ANÁLISE DAS PRESSÕES HORIZONTAIS EM SILO VERTICAL DE PAREDE LISA CONSIDERANDO PARÂMETROS NORMATIVOS ESTRANGEIROS

The determination of the intensity and distribution of pressures during discharge still presents considerable difficulties, since it is a complex phenomenon on which pressures depend. Thus, the present work employs the equations presented in bs EN 1991/4 (2006) to determine the representative asytote of the distribution of pressures along the body of a prototype stainless steel silo with 1 mm wall thickness, presenting by dimensions of 2.50 m height and 0.64 m in diameter, for corn grain storage. Flow properties were determined using Jenike Shear Cell. The result of horizontal pressures lower than the standardized values was obtained, thus evidencing an increase in the standardized values due to the safety coefficients imposed.La determinación de la intensidad y distribución de las presiones durante la descarga todavía presenta dificultades considerables, ya que es un fenómeno complejo del que dependen las presiones. Así, el presente trabajo emplea las ecuaciones presentadas en bs EN 1991/4 (2006) para determinar el asinto representativo de la distribución de presiones a lo largo del cuerpo de un prototipo de silo de acero inoxidable con 1 mm de espesor de pared, presentándose por dimensiones de 2,50 m de altura y 0,64 m de diámetro, para el almacenamiento de grano de maíz. Las propiedades de flujo se determinaron utilizando Jenike Shear Cell. Se obtuvo el resultado de presiones horizontales inferiores a los valores estandarizados, evidenciando así un aumento en los valores estandarizados debido a los coeficientes de seguridad impuestos.A elevada produção agrícola brasileira não dispõe de espaço de armazenamento suficiente, desta forma os silos verticais surgem coma uma solução para este problema, a determinação da intensidade e distribuição das pressões durante carga e descarga em silos verticias, apresenta dificuldades consideráveis, uma vez que se trata de um fenômeno complexo em que as pressões dependem. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho possui o objetivo de analisar as preeões horizontais em silo vertical e comparar os resultados com as normas estrangeiras. O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratório de Beneficiamento de Sementes, anexo ao Laboratório de Armazenamento e Processamento de Produtos Agrícolas e no Laboratório de Construções Rurais e Ambiência na Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, empregando as equações apresentadas na norma BS EN 1991/4 (2006) para determinar a assíntota representativa da distribuição das pressões ao longo do corpo de um silo protótipo em aço inox com 1 mm de espessura de parede, apresentando por dimensões de 2,50 m de altura e 0,64 m de diâmetro, para armazenamento de grãos de milho. As propriedades de fluxo foram determinadas utilizando o Jenike Shear Cell. Obteve-se resultado de pressões horizontais experimentais inferiores aos valores normatizados, evidenciando assim uma majoração dos valores normatizados devido aos coeficientes de segurança impostos

Investigating the role of symptom valorisation in tuberculosis patient delay in urban areas in Portugal

URBANTB group: Patrícia Soares (Representative of the consortium), Mário Carreira, Sofia Pereira, Catarina Alves, Filipe Alves, Ana Rodrigues, Ana Moreira, Márcia Cardoso, Sandra Mota, Ana Gomes, Liliana Ferreira, Marta Lopes, Isabel Correia, Juan Rachadell, Maria Gameiro, Ângela Dias, Manuel Pereira, Jorge Gonçalves, Maria Gonçalves, Adriana Taveira, Celene Neves, Lucinda Silva, Maria Mendes, Maria Teixeira, Maria Pereira, Milena Piedade, Antónia Teixeira & Carlos Carvalho.Background: Diagnosis delay contributes to increased tuberculosis (TB) transmission and morbimortality. TB incidence has been decreasing in Portugal, but median patient delay (PD) has risen. Symptom valorisation may determine PD by influencing help-seeking behaviour. We aimed to analyse the association between symptom valorisation and PD, while characterising individuals who disregarded their symptoms. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among TB patients in Lisbon and Oporto in 2019 - 2021. Subjects who delayed seeking care because they did not value their symptoms or thought these would go away on their own were considered to have disregarded their symptoms. PD was categorised using a 21-day cut-off, and a 30-day cut-off for sensitivity analysis. We estimated the effect of symptom valorisation on PD through a directed acyclic graph. Then, a multivariable regression analysis characterised patients that disregarded their symptoms, adjusting for relevant variables. We fitted Poisson regression models to estimate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR). Results: The study included 75 patients. Median PD was 25 days (IQR 11.5-63.5), and 56.0% of participants had PD exceeding 21 days. Symptom disregard was reported by 38.7% of patients. Patients who did not value their symptoms had higher prevalence of PD exceeding 21 days compared to those who valued their symptoms [PR 1.59 (95% CI 1.05-2.42)]. The sensitivity analysis showed consistent point estimates but wider confidence intervals [PR 1.39 (95% CI 0.77-2.55)]. Being a smoker was a risk factor for symptom disregard [PR 2.35 (95% CI 1.14-4.82)], while living in Oporto [PR 0.35 (95% CI 0.16-0.75)] and having higher household incomes [PR 0.39 (95% CI 0.17-0.94)] were protective factors. Conclusions: These findings emphasise the importance of symptom valorisation in timely TB diagnosis. Patients who did not value their symptoms had longer PD, indicating a need for interventions to improve symptom recognition. Our findings also corroborate the importance of the socioeconomic determinants of health, highlighting tobacco as a risk factor both for TB and for PD.This work was supported by the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) [Grant: PTDC/SAU-PUB/31346/2017]. The present publication was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) national support through Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC) [UIDP/04923/2020].info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Doenças endocrinológicas com repercussões psiquiátricas: revisão sistemática / Endocrinological disorders with psychiatric repercussions: a systematic review

O objetivo do estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática de literatura sobre doenças endocrinológicas com repercussões psiquiátricas. Para isso, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática de literatura, através de uma busca nas bases de dados Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Google Scholar e Scientific Electronic Library Online, utilizando-se os descritores: Endocrinology, Mental Disorders, Psychiatric Symptoms, Cushing’s syndrome, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Addison disease. Através disso, foram selecionados 12 artigos que compunham os critérios de inclusão e exclusão do presente estudo. Dessa forma, destaca-se que os estudos evidenciaram que diversos são as repercussões psiquiátricas em pacientes com doenças endocrinológicas, variando desde transtornos de ansiedade, depressão, transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperatividade e psicose, cabendo aos profissionais o diagnóstico correto e em tempo hábil para auxiliar na qualidade de vida do indivíduo. 

SARS-CoV-2 introductions and early dynamics of the epidemic in Portugal

Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal was rapidly implemented by the National Institute of Health in the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic, in collaboration with more than 50 laboratories distributed nationwide. Methods By applying recent phylodynamic models that allow integration of individual-based travel history, we reconstructed and characterized the spatio-temporal dynamics of SARSCoV-2 introductions and early dissemination in Portugal. Results We detected at least 277 independent SARS-CoV-2 introductions, mostly from European countries (namely the United Kingdom, Spain, France, Italy, and Switzerland), which were consistent with the countries with the highest connectivity with Portugal. Although most introductions were estimated to have occurred during early March 2020, it is likely that SARS-CoV-2 was silently circulating in Portugal throughout February, before the first cases were confirmed. Conclusions Here we conclude that the earlier implementation of measures could have minimized the number of introductions and subsequent virus expansion in Portugal. This study lays the foundation for genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal, and highlights the need for systematic and geographically-representative genomic surveillance.We gratefully acknowledge to Sara Hill and Nuno Faria (University of Oxford) and Joshua Quick and Nick Loman (University of Birmingham) for kindly providing us with the initial sets of Artic Network primers for NGS; Rafael Mamede (MRamirez team, IMM, Lisbon) for developing and sharing a bioinformatics script for sequence curation (https://github.com/rfm-targa/BioinfUtils); Philippe Lemey (KU Leuven) for providing guidance on the implementation of the phylodynamic models; Joshua L. Cherry (National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health) for providing guidance with the subsampling strategies; and all authors, originating and submitting laboratories who have contributed genome data on GISAID (https://www.gisaid.org/) on which part of this research is based. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the view of the National Institutes of Health, the Department of Health and Human Services, or the United States government. This study is co-funded by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and Agência de Investigação Clínica e Inovação Biomédica (234_596874175) on behalf of the Research 4 COVID-19 call. Some infrastructural resources used in this study come from the GenomePT project (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022184), supported by COMPETE 2020 - Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), Lisboa Portugal Regional Operational Programme (Lisboa2020), Algarve Portugal Regional Operational Programme (CRESC Algarve2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Subconjunto terminológico da classificação internacional para a prática de enfermagem (CIPE®) para assistência à amamentação: estudo de validação de conteúdo

