The Regulation of Public Broadcasters' News Coverage of Political Actors in Ten European Union Countries.

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación comparada realizada sobre la regulación de la cobertura de la información política en diez operadores públicos europeos. En concreto, el estudio investiga si existe regulación del pluralismo político, tanto para períodos electorales como ordinarios, aplicable a los informativos diarios. Aquí se proporcionan los resultados para cada país y las conclusiones comparadas. Los datos informan de diferentes grados de politizacion de la regulación, según el uso de criterios cualitativos o cuantitativos. La investigación también describe cuales són los sistemas de control del pluralismo político en los diez países estudiados

Host preference of Culicidae (Diptera) collected in central Argentina

In order to study the host preference of female mosquitoes, samples were taken fortnightly in Cordoba and Cosquin (Argentina), during October-April of two consecutive years. Four different vertebrates were used in baited-can traps: frogs, chickens, rabbits and turtles. The genus Culex acounted for 92.9% of the specimens collected, Aedes for 7.0% and Psorophora ciliata 0.02%. The highest proportion of females were collected in chicken traps (68.7%), followed by rabbit traps (29.9%), turtles (0.8%) and frogs (0.5%), thus the majority of the mosquitoes were collected in traps with homeotermous hosts. Only Culex dolosus fed on all the hosts. Culex acharistus, Cx. chidesteri and Cx. quinquefasciatus fed on chickens, rabbits and turtles. Aedes albifasciatus, Ae. scapularis, Cx. bidens and Cx. coronator fed on both homeotermous hosts. Culex apicinus, Cx. maxi, Cx. saltanensis and Cx. spinosus fed only on chickens and Ps. ciliata only on rabbits.Con el propósito de estudiar la preferencia de hospedadores vertebrados por mosquitos hembras, durante 2 períodos octubre-abril (primavera-verano), se realizaron muestreos cada 15 días en Córdoba y Cosquín (Argentina). Se utilizaron trampas de latón con cebo animal: anfibios (sapos), aves (pollos), mamíferos (conejos) y reptiles (tortugas). El 92,9% de los especímenes recolectados pertenecen al género Culex, mientras que un 7,0% corresponde a Aedes y el 0,02% restante a Psorophora ciliata, única especie que se capturó de ese género. En trampas con pollo se recolectó el mayor número de hembras (68,7%), siguiendo en orden las trampas con conejos (29,9%), con tortugas (0,8%) y con sapos (0,5%), por lo tanto, la mayoría de los mosquitos entraron en las trampas con hospedadores homeotermos. Culex dolosus se alimentó sobre todos los cebos, mientras que Cx. acharistus, Cx. chidesteri y Cx. quinquefasciatus se alimentaron sobre pollos, conejos y tortugas; Ae. albifasciatus, Ae. scapularis, Cx. bidens y Cx. coronator lo hicieron sobre ambos hospedadores homeotermos; Cx. apicinus, Cx. maxi, Cx. saltanensis y Cx. spinosus se alimentaron solamente sobre pollos y Ps. ciliata sobre conejos.Com o propósito de estudar a preferência de mosquitos fêmeas por hospedeiros vertebrados, realizaram-se amostragens quinzenais nas cidades de Córdoba e Cosquín (Argentina), durante o período de outubro a abril (primavera-verão), por dois anos consecutivos. Utilizaram-se armadilhas com iscas animais: anfíbios, aves, mamíferos e répteis. Dos espécimes coletados, 92,9% pertenciam ao gênero Culex, 7,0% a Aedes e 0,02% a Psorophora ciliata, única espécie coletada desse gênero. A maior proporçãoo de fêmeas (68,7%) foi capturada em armadilhas iscadas com galinhas, seguindo-se em ordem as armadilhas com coelhos (29,9%), com tartarugas (0,8%) e com anfíbios (0,05%). Assim, a maioria dos mosquitos foi coletada em armadilhas com hospedeiros homeotermos. Culex dolosus alimentou-se em todas as iscas, enquanto que Cx. acharistus, Cx. chidesteri e Cx. quinquefasciatus em galinhas, coelhos e tartarugas; Ae. albifasciatus, Ae. scapularis, Cx. bidens e Cx. coronator fizeram-no em ambos hospedeiros homeotermos; Cx. apicinus, Cx. maxi, Cx. saltanensis e Cx. spinosus alimentaram-se apenas em galinhas e Ps. ciliata em coelhos

Social perception on Science and Technology in the northeastern provinces of Argentina.

Se presentan datos de la percepción social  de  la  Ciencia  y  la  Tecnología  de  los habitantes  de  la  región  nordeste  de  Argentina  que  reflejan  una  sociedad  con moderada  cultura  científica  y  tecnológica. La  cuestión  "que  imagen  tiene  de  la  ciencia"   se  utilizó  para  realizar  una valoración general donde más de la mitad de  los  encuestados  tuvo  una  opinión positiva.  Sin  embargo,  solo  el  14%  de  la muestra  considera  que  la  Ciencia  y  la Tecnología  mejoran  la  calidad  de  la  vida  humana.  Se  propone  la  generación  de cultura  científica  a  través  de  la  participación  de  los  actores  sociales involucrados,  estimulados  por  los  organismos  públicos  responsables  del desarrollo  científico  y  tecnológico.  Los  resultados  pueden  ser  utilizados  para  la toma  de  decisiones  bien informadas en  el  desenvolvimiento  social  y  la  participación ciudadana;  además,  para  orientar  la  política científica y tecnológica.This paper presents data related to the social perception of science and technology to the people of the northeast of Argentina of the country that reflect a society with moderate scientific and technological culture. The question "what image has of science" was used to make a general assessment where more than half of surveyed had a positive opinion. However, only 14% of the sample believes that science and technology improve the quality of human life.We propose the generation of scientific culture through the participation of the social actors involved, stimulated by public agencies responsible for the scientific and technological development. The results can be used for making informed decisions in the social development and citizen participation, in addition to guide scientific and technological policy.Fil: Juarez, Rolando Pablo. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Odontologia. Secretaria de Investigacion. Gabinete de Inv.interd.de Prevencion Salud y Epidemologia; Argentina;Fil: Martinez, Sandra Edda. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Odontologia. Departamento de Clinicas Integradas;Fil: Dho, María Silvina. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Odontologia. Secretaria de Investigacion. Gabinete de Inv.interd.de Prevencion Salud y Epidemologia;Fil: Vaculik, Patricia. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Odontologia. Secretaria de Investigacion. Gabinete de Inv.interd.de Prevencion Salud y Epidemologia;Fil: Llarens, Adriana N.. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Odontologia. Secretaria de Investigacion. Gabinete de Inv.interd.de Prevencion Salud y Epidemologia;Fil: Cúndom, Juan M.. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Odontologia. Secretaria de Investigacion. Gabinete de Inv.interd.de Prevencion Salud y Epidemologia;Fil: Almirón, María. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Odontologia. Secretaria de Investigacion. Gabinete de Inv.interd.de Prevencion Salud y Epidemologia

Predictive model to identify multiple failure to biological therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Despite advances in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the wide range of therapies available, there is a percentage of patients whose treatment presents a challenge for clinicians due to lack of response to multiple biologic and target-specific disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs).To develop and validate an algorithm to predict multiple failure to biological therapy in patients with RA.Observational retrospective study involving subjects from a cohort of patients with RA receiving b/tsDMARDs.Based on the number of prior failures to b/tsDMARDs, patients were classified as either multi-refractory (MR) or non-refractory (NR). Patient characteristics were considered in the statistical analysis to design the predictive model, selecting those variables with a predictive capability. A decision algorithm known as 'classification and regression tree' (CART) was developed to create a prediction model of multi-drug resistance. Performance of the prediction algorithm was evaluated in an external independent cohort using area under the curve (AUC).A total of 136 patients were included: 51 MR and 85 NR. The CART model was able to predict multiple failures to b/tsDMARDs using disease activity score-28 (DAS-28) values at 6 months after the start time of the initial b/tsDMARD, as well as DAS-28 improvement in the first 6 months and baseline DAS-28. The CART model showed a capability to correctly classify 94.1% NR and 87.5% MR patients with a sensitivity = 0.88, a specificity = 0.94, and an AUC = 0.89 (95% CI: 0.74-1.00). In the external validation cohort, 35 MR and 47 NR patients were included. The AUC value for the CART model in this cohort was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.73-0.9).Our model correctly classified NR and MR patients based on simple measurements available in routine clinical practice, which provides the possibility to characterize and individualize patient treatments during early stages.© The Author(s), 2022

Biochemical algorithm to identify individuals with ALPL variants among subjects with persistent hypophosphatasaemia

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare and underdiagnosed condition characterized by deficient bone and teeth mineralization. The aim of this study was first, to evaluate the diagnostic utility of employing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) threshold levels to identify adults with variants in ALPL among individuals with persistently low ALP levels and second, to determine the value of also including its substrates (serum pyridoxal-5′-phosphate—PLP—and urinary phosphoetanolamine-PEA) for this purpose in order to create a biochemical algorithm that could facilitate the diagnostic work-up of HPP. Results: The study population comprised 77 subjects with persistent hypophosphatasaemia. They were divided into two groups according to the presence (+GT) or absence (−GT) of pathogenic ALPL variants: 40 +GT and 37 −GT. Diagnostic utility measures were calculated for different ALP thresholds and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were employed to determine PLP and PEA optimal cut-off levels to predict the presence of variants. The optimal threshold for ALP was 25 IU/L; for PLP, 180 nmol/L and for PEA, 30 µmol/g creatinine. Biochemical predictive models were assessed using binary logistic regression analysis and bootstrapping machine learning technique and results were then validated. For ALP 180 nmol/L) that when combined, seem to be very useful to identify individuals with ALPL variant

Caracterización de criaderos de mosquitos Culex (Diptera: Culicidae) en la costa sur de la Laguna Mar Chiquita, Córdoba, Argentina

Los mosquitos Cu/ex presentan interés sanitario por ser vectores de patógenos. Sus estados inmaduros se desarrollan en ambientes acuáticos de carácter permanente o semipermanente.Fil: Rocamundi, Nicolás. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Porcel de Peralta, Jorgelina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Almirón, Walter R. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Visintin, Andrés M. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba; Argentina.Zoología, Ornitología, Entomología, Etologí

A decade of arbovirus emergence in the temperate southern cone of South America : dengue, Aedes aegypti and climate dynamics in Córdoba, Argentina

Background: Argentina is located at the southern temperate range of arboviral transmission by the mosquito Aedes aegypti and has experienced a rapid increase in disease transmission in recent years. Here we present findings from an entomological surveillance study that began in Córdoba, Argentina, following the emergence of dengue in 2009. Methods: From 2009 to 2017, larval surveys were conducted monthly, from November to May, in 600 randomly selected households distributed across the city. From 2009 to 2013, ovitraps (n = 177) were sampled weekly to monitor the oviposition activity of Ae. aegypti. We explored seasonal and interannual dynamics of entomological variables and dengue transmission. Cross correlation analysis was used to identify significant lag periods. Results: Aedes aegypti were detected over the entire study period, and abundance peaked during the summer months (January to March). We identified a considerable increase in the proportion of homes with juvenile Ae. aegypti over the study period (from 5.7% of homes in 2009-10 to 15.4% of homes in 2016-17). Aedes aegypti eggs per ovitrap and larval abundance were positively associated with temperature in the same month. Autochthonous dengue transmission peaked in April, following a peak in imported dengue cases in March; autochthonous dengue was not positively associated with vector or climate variables. Conclusions: This longitudinal study provides insights into the complex dynamics of arbovirus transmission and vector populations in a temperate region of arbovirus emergence. Our findings suggest that Córdoba is well suited for arbovirus disease transmission, given the stable and abundant vector populations. Further studies are needed to better understand the role of regional human movement.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Calentamiento solar de agua para un hábitat social sustentable: estrategias y herramientas para su promoción y adopción

Sus objetivos son: a) Promover la calidad de vida de la población de menores recursos, y en general, mediante el desarrollo y la difusión de estrategias y dispositivos que aprovechen la energía solar; b) Demostrar su conveniencia y eficacia para el calentamiento de agua; c) Acercar al sector herramientas asequibles a los requerimientos de confort, higiene y cuidado ambiental; d) Impulsar el desarrollo de recursos humanos comprometidos con la realidad social y ecológica actual; e) Aportar soluciones alternativas en el Campo del Hábitat. Las Acciones desarrolladas y Productos alcanzados se enmarcan en 5 Ejes: a) Investigación sobre el Diseño y Promoción de sistemas para el calentamiento solar de agua; b) Desarrollo de 2 Prototipos Didácticos a escala; c) Experimentación: del Prototipo 2 pues el 1 está en construcción; d) Evaluación y Monitoreo de lo realizado; e) Transferencia: en zonas rurales. La evaluación pudo corroborar: a) el eficaz funcionamiento del Prototipo 2 -en períodos breves, elevó la temperatura del agua entre 60° y 70°C- sobrepasando los niveles requeridos, p.ej. para higiene personal (45-55°C); b) el bajo costo de ambos prototipos en relación a un sistema convencional (calefón a leña).The objectives are: a) to promote the quality of life of the low-income population, and in general, through the development and dissemination strategies and devices that leverage the solar energy; b) to demonstrate its convenience and efficiency for water heating; c) to give tools to the sector for the comfort, hygiene and environmental care requirements; d) promote the development of human resources committed to the social and ecological reality; and e) to provide alternative solutions in the field of Habitat. The actions and products are developed into 5 axes: a) Research on the design and promotion systems for solar water heating; b) Development of 2 Didactic Prototype; c) Experimentation: the Prototype 2 was evaluated but the Prototype 1 is until under construction; d) Evaluation and Monitoring; and e) Transfer: in rural areas. The evaluation could corroborate: a) the effective functioning of the Prototype 2: in shorter periods rose the water temperature between 60° and 70° C exceeding the levels required for personal hygiene (45- 55°C); b) the low-cost of the both prototypes in relationship to a conventional system (heating water with firewood).Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Calentamiento solar de agua para un hábitat social sustentable: estrategias y herramientas para su promoción y adopción

