94 research outputs found
Análisis de la variabilidad temporal de la infiltración en un gradiente de degradación de usos del suelo en el Pirineo central
20 págs, 4 figs, 5 tablas[ES] Se analiza
la
capacidad
de
infiltración
con
respecto
a
las
condiciones
físicas
superficiales
(humedad
y
resistencia
mecánica)
de
suelos
en
el
Pirineo
Central,
considerando tres
escenarios:
bosque
natural,
campos
abandonados
y
cárcavas.
El
estudio
se
ha
realizado
en
tres
cuencas
experimentales
(San
Salvador,
Arnás
y
Araguás)
situadas
en
un
contexto
geográfico,
geológico
y
climático
similar.
La
información
se
ha
obtenido
mediante
ensayos
con
un
infiltrómetro
de
doble
anillo
entre
otoño
de
2008
y
verano
de
2009.
Los
resultados
sugieren
cierto
efecto
de
las
condiciones
físicas
previas
sobre
la capacidad
de
infiltración.
Sin
embargo,
el
uso
del
suelo
y
la orientación
de
las
laderas
(N‐S) se
han
revelado
los factores más
determinantes.
Esto
se
relaciona
con
la
variabilidad
estacional del
estado
físico
antecedente
y
su
dinámica
durante
los
ensayos.
Las
diferencias
de la
infiltración
asociada
a
la
orientación
de
las
laderas
incluso
pueden
superar
a
las
observadas
entre
usos
del
suelo.[EN] The
infiltration
capacity
has
been
analysed
related
to
the
variation
of
surface
physical
conditions
(moisture
and
mechanical
r esistance)
of
soils
from
the
Central
Spanish
Pyrenees,
taking
into
account
the
most
representative
situations
of
land
uses
and
vegetal
covers.
The
study
was
carried
out
in
three
experimental
catchments,
each
representative
of
different
environments
in
terms
of
soil
use
and
vegetation
cover:
forested
(San
Salvador),
field
abandonment
(Arnás)
and
badlands
(Araguás).
The
three
catchment s
are
located
near by
and
have
similar
geologica l
and
climatic
conditions.
The
study
was
done
through
experimental
infiltration
s et s
using
a
big
double
ring
instrument
(50
cm
water
column
height.
Experiments
were
performed
from
autumn
2008
to
summer
2009.
The
infiltration
process
was
analysed
on
six
land
uses
situations:
bare regolith,
grass
c overed
regolith,
north‐facing
slope
in
forested
soil,
south‐facing
slope
in
forested soil,
north‐facing
slope
in
meadow
soil
and
south‐facing
slope
in
pasture
soil.
Before and
after
each
experiment
soil
was
sampled
in
order
to
estimate
moisture
content
(0‐1,
0‐5
and
5‐10
cm
depth)
and
surface
mechanical
resistance
was
measured
with
the
help
of
a
pocket
penetrometer,
providing
an
idea
a bout
previous
conditions
and
its
variation.
The
results
suggest
a
certain
effect
of
moisture
conditions
on
infiltration
capacity.
However,
soil
use
and
slope
exposition
(North
and
South)
seem
to
be
the
most
determinant
factors.
This
is
related
to
the
seasonal
variability
of antecedent
soil
conditions
and
its
dynamics
during
the
experiments.
The
differences
on
infiltration
capacity
associated
with
slope
e xposition
can
be
higher
than
those
observed
between
land
uses.Este
estudio
se
ha financiado
mediante
fondos
del
proyecto
CETSUS
(CGL2007‐66644‐C04‐01/HID)
del
Plan
Nacional
I+D+I
2004‐207
(Ministerio
de
Ciencia
e
Innovación).
El
mantenimiento
y
parte
de
la
monitorización
de
las
cuencas
experimentales
se
ha
logrado
a
partir
de
la
financiación
proporcionada
por
el
convenio
RESEL (Ministerio
del
Medio
Ambiente‐CSIC). E.
Nadal‐Romero
y
N.
Lana‐Renault
contaron
durante
2009
y
2010
con
un
contrato postdoctoral
del
Ministerio
de
Ciencia
e
Innovación,
mediante
el
Programa
Nacional
de
Movilidad
de Recursos
Humanos
del
Plan
nacional
de
I‐D+I
2008‐2011
y
en
la
actualidad
están
contratadas
gracias
al
programa
Postdoctoral
Juan
de
la
Cierva
(Ministerio
de
Ciencia
e
Innovación).Peer reviewe
La investigación hidrogeomorfológica en cuencas experimentales de montaña media en el Pirineo Central (1996-2014)
10 páginasPeer reviewe
Aportaciones de las TIC a la práctica coral inclusiva
La integración de recursos tecnológicos en un coro inclusivo constituido por personas con y sin diversidad funcional, y en las que un grupo importante no posee conocimientos musicales, ha supuesto una realidad en estos últimos años. El objetivo del estudio es analizar el uso y aportaciones que ofrece esta tecnología en el aprendizaje autónomo del repertorio en los integrantes de dicha agrupación coral. Mediante un estudio de caso en el que se han utilizado como instrumentos un cuestionario ad hoc, el grupo de discusión y las entrevistas semi-estructuradas, se ha realizado un análisis temático del discurso y la comparación y triangulación de la información obtenida de las diferentes fuentes analizadas. Se presentan los resultados obtenidos en relación con la utilización de los recursos tecnológicos ofrecidos por el coro, los objetivos y beneficios de su uso, así como los recursos existentes y la propuesta de nuevas herramientas que favorezcan el proceso de aprendizaje. Se destaca la función de la tecnología como recurso indispensable para la correcta evolución del coro, complementando la formación presencial. Su potencial para el trabajo individual autónomo, su adaptación a las necesidades individuales de cada miembro, su ubicuidad y facilidad de uso y la variabilidad en cuanto al tipo de recursos a ofrecer y dispositivos con los que utilizarlos son algunas de las características más destacables que permiten la transferencia a otros contextos y realidades educativas y formativas. Resulta necesario seguir profundizando en esta línea de investigación para que la inclusión sea una realidad en nuestra sociedad y se pueda ofrecer una formación adaptada a las características y necesidades de cada persona; y en este sentido la tecnología se presenta como una herramienta de gran potencial
Linking land cover changes in the subalpine and montane belts to changes in a torrential river.
Channel cbanges are the consequence of cbanges in sediment yield from the slopes and in the connectivity between slopes and channels
bccause of distinct land use and climate inJpacts. In Ibis study, we investigated the characteristics and evolution of a short reach in the
headwater of the !juez River, central-soutbem Pyrenees. Assessment of a series of sedimentar)' and geomorphic structures confirtned major
cbanges to the valley boUom, mainly related to changes in the intensity of human activity. 'The oldest sedimentar)' structure is a terrace leve!
located 3 10 4 m above the current alluvial plain. General deforestation, overgrazing and recwring tires in the montane belt ( 1100-1600 m a.sJ.)
have led 10 increased soil erosioo and connectivity, and to tbe triggering of debris llows thal have been deposited on the fluvial tmace. Woody
fragments from within the debris llows were dated using acceleraror mass spectrOmetry '"e radiocaroon tcchniques (AMS), yielding ages
between 1 00 and 115 cal years BP, whicb coincides with tbe period of maximum deforestalion and human density in the Pyrenees.
Depopulation and fannland abaodonment since tbe beginning of tbe 2001 oenrury has resulled in generalliJcod natural and artificial reforestation,
a shrinkage of the eroded arcas aod a decline in connectivi¡y bdween slopes and the channel. 1be rnost impor1an1 consequence has been cbannel
incision and oarrowing, and the development of a sedimed annour !ayer. Active sedimenl b8llSpOI1 is continui.Qg, although there has been a
decrease in sed.iment yield from the slopes. Copyright O 2014 John Wiley & Soos, Ltd
miRNA in situ hybridization in circulating tumor cells - MishCTC
irculating tumor cells (CTCs) must be phenotypically and genetically characterized before they can be utilized in clinical applications. Here, we present the first protocol for the detection of miRNAs in CTCs using in situ hybridization (ISH) combined with immunomagnetic selection based on cytokeratin (CK) expression and immunocytochemistry. Locked-Nucleic Acid (LNA) probes associated with an enzyme-labeled fluorescence (ELF) signal amplification approach were used to detect miRNA-21 in CTCs. This protocol was optimized using both epithelial tumor (MDA-MB468) and epithelial non-tumor (MCF-10A) cell lines, and miRNA-21 was selected as the target miRNA because of its known role as an onco-miRNA. Hematopoietic cells do not express miRNA-21; thus, miRNA-21 is an ideal marker for detecting CTCs. Peripheral blood samples were taken from 25 cancer patients and these samples were analyzed using our developed protocol. Of the 25 samples, 11 contained CTCs. For all 11 CTC-positive samples, the isolated CTCs expressed both CK and miRNA-21. Finally, the protocol was applied to monitor miRNA-21 expression in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)-induced MCF-7 cells, an epithelial tumor cell line. CK expression was lost in these cells, whereas miRNA-21 was still expressed, suggesting that miRNA-21 might be a good marker for detecting CTCs with an EMT phenotype.JJDM thanks the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad for a Ramón y Cajal
Fellowship (Grant CTQ2012-34778). This research was partially supported by Marie Curie Career Integration Grants within the 7th European Community Framework Program
(FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG-Project Number 294142 to RMSM and FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG-Project Number 322276 toJJDM). Thisresearch wasalso partially
supported by Consejeria de Salud de la Junta de Andalucı
́
a (PI0294-2012)
Circulating tumor cells criteria (CyCAR) versus standard RECIST criteria for treatment response assessment in metastatic colorectal cancer patients
The use of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as indicators of treatment response in metastatic colorectal
cancer (mCRC) needs to be clarified. The objective of this study is to compare the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid
Tumors (RECIST) with the Cytologic Criteria Assessing Response (CyCAR), based on the presence and phenotypic
characterization of CTCs, as indicators of FOLFOX–bevacizumab treatment response. We observed a decrease of CTCs (42.8 vs. 18.2%) and VEGFR positivity (69.7% vs. 41.7%) after treatment.
According to RECIST, 6.45% of the patients did not show any clinical benefit, whereas 93.55% patients showed a
favorable response at 12 weeks. According to CyCAR, 29% had a non-favorable response and 71% patients did not. No
significant differences were found between the response assessment by RECIST and CyCAR at 12 or 24 weeks. However,
in the multivariate analysis, RECIST at 12 weeks and CyCAR at 24 weeks were independent prognostic factors for
OS (HR: 0.1, 95% CI 0.02–0.58 and HR: 0.35, 95% CI 0.12–0.99 respectively). CyCAR results were comparable to RECIST in evaluating the response in mCRC and can be used as an
alternative when the limitation of RECIST requires additional response analysis techniques.This work was supported by Roche Spain and a Ph.D. grant from the University
of Granada
Cardiometabolic Risk Profiles in Patients With Impaired Fasting Glucose and/or Hemoglobin A1c 5.7% to 6.4%: Evidence for a Gradient According to Diagnostic Criteria. The PREDAPS Study
It has been suggested that the early detection of individuals with prediabetes can help prevent cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of the current study was to examine the cardiometabolic risk profile in patients with prediabetes according to fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and/or hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) criteria. Cross-sectional analysis from the 2022 patients in the Cohort study in Primary Health Care on the Evolution of Patients with Prediabetes (PREDAPS Study) was developed. Four glycemic status groups were defined based on American Diabetes Association criteria. Information about cardiovascular risk factors-body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, gamma-glutamyltransferase, glomerular filtration-and metabolic syndrome components were analyzed. Mean values of clinical and biochemical characteristics and frequencies of metabolic syndrome were estimated adjusting by age, sex, educational level, and family history of diabetes. A linear trend (P < 0.001) was observed in most of the cardiovascular risk factors and in all components of metabolic syndrome. Normoglycemic individuals had the best values, individuals with both criteria of prediabetes had the worst, and individuals with only one-HbA1c or FPG-criterion had an intermediate position. Metabolic syndrome was present in 15.0% (95% confidence interval: 12.6-17.4), 59.5% (54.0-64.9), 62.0% (56.0-68.0), and 76.2% (72.8-79.6) of individuals classified in normoglycemia, isolated HbA1c, isolated FPG, and both criteria groups, respectively. In conclusion, individuals with prediabetes, especially those with both criteria, have worse cardiometabolic risk profile than normoglycemic individuals. These results suggest the need to use both criteria in the clinical practice to identify those individuals with the highest cardiovascular risk, in order to offer them special attention with intensive lifestyle intervention programs
World input-output network
Production systems, traditionally analyzed as almost independent national systems, are increasingly connected on a global scale. Only recently becoming available, the World Input-Output Database (WIOD) is one of the first efforts to construct the global multi-regional input-output (GMRIO) tables. By viewing the world input-output system as an interdependent network where the nodes are the individual industries in different economies and the edges are the monetary goods flows between industries, we analyze respectively the global, regional, and local network properties of the so-called world input-output network (WION) and document its evolution over time. At global level, we find that the industries are highly but asymmetrically connected, which implies that micro shocks can lead to macro fluctuations. At regional level, we find that the world production is still operated nationally or at most regionally as the communities detected are either individual economies or geographically well defined regions. Finally, at local level, for each industry we compare the network-based measures with the traditional methods of backward linkages. We find that the network-based measures such as PageRank centrality and community coreness measure can give valuable insights into identifying the key industries
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