Resumo Objetivo: Realizar a validação de conteúdo dos enunciados de diagnósticos, resultados e intervenções de enfermagem contidos no subconjunto terminológico da Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem (CIPE®) para assistência à mulher, à criança e à família em processo de amamentação. Métodos: Estudo de validação de conteúdo com 74 juízes que avaliaram 98 diagnósticos/resultados de enfermageme de 396 intervenções relacionadas aos diagnósticos/resultados validados. Resultados: Treze diagnósticos/resultados obtiveram IVC ≥ 0,8 (13,3%); 34 de 0,6 a 0,79 (34,7%) e; 51 menores que 0,6 (52%). Após a validação, para os diagnósticos “Falta de privacidade”, “Tomada de decisão pela amamentação, eficaz”, “Desempenho de papel de mãe, eficaz” e “Desempenho de papel de mãe, melhorado” foi necessário o estabelecimento de três enunciados de resultados de enfermagem. Na segunda etapa, 350 intervenções de enfermagem, obtiveram IVC ≥ 0,80. Conclusão: Foram validados 50 diagnósticos/resultados e 350 intervenções de enfermagem

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the seaweed Gracilaria birdiae and their antibacterial activity

AbstractThis work presents a simple method for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using as reducing and stabilizing agent a polysaccharide extracted from red algae Gracilaria birdiae present in the coast of Piauí. The AgNPS were prepared using three polysaccharide concentrations (0.02, 0.03 and 0.05% v/v) and two pHs (10 and 11) at stirring for 30min at 90°C. The formation of silver nanoparticles was monitored by measurements of UV–vis and FTIR and characterized by size and zeta potential measurements using DLS and morphologically by TEM. The UV–vis absorption spectrum showed the surface plasmon peak at 410nm, which is characteristic peak of silver nanoparticles. The functional biomolecules present in the polysaccharide and the interaction between the nanoparticles were identified by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The stability of the synthesized silver nanoparticles was analyzed during four months and no significant agglomeration was observed. The hydrodynamic diameter of the AgNPs varied between 20.2nm and 94.9nm. The AgNPs were tested for antimicrobial activity using Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and all samples showed antimicrobial activity against E. coli. Using an environment-friendly, the AgNPs were synthesized in a simple, rapid and one-step process using natural sources as red algae with favorable characteristics such as spherical shape, small size and zeta potential negative. The results suggest that the polysaccharide mediated synthesized silver nanoparticles could be used as a model for future projects of nano-medicines or drug delivery systems

Pharmacological properties of cashew (Anacardium occidentale)

Anacardium occidentale L. is a tree native to Brazil, which is rich in phenolic lipids. Nowadays, the cashew bark (Cashew Nut Shell Liquid) has received great attention in the pharmaceutical industry, due to its economy, abundance and important chemical compounds. Net of cashew nut shell is classified according to the method of production of: (1) net of the shell of natural cashew nut (60-65% anacardic acid; 15-20% cardol and 10% of cardanol) and (2) liquid from the technical cashew nut shell (60-65% of cardanol, 15-20% cardol and 10% of polymeric material). This work aims to report the pharmacological properties of liquids from cashew nut shells. Results suggest that both liquids have antifungal, antibacterial, antiparasitic, anti-tumor, antiulcerogenic, molluscicides, antimutagenic and antioxidant activities. Natural cashew nut liquid is non-genotoxic, whereas technical liquid is genotoxic in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, although there is no evidence of their mutagenic effects on eukaryotic cells. In conclusion, the excellent antioxidant and non-mutagenic activities of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) provide opportunities for CNSL in the cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical industries, but continuous study is needed to allow safe and efficacious preparations.Keywords: Cashew liquid, cosmetics, pharmacological, pharmaceutical, preparatio