Composición, propiedades físico-químicas y capacidad antioxidante del fruto Renealmia alpinia (Rottb.) Maas

Composition and bioactive properties of x`kijit fruit [ Renealmia alpinia (Rottb.) Maas] pulp and peel is unknown so far . Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate physicochemical, and nutritional characteristics, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of peel, pulp of the fruit (x`kijit fruit). The fruit pulp was higher in soluble solids (10.53°Brix) and pH (6.2), while the peel had lower pH (3.9) and soluble solids (2.3°Brix). The protein and fat contents were higher in pulp with values 4.2 and 8.6%, respectively. Vitamin C, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and carotenoids were higher in pulp (28.3 mg ascorbic acid.100 g -1 FW, 567.8 mg catechin.100 g -1 FW, 102.4 mg GAE.100 g -1 FW, and 332 μg of carotenoid.100 g -1 FW, respectively) than peel. However, the peel was higher in anthocyanins (181.4 mg of cyanidin.100 g -1 FW), yielding an antioxidant activity of 23.3mMFe 2+ .100 g -1 . The x`kijit fruit demonstrated to have an important nutritional composition and a high antioxidant activity.Hasta el momento se desconoce la composición y propiedades bioactivas de la pulpa y piel del fruto x`kijit [ Renealmia alpinia (Rottb.) Maas]. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las características fisicoquímicas, nutrimentales, compuestos bioactivos y la actividad antioxidante en la pulpa y piel del x`kijit. La pulpa del fruto presentó mayores valores de sólidos solubles (10,53°Brix) y pH (6,2), mientras que en la piel fueron más bajos pH (3,9) y sólidos solubles (2,3°Brix). Los contenidos de proteína y grasa fueron más elevados en pulpa, 4,2 y 8,6 %, respectivamente. La vitamina C, flavonoides, compuestos fenólicos y carotenoides fueron más elevados en la pulpa que en la piel (28,3 mg de ácido ascórbico 100 g -1 BH (Base Húmeda); 567,8 mg catequina 100 g -1 BH; 102,4 mg GAE.100 -1 BH y 332 μg 100 g -1 , respectivamente). Sin embargo, en la piel las antocianinas fueron mayores (181,4 mg de cianidina 100 g -1 BH), proveyendo una actividad antioxidante de 23,3 mM Fe 2+ 100 g -1 . La fruta X`kijit demostró poseer una importante composición nutrimental y una alta actividad antioxidante.Fil: Luna Guevara, María Lorena. Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (México)Fil: Ochoa Velasco, Carlos Enrique. Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (México)Fil: Hernández Carranza, Paola. Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (México)Fil: Contreras Cortes, Leonardo Ernesto Ulises. Chiapas (México). Colegio de la Frontera Sur Unidad San Cristóbal de las CasasFil: Luna Guevara, Juan José. Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (México

Study of the quality and antioxidant properties of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under different postharvest and dehydration conditions

Objective: To study the effect of storage temperatures and dehydration conditions (solar and convective drying (SD, CD), on the quality, physicochemical parameters and antioxidant properties of tomato fruits. Methodology: The physicochemical characteristics pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids (°Bx) and color parameters (L, a and b), were evaluated. The lycopene, carotenoids and antioxidant activity percentages retention of tomatