Synthesis of the originally proposed structures of elatenyne and an enyne from Laurencia majuscula

A bidirectional synthesis of the originally proposed structures for the natural products elatenyne and a chloroenyne from Laurencia majuscula is described along with a reassessment of the structures of the halogenated enynes based upon a C-13 NMR chemical shift/structure correlation

Synthesis of the originally proposed structure of elatenyne and an enyne from Laurencia majuscula

YesA bidirectional synthesis of the originally proposed structures for the natural products elatenyne and a chloroenyne from Laurencia majuscula is described along with a reassessment of the structures of the halogenated enynes based upon a 13C NMR chemical shift/structure correlationEPSR

Controller Independent Software-in-the-Loop Approach to Evaluate Rule-Based Traffic Signal Retiming Strategy by Utilizing Floating Car Data

Floating car data present a cost-effective approach to observing the traffic state. This paper explores whether floating cars can substitute stationary detection devices (e.g., induction loops) for observers within traffic responsive control systems. A rule-based traffic control method at the local intersection level is proposed in this paper by utilizing the floating car data. The control method involves a three-fold approach: link-level speed forecasting, data-driven traffic flow estimation, and split optimization. To estimate traffic flow, a multivariable linear regression model is developed by utilizing forecasted link-level speed, signal control variables, and link length as predictors. The method is tested using a controller (hardware)-independent software-in-the-loop approach. Compared with the existing fixed-time control operating in Starnberg, Germany, the proposed method is able to improve the level of service of the signalized intersection when tested for different levels of market penetration of the floating cars. The findings underpin the use of floating car data in online traffic control applications; the benefits will increase with an increase in market penetration of floating cars. Overall, this paper presents a fully integrated technical system that is ready to be used in the field. The proposed system can be implemented at the tactical level of urban traffic-control hierarchy employed in Germany.Transport and Plannin

Aneurysmatische Subarachnoidalblutung - Diagnostik und Therapie zerebraler und systemischer Komplikationen

Das Management der aneurysmatischen Subarachnoidalblutung (SAB) erfordert ein grundlegendes Verständnis der Erkrankung, ihrer Therapieoptionen und Komplikationen. Ziel der präoperativen Therapie ist das Verhindern einer Nachblutung durch Blutdruckkontrolle, die Behandlung von Schmerz und Unruhe sowie die Stabilisierung der Atem- und Kreislaufverhältnisse. Ein symptomatischer Hydrozephalus muss sofort behandelt werden. Die eigentliche Aneurysmatherapie erfolgt entweder durch mikrochirurgisches Clipping oder endovaskuläres Coiling. Das postoperative Ziel liegt neben der Optimierung der Atem- und Kreislaufverhältnisse vor allem in der Prophylaxe, Diagnostik und Therapie SAB-assoziierter zerebraler Komplikationen (zerebraler Vasospasmus, Hydrozephalus, Epilepsie) und systemischer Komplikationen (Elektrolytstörungen, kardiale Dysfunktion). Diese Arbeit gibt einen Überblick über das prä-, peri- und postoperative Management von Patienten mit SAB. ABSTRACT: The management of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) requires a fundamental knowledge of the disease, its therapeutic options and possible complications. The preoperative goal is to prevent rebleeding by controlling blood pressure and treating pain and anxiety as well as stabilizing cardiopulmonary functions. An acute hydrocephalus has to be treated immediately. Microsurgical clipping or endovascular coiling are the therapeutic options available. The postoperative goal aims at securing cardiopulmonary functions as well as recognizing and treating cerebral (cerebral vasospasm, hydrocephalus, epilepsy) and systemic complications (electrolyte disorder, cardiac dysfunction). This article provides an overview about the pre-, peri- and postoperative management of patients with SAH