Sus objetivos son: a) Promover la calidad de vida de la población de menores recursos, y en general, mediante el desarrollo y la difusión de estrategias y dispositivos que aprovechen la energía solar; b) Demostrar su conveniencia y eficacia para el calentamiento de agua; c) Acercar al sector herramientas asequibles a los requerimientos de confort, higiene y cuidado ambiental; d) Impulsar el desarrollo de recursos humanos comprometidos con la realidad social y ecológica actual; e) Aportar soluciones alternativas en el Campo del Hábitat. Las Acciones desarrolladas y Productos alcanzados se enmarcan en 5 Ejes: a) Investigación sobre el Diseño y Promoción de sistemas para el calentamiento solar de agua; b) Desarrollo de 2 Prototipos Didácticos a escala; c) Experimentación: del Prototipo 2 pues el 1 está en construcción; d) Evaluación y Monitoreo de lo realizado; e) Transferencia: en zonas rurales. La evaluación pudo corroborar: a) el eficaz funcionamiento del Prototipo 2 -en períodos breves, elevó la temperatura del agua entre 60° y 70°C- sobrepasando los niveles requeridos, p.ej. para higiene personal (45-55°C); b) el bajo costo de ambos prototipos en relación a un sistema convencional (calefón a leña).The objectives are: a) to promote the quality of life of the low-income population, and in general, through the development and dissemination strategies and devices that leverage the solar energy; b) to demonstrate its convenience and efficiency for water heating; c) to give tools to the sector for the comfort, hygiene and environmental care requirements; d) promote the development of human resources committed to the social and ecological reality; and e) to provide alternative solutions in the field of Habitat. The actions and products are developed into 5 axes: a) Research on the design and promotion systems for solar water heating; b) Development of 2 Didactic Prototype; c) Experimentation: the Prototype 2 was evaluated but the Prototype 1 is until under construction; d) Evaluation and Monitoring; and e) Transfer: in rural areas. The evaluation could corroborate: a) the effective functioning of the Prototype 2: in shorter periods rose the water temperature between 60° and 70° C exceeding the levels required for personal hygiene (45- 55°C); b) the low-cost of the both prototypes in relationship to a conventional system (heating water with firewood).Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Calentamiento solar de agua para un hábitat social sustentable: estrategias y herramientas para su promoción y adopción

Sus objetivos son: a) Promover la calidad de vida de la población de menores recursos, y en general, mediante el desarrollo y la difusión de estrategias y dispositivos que aprovechen la energía solar; b) Demostrar su conveniencia y eficacia para el calentamiento de agua; c) Acercar al sector herramientas asequibles a los requerimientos de confort, higiene y cuidado ambiental; d) Impulsar el desarrollo de recursos humanos comprometidos con la realidad social y ecológica actual; e) Aportar soluciones alternativas en el Campo del Hábitat. Las Acciones desarrolladas y Productos alcanzados se enmarcan en 5 Ejes: a) Investigación sobre el Diseño y Promoción de sistemas para el calentamiento solar de agua; b) Desarrollo de 2 Prototipos Didácticos a escala; c) Experimentación: del Prototipo 2 pues el 1 está en construcción; d) Evaluación y Monitoreo de lo realizado; e) Transferencia: en zonas rurales. La evaluación pudo corroborar: a) el eficaz funcionamiento del Prototipo 2 -en períodos breves, elevó la temperatura del agua entre 60° y 70°C- sobrepasando los niveles requeridos, p.ej. para higiene personal (45-55°C); b) el bajo costo de ambos prototipos en relación a un sistema convencional (calefón a leña).The objectives are: a) to promote the quality of life of the low-income population, and in general, through the development and dissemination strategies and devices that leverage the solar energy; b) to demonstrate its convenience and efficiency for water heating; c) to give tools to the sector for the comfort, hygiene and environmental care requirements; d) promote the development of human resources committed to the social and ecological reality; and e) to provide alternative solutions in the field of Habitat. The actions and products are developed into 5 axes: a) Research on the design and promotion systems for solar water heating; b) Development of 2 Didactic Prototype; c) Experimentation: the Prototype 2 was evaluated but the Prototype 1 is until under construction; d) Evaluation and Monitoring; and e) Transfer: in rural areas. The evaluation could corroborate: a) the effective functioning of the Prototype 2: in shorter periods rose the water temperature between 60° and 70° C exceeding the levels required for personal hygiene (45- 55°C); b) the low-cost of the both prototypes in relationship to a conventional system (heating water with firewood).Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES