Dimensions of Copeland-Erdos Sequences

The base-$k$ {\em Copeland-Erd\"os sequence} given by an infinite set $A$ of positive integers is the infinite sequence \CE_k(A) formed by concatenating the base-$k$ representations of the elements of $A$ in numerical order. This paper concerns the following four quantities. The {\em finite-state dimension} \dimfs (\CE_k(A)), a finite-state version of classical Hausdorff dimension introduced in 2001. The {\em finite-state strong dimension} \Dimfs(\CE_k(A)), a finite-state version of classical packing dimension introduced in 2004. This is a dual of \dimfs(\CE_k(A)) satisfying \Dimfs(\CE_k(A)) \geq \dimfs(\CE_k(A)). The {\em zeta-dimension} \Dimzeta(A), a kind of discrete fractal dimension discovered many times over the past few decades. The {\em lower zeta-dimension} \dimzeta(A), a dual of \Dimzeta(A) satisfying \dimzeta(A)\leq \Dimzeta(A). We prove the following. \dimfs(\CE_k(A))\geq \dimzeta(A). This extends the 1946 proof by Copeland and Erd\"os that the sequence \CE_k(\mathrm{PRIMES}) is Borel normal. \Dimfs(\CE_k(A))\geq \Dimzeta(A). These bounds are tight in the strong sense that these four quantities can have (simultaneously) any four values in $[0,1]$ satisfying the four above-mentioned inequalities.Comment: 19 page

Dimensions of Copeland-Erdos Sequences

The base-k Copeland-Erdös sequence given by an infinite set A of positive integers is the infinite sequence CEk(A) formed by concatenating the base-k representations of the elements of A in numerical order. This paper concerns the following four quantities. • The finite-state dimension dimFS(CEk(A)), a finite-state version of classical Hausdorff dimension introduced in 2001. • The finite-state strong dimension DimFS(CEk(A)), a finite-state version of classical packing dimension introduced in 2004. This is a dual of dimFS(CEk(A)) satisfying DimFS(CEk(A)) ≥ dimFS(CEk(A)). • The zeta-dimension Dimζ(A), a kind of discrete fractal dimension discovered many times over the past few decades. • The lower zeta-dimension dimζ(A), a dual of Dimζ(A) satisfying dimζ(A) ≤ Dimζ(A). We prove the following. 1. dimFS(CEk(A)) ≥ dimζ(A). This extends the 1946 proof by Copeland and Erdös that the sequence CEk(PRIMES) is Borel normal. 2. DimFS(CEk(A)) ≥ Dimζ(A). 3. These bounds are tight in the strong sense that these four quantities can have (simultane-ously) any four values in [0, 1] satisfying the four above-mentioned inequalities

Status of a DEPFET pixel system for the ILC vertex detector

We have developed a prototype system for the ILC vertex detector based on DEPFET pixels. The system operates a 128x64 matrix (with ~35x25 square micron large pixels) and uses two dedicated microchips, the SWITCHER II chip for matrix steering and the CURO II chip for readout. The system development has been driven by the final ILC requirements which above all demand a detector thinned to 50 micron and a row wise read out with line rates of 20MHz and more. The targeted noise performance for the DEPFET technology is in the range of ENC=100 e-. The functionality of the system has been demonstrated using different radioactive sources in an energy range from 6 to 40keV. In recent test beam experiments using 6GeV electrons, a signal-to-noise ratio of S/N~120 has been achieved with present sensors being 450 micron thick. For improved DEPFET systems using 50 micron thin sensors in future, a signal-to-noise of 40 is expected.Comment: Invited poster at the International Symposium on the Development of Detectors for Particle, AstroParticle and Synchrotron Radiation Experiments, Stanford CA (SNIC06) 6 pages, 12 eps figure

Analog to Digital : Transitions in Theory and Practice in Archaeological Photography at Çatalhöyük

Archaeology and photography has a long, co-constructed history that has increasingly come under scrutiny as archaeologists negotiate the visual turn. Yet these investigations do not make use of existing qualitative and quantitative strategies developed by visual studies to understand representation in archaeological photographs. This article queries the large photographic archive created by ongoing work at the archaeological site of Çatalhöyük in Turkey to consider the visual impact of changing photographic technologies and of a shifting theoretical focus in archaeology. While using content analysis and semiotic analysis to gain a better understanding of the visual record, these analyses also unexpectedly reveal power dynamics and other social factors present during archaeological investigation. Consequently, becoming conversant in visual analyses can contribute to developing more reflexive modes of representation in archaeology

The Interplay of “Big Five ” Personality Factors and Metaphorical Schemas: A Pilot Study with 20 Lung Transplant Recipients

The Qualitative Report Volume 12 Number 3 September 2007 397-413 http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR12-3/goetzmann.pdf The Interplay of “Big Five ” Personality Factors and Metaphorical Schemas: A Pilot Study with 20 Lung Transplant Recipients Lutz Goetzmann University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Karin S. Moser Roehampton University, London Esther Vetsch, Erhard Grieder, Richard Klaghofer, Rahel Naef, Erich W. Russi, Annette Boehler, and Claus Buddeberg University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland The aim of the present study was to investigate the interplay between personality factors and metaphorical schemas. The “Big Five” personality factors of 20 patients after lung transplantation were examined with the NEO-FFI. Patients were questioned about their social network , and self- and body-image. The interviews were assessed with metaphor analysis. Significant positive correlations were found between “extraversion” and metaphors for acoustics, play/sport and economy, furthermore between “openness to experience” and metaphors for acoustics, container, battle, illness. A positive correlation was also found between “openness to experience” and metaphor frequency. Significant negative correlations were found between “conscientiousness” and metaphors for illness. The results indicate that personality factors may correspond with certain implicit metaphorical schemas

A prototype liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber for the study of UV laser multi-photonic ionization

This paper describes the design, realization and operation of a prototype liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LAr TPC) detector dedicated to the development of a novel online monitoring and calibration system exploiting UV laser beams. In particular, the system is intended to measure the lifetime of the primary ionization in LAr, in turn related to the LAr purity level. This technique could be exploited by present and next generation large mass LAr TPCs for which monitoring of the performance and calibration plays an important role. Results from the first measurements are presented together with some considerations and outlook.Comment: 26 pages, 27 figure

Orbital-driven Rashba effect in a binary honeycomb monolayer AgTe

The Rashba effect is fundamental to the physics of two-dimensional electron systems and underlies a variety of spintronic phenomena. It has been proposed that the formation of Rashba-type spin splittings originates microscopically from the existence of orbital angular momentum (OAM) in the Bloch wave functions. Here, we present detailed experimental evidence for this OAM-based origin of the Rashba effect by angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) and two-photon photoemission (2PPE) experiments for a monolayer AgTe on Ag(111). Using quantitative low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) analysis we determine the structural parameters and the stacking of the honeycomb overlayer with picometer precision. Based on an orbital-symmetry analysis in ARPES and supported by first-principles calculations, we unequivocally relate the presence and absence of Rashba-type spin splittings in different bands of AgTe to the existence of OAM