezanim mikroelementima. Prezentirani rezultati ukazuju da korišćenje mikroelemenata vezanih za polisaharide pokazuju bolju iskoristivost mikroelemenata od onih koji su vezani za aminokiseline ili kratke peptide (helati). Oni imaju pozitivan uticaj na produkciju mleka, smanjenje broja somatskih ćelija, poboljšanje rezultata reprodukcije životinja, spermatogenezu muških priplodnih grla i podstiču imunološke sposobnosti životinja

Giving something back? Sentiments of privilege and social responsibility among elite graduates from Britain and France

This article explores the complex relationship between transnational elites and civil society through examining the contrasting orientations of two cohorts of ‘elite graduates’ from Paris and Oxford. Both cohorts believe their privileged status has been earned through hard work and ability. But they are also aware that they have benefited from advantages not available to all. Perhaps because of this, they express the need to ‘give something back’. However, the means through which they seek to discharge their social responsibilities are very different. While the Oxford graduates seek to ‘give something back’ through volunteering and third sector engagement, the Paris graduates will ‘give something back’ through public service. The article discusses how the contrasting relationship between the state, civil society and the education system in these two countries may shape dispositions, and speculates on the extent to which these elite recruits’ commitment to ‘give something back’ will make a difference

Perimenstrual symptoms and it's management - Assessment with Menstrual Distress Questionnaire -

月経周期の変化に伴う多様で複雑な月経周辺期の症状を,出来るだけ単純で基本的に共通した変化として捉え,症状に適した対応を検討することを目的として本研究を行った｡月経を有する22～45歳の女性34名に対し,Menstrual Distress Questionnaireの即時的回答法を用いて月経周辺期を[痛み],[集中力],[行動変化],[自律神経反応],[水分貯留],[負の感情]から構成された35症状6領域で縦断的に追究し,以下の結果を得た｡ 1.月経周辺期の症状を縦断的に比較検討した結果,Moosのデータと近似した日本人のデータを示した｡ 2.月経周辺期における領域の推移では,身体的症状で構成される[痛み領域],[水分貯留領域]の2領域が精神的症状で構成される他の領域に比べ,常に上位を占めていた｡以上の事より,月経周辺期の生理的変化に伴う精神的愁訴は,身体的変化によって誘発されている可能性が示唆された｡Each of 34 women rated their experience of 46 symptoms on a six-point scale separately for the premenstrual, menstrual, and intermenstrual phases of her most recent menstrual cycle. The 46 symptoms were intercorrelated and factor analyzed separately for each phase. These symptoms were divided into six clusters of symptoms, such as pain, concentration, behavioral change, autonomic reaction, water retention, and negative affect. Pain and water retention were composed of physical symptoms, were always at higher position than three clusters of menstrual symptoms in perimenstrual change. Thus, mental symptoms in perimenstrual physiological changes were might be induced by physical changes

Debateable Marriages: Marriage and child marriage in Saudi Arabia

This article examines marriage and the constitution of familial relationships in Saudi Arabia, with a specific focus on one form of marriage that has recently become an issue of public, political, and religious discussion, that of “child marriage.” The situation within Saudi Arabia is compared with gendered relationships in other countries, most notably those in Western Europe, with specific attention given to the United Kingdom. It is argued that policy developments in Saudi Arabia need to be seen in the context of wider Saudi culture, Sharia law, and religious interpretations of the Koran

Comics Telling Refugee Stories

This chapter begins with an indicative survey of comics responding to the current ‘refugee crisis’. The comics in question adopt one of two distinct and established approaches. The first is reportage, usually featuring the author/creator as a central device, while the second re-works and renders testimony in visual form. In their different ways, both contribute to a wider repertoire of positive and sympathetic representations of refugees, offering a counter-point to hostile media and political discourse, often by a focus on the stories of individuals. Mobilizing compassion and moral responses through personal stories of hardship, trauma, tenacity, and survival has long been a tactic of reformist agendas and humanitarian advocacy. By their qualitative difference from dominant forms of factual discourse, comics offer certain advantages. They may also circumvent certain problems associated with photographic representations of suffering. Such comics can nevertheless run the risk of re-producing established victim tropes, and just as with other forms of representation, human-interest angles carry the potential to obscure political dimensions. In an attempt to consider and situate these concerns, the analysis considers the various positions and relations that constitute ‘refugee comics’: subjects, readers, creators, (im)materiality, and circulation

Punishing childhoods: contradictions in children’s rights and global governance

The article considers efforts to eradicate corporal punishment as an aspect of the global governance of childhood and raises problems relevant to global governance more broadly. The article analyses contradictions in children’s rights advocacy between its universal human rights norms and implicit relativist development model. Children’s rights research is influenced by social constructivist theories, which highlight the history of childhood and childhood norms. Earlier social constructivist studies identified the concept of childhood underpinning the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) as a Western construction based on Western historical experiences, which excluded the experiences of childhood in developing countries. More recent social constructivist approaches emphasise how childhood norms are constructed and therefore can be reconstructed. The article outlines problems with attempts to globalise childhood norms without globalising material development. The article discusses the softening of discipline norms in Western societies historically. It indicates problems with children’s rights advocacy seeking to eradicate the corporal punishment of children globally without globalising the material conditions, which underpin the post-industrial ideal of childhood embodied in the CRC