Extracting semantics for information extraction

Text documents are one of the means to store information.These documents can be found on personal desktop computers, intranets and in the Web. Thus the valuable knowledge is embedded in an unstructured form. Having an automated system that can extract information from the texts is very desirable.However, the major challenging issue in developing such an automated system is a natural language is not free from ambiguity and uncertainty problems.Thus semantic extraction remains a challenging task to researchers in this area.In this paper, a new framework to extract semantics for information extraction is proposed, where possibility theory, fuzzy sets, and knowledge about the subject and preceding sentence have been used as the key in resolving the ambiguity and uncertainty problems

Sequestering atmospheric CO₂ inorganically:a solution for Malaysia's CO₂ emission

Malaysia is anticipating an increase of 68.86% in CO2 emission in 2020, compared with the 2000 baseline, reaching 285.73 million tonnes. A major contributor to Malaysia's CO2 emissions is coal-fired electricity power plants, responsible for 43.4% of the overall emissions. Malaysia's forest soil offers organic sequestration of 15 tonnes of CO2 ha(-1) year(-1). Unlike organic CO2 sequestration in soil, inorganic sequestration of CO2 through mineral carbonation, once formed, is considered as a permanent sink. Inorganic CO2 sequestration in Malaysia has not been extensively studied, and the country's potential for using the technique for atmospheric CO2 removal is undefined. In addition, Malaysia produces a significant amount of solid waste annually and, of that, demolition concrete waste, basalt quarry fine, and fly and bottom ashes are calcium-rich materials suitable for inorganic CO2 sequestration. This project introduces a potential solution for sequestering atmospheric CO2 inorganically for Malaysia. If lands associated to future developments in Malaysia are designed for inorganic CO2 sequestration using demolition concrete waste, basalt quarry fine, and fly and bottom ashes, 597,465 tonnes of CO2 can be captured annually adding a potential annual economic benefit of (sic)4,700,000.</p

An automated text summarization methodology

Most of the information is embedded in a long text documents.Having a summarizer that can produce a summary from the texts automatically is very desirable.This paper presents an introduction of an automated text summarization system by addressing the history of summarization and its existing application tools, and proposes a methodology for an automated text summarization.The proposed methodology utilized possibility and probability theory in the sentence extraction and sentence abstraction.The possibility and probability are also utilized in identifying relevant words and term occurrences techniques

Effect of Gliricidia sepium leaves and molases inclusion on aerobic stability, value and digestibility of Napier grass silage

Most tropical roughage feeds are generally deficient in nitrogen, energy or some minerals and vitamins. A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of adding Gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) leaves and molasses to Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) silage. Silage were prepared from Napier grass and mixed with Gliricidia and molasses. There were four treatments involved which were NG, containing Napier grass only which was the experiment control, GS containing Napier grass mixed with 5% Gliricidia leaves, ML containing the Napier grass mixed with 5% molasses, and MG containing Napier grass mixed with 5% molasses and 5% Gliricidia leaves. The treatments were analyzed for aerobic stability, dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), and digestibility. There were no significant differences in aerobic stability of silage between treatments, and the treatments with Gliricidia were higher in crude protein (p<0.05) and had better digestibility (p<0.05) when compared to the control. In conclusion, Gliricidia leaves as additives to Napier grass silage can improve its nutritive value and quality

A novel green antenna phase-shift system with data acquisition boards

A novel green phase shifter system is proposed in this research. The system is developed by a combination of reconfigurable beam steering antennas and data acquisition (DAQ) boards. A combination of two reconfigurable beam steering antennas, located side-by-side, forms a spatial configuration structure with a fabricated ‘green’ element plank of rice husk placed in between. The concept of a spatial configuration technique has been ‘mutated’ by shifting the structure of spiral feed line and aperture slots of first beam steering antenna by as much as 45 ◦ . The PIN diode switches connected to the DAQ boards enable the intelligent capability of the spatial antennas. The activation of certain degree radiation patterns of either the first beam steering antenna or the second beam steering antenna depends on the memory of the DAQ boards — Beam Manager. When an intruder comes from the cardinal angles of 0◦/ 360◦, 90◦, 180◦, or 270◦, its range and angles’ location will be automatically detected by the first antenna through the output ports of the 1st DAQ: P1.0, P1.1, P1.2, and P1.3. The second antenna is then activated by the output ports of the 2nd DAQ: P2.0 up to P2.3, to adaptively maneuver the beam towards four different ordinal directions of 45◦, 135◦, 225◦, and 315◦

Bulk CO2/CH4 separation for offshore operating conditions using membrane process

The increasing demands of natural gas pushes energy industries to explore the reservoirs contain high CO2 concentration and impurities including heavy hydrocarbons. High efficiency of using membrane technology in CO2-natural gas separation has extended its potential application to offshore environment. Due to the limited studies related with the separation of CO2 under offshore conditions, the present work has investigated the separation performance of a commercial membrane in removing bulk CO2 from methane at elevated pressure condition. A wide range of offshore operating conditions including pressure from 10 to 50 bar, CO2 concentration from 25 to 70% and temperature of 30oC, 40oC and 50oC were studied. High relative CO2 permeance and relative CO2/CH4 selectivity were observed when the pressure and the CO2 concentration increased. This work, therefore substantial is to bridge the gap and facilitates the application of membrane technology for offshore operating conditions