Peranan Pemimpin Informal dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pembangunan di Desa Malola

Informal leaders are legitimate is not the leader/legality in Government, but theinformal leaders are part of the villagers whose role is crucial in giving influence to the residentsof the village. the role of informal leaders does not appear, this is because the formal leader ofthe village head is not too empowering the role of informal leadership. the purpose of thisresearch is to know the role of the Informal Leader in improving community participation indevelopment in the village Research methods used in this study is a qualitative method ofanalysis is the efforts made by way of working with data, organizing data, sifting through datainto units that can be managed, menyintesiskan data, search for and find patterns, find what isimportant and what is learned, and decide what can be told to others.The results of this research show that the informal leader\u27s role in improving publicparticipation is very important amongst the people, but not too effective in terms of informingand invites the public to take part in development activities to increase the participation ofcommunity development need for sinerginitas between formal and informal leaders leadersKeword: Informal leaders, community participation in developmen

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA PADA INDUSTRI RUMAH PANGGUNG KECAMATAN TOMPASO BARU, KABUPATEN MINAHASA SELATAN

This study aimed to analyze the factors affecting the number of workers in the wooden house indutry at Tompaso Baru, South Minahasa. The data used were primary data obtained from the 23 available wooden house enterprises in Tompaso Baru by using questionnaires. Data were analysed using multiple regression and a Cobb Douglass Model was apllied. The Factors that were analyzed including the wages, production values and capital. The preliminary analysis shows there was a high correlation (multicollinearity) between the production value and capital. It has been decided to drop the capital factor in further analysis. Results of the analysis showed that the models used were good enough to be used for analysis, indicated by the R2 value of 91.4% and a significant level of the model which was of less than 1%. Partial significant level of each factor, wages and production value, was also less than 1%. This showed that wages and production value were significant factors in the determining the number of workers recruited in the wooden house industry in Tompaso Baru. Both of them have positive directions, meaning that an increase in wages or production value would increase the number of workers in this industry.*ghmk

Retrieval evidence of impingement at the third articulation in contemporary dual mobility cups for total hip arthroplasty

PURPOSE: We aimed to assess polyethylene liners of retrieved hips of one design of a dual mobility (DM) cup liner and two designs of femoral stems to better understand the role of femoral stem design on polyethylene impingement. METHODS: This was a case-control study involving 70 retrieved highly cross-linked polyethylene (X3) liners used with ABGII (n = 35) and Rejuvenate (n = 35) stems (Stryker). All polyethylene liners were assessed for evidence of rim deformation and the damage quantified using metrology methods. RESULTS: A total of 80% of polyethylene liners paired with ABGII necks had macroscopic evidence of neck impingement resulting in a raised lip whilst 23% of liners paired with Rejuvenate necks had evidence of a raised lip (p < 0.0001). The height of the raised rims of the DM cups paired with ABGII necks had a median (range) of 139 μm (72-255). The height of the raised rims of the DM cups paired with Rejuvenate necks had a median (range) of 52 μm (45-90) (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Our new findings from retrieved dual mobility bearings showed that polyethylene liner rim deformation resulting from impingement with the femoral neck occurs in early in-human function, is circumferential in distribution, and is affected by the stem neck design. We recommend the use of highly polished and non-edged neck designs when used in conjunction with DM cups

A simple mathematical model of gradual Darwinian evolution: Emergence of a Gaussian trait distribution in adaptation along a fitness gradient

We consider a simple mathematical model of gradual Darwinian evolution in continuous time and continuous trait space, due to intraspecific competition for common resource in an asexually reproducing population in constant environment, while far from evolutionary stable equilibrium. The model admits exact analytical solution. In particular, Gaussian distribution of the trait emerges from generic initial conditions.Comment: 21 pages, 2 figures, as accepted to J Math Biol 2013/03/1

Integration of bow-tie plasmonic nano-antennas on tapered fibers

FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPIn this article, a new and flexible approach to control the electric field enhancement of bow-tie nano-antennas by integrating them on the lateral of a tapered optical fiber is proposed. The device is driven by a Q-switched laser and the performance of a fabricated nano-antenna in a quartz slide is tested by a Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) experiment. A refractive index sensing experiment is also performed and a sensitivity of (240 +/- 30) nm/RIU is found in the 1.33-1.35 index range.25889868996FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP2014/50632-6The Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development (AOARD US Air Force FA2386-15-1-4084); Australian Research Council (ARC LP160100253); and Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) (#2014/50632-6)

UK Housing Market: Time Series Processes with Independent and Identically Distributed Residuals

The paper examines whether a univariate data generating process can be identified which explains the data by having residuals that are independent and identically distributed, as verified by the BDS test. The stationary first differenced natural log quarterly house price index is regressed, initially with a constant variance and then with a conditional variance. The only regression function that produces independent and identically distributed standardised residuals is a mean process based on a pure random walk format with Exponential GARCH in mean for the conditional variance. There is an indication of an asymmetric volatility feedback effect but higher frequency data is required to confirm this. There could be scope for forecasting the index but this is tempered by the reduction in the power of the BDS test if there is a non-linear conditional variance process

Evolvability in the fossil record

The concept of evolvability—the capacity of a population to produce and maintain evolutionarily relevant variation—has become increasingly prominent in evolutionary biology. Paleontology has a long history of investigating questions of evolvability, but paleontological thinking has tended to neglect recent discussions, because many tools used in the current evolvability literature are challenging to apply to the fossil record. The fundamental difficulty is how to disentangle whether the causes of evolutionary patterns arise from variational properties of traits or lineages rather than being due to selection and ecological success. Despite these obstacles, the fossil record offers unique and growing sources of data that capture evolutionary patterns of sustained duration and significance otherwise inaccessible to evolutionary biologists. Additionally, there exist a variety of strategic possibilities for combining prominent neontological approaches to evolvability with those from paleontology. We illustrate three of these possibilities with quantitative genetics, evolutionary developmental biology, and phylogenetic models of macroevolution. In conclusion, we provide a methodological schema that focuses on the conceptualization, measurement, and testing of hypotheses to motivate and provide guidance for future empirical and theoretical studies of evolvability in the fossil record

Synthesis of Diblocks Copolymers PCL-b-PLLA and Optimization of its Mechanical Characteristics

Biodegradable polymeric materials have a wide application in medicine, ecology and a number of other branches of industry. Overwhelming majority of such polymers is well exposed to the biodegradation, but they have mechanical properties which don’t correspond to the requirements of application areas. As a rule, these materials possess low elasticity. In this work, optimization of mechanical properties of biodegradable polymers and the search of structure of block polymer on the basis of e-caprolactone and L-lactide with the maximal elasticity are considered. The purpose of the work is to receive the diblock polymer with mechanical properties as close as possible to elastomer for medical devices. The task is reached due to application of design of experiment with the subsequent optimization of the received results. Maximization of elongation at maximum load of received polymer is solved by the greatest possible reduction of crystallinity with a variation of molar weight of both part of diblock: polycaprolactone and polylactide. The absolute maximum of elongation at maximum load of synthesized diblock polymers is found. It is established that diblock with the following structure possesses the best mechanical properties in this class of polymers. Molar weight of the polycaprolactone block is 5000 Da while polylactide block is 7000 Da. Elongation at maximum load of this polymer was about 30%. In the second stage of our research, we try to improve the mechanical properties by making one block partly random (PCL-co-PLLA). Second block was made from homopolymer (PLLA). Maximum received elongation at break is 200%. First block of this polymer contains 25% of lactide, has molar weight of 10000 Da. Second block is the pure polylactide, with molar weight 10000 Da. All the experimental results and mathematical modeling pointing direction to maximum elongation could be achieved by multi-block structures