Rhodium/phospholane-phosphite catalysts give unusually high regioselectivity in the enantioselective hydroformylation of vinyl arenes

Using the phospholane-phosphite ligand, BOBPHOS, almost perfect regioselectivities and high enantioselectivities (up to 92% ee) are observed in Rh catalysed enantioselective hydroformylation of vinyl arenes. This can be achieved under solvent-free conditions.PostprintPeer reviewe

Exercise redox biochemistry:conceptual, methodological and technical recommendations

Exercise redox biochemistry is of considerable interest owing to its translational value in health and disease. However, unaddressed conceptual, methodological and technical issues complicate attempts to unravel how exercise alters redox homeostasis in health and disease. Conceptual issues relate to misunderstandings that arise when the chemical heterogeneity of redox biology is disregarded which often complicate attempts to use redox-active compounds and assess redox signalling. Further, that oxidised macromolecule adduct levels reflect formation and repair is seldom considered. Methodological and technical issues relate to the use of out-dated assays and/or inappropriate sample preparation techniques that confound biochemical redox analysis. After considering each of the aforementioned issues, we outline how each issue can be resolved and provide a unifying set of recommendations. We specifically recommend that investigators: consider chemical heterogeneity, use redox-active compounds judiciously, abandon flawed assays, carefully prepare samples and assay buffers, consider repair/metabolism, use multiple biomarkers to assess oxidative damage and redox signalling

P4_5 Atmospheric ODSTs

In this paper the maximum acceleration on the ODST and the pod was found to be $-4g$, with a braking thrusters force of $14100$ N during the last $50$ m of descent. This deceleration brings the impact velocity of the pod to below velocity of $1$ ms$^{-1}$, should the braking thrusters fail to fire the pod will hit the ground with a velocity of $43.2$ ms$^{-1}$ killing the trooper

P4_4 Snorlax used Body Slam

In this paper we consider the maximum strength of Ash's Snorlax, from the Pokemon original TV series, this will occur when the Snorlax jumps as high as it can. The maximum height of the jump was calculated to be 41.8 m, the velocity it impacts the ground with is 28.1 ms^-1 and the momentum of the Snorlax when it hits the ground is 12,900 kgms^-1

P4_3 Light Ordnance

In this paper we consider a weapon system that fires a laser at an interplanetary vessel. We calculate the energy required to melt through a vessel’s armoured hull, of thickness 0.254 m, from a shot from a laser with a calibre of 16 inches. The energy required is found to be E = 34449 J. Using this energy, the recoil of the laser firing was calculated to be ρ = 1.15x10−4 kgms−1

P4_6 Wind swept

This paper discusses the plausibility of the thruster in the Iron Man suit being used as weapons to push a human back. It was determined that the shock-wave produced by the change in temperature due to the thrusters would produce a force of $183$ kN on a person it was shot at, this would cause the person to accelerate at $2614$ ms$^{-2}$ killing the person

P4_2 How to fly your dragon

In this paper we calculate the minimum area and length of a dragon’s wing for it to be able to fly. The minimum area was calculated to be 224m^2 and the length was 35.6m

Identifying differences in swimming speed fluctuation in age-group swimmers by statistical parametric mapping: a biomechanical assessment for performance development

The aim of this study was to compare the assessment of swimming speed processed as a discrete variable and as a continuous variable in young swimmers. One-hundred and twenty young swimmers (60 boys: age = 12.91 ± 0.86 years; 60 girls: age = 12.46 ± 0.94 years) were analysed. The dataset for each sex was divided into three tiers: (i) tier #1 - best-performing swimmers; (ii) tier #2: intermediate-performing swimmers, and; (iii) tier #3 - poorest-performing swimmers. As a discrete variable, swimming speed showed significant sex and tier effects, and a significant sex*tier interaction (p < 0.001). Speed fluctuation showed a nonsignificant sex effect (p > 0.05), a significant tier effect (p < 0.001), and a non-significant sex*tier interaction (p > 0.05). As a continuous variable, the swimming speed time-curve presented significant sex and tier effects (p < 0.001) throughout the stroke cycle, and a significant sex*tier interaction (p < 0.05) in some moments of the stroke cycle. Swimming speed fluctuation analysed as a discrete variable and as a continuous variable can be used in a complementary way. Nonetheless, SPM can provide deeper insight into differences within the stroke cycle. Thus, coaches and practitioners should be aware that different knowledge about the swimmers’ stroke cycle can be learned by assessing swimming speed using both methods.This work is supported by national funds (FCT - Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology) under the project UIDB/DTP/04045/2020. The experiments comply with the current laws of the country in which they were performed. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are not publicly available, but are available from the corresponding author who was an organizer of the study.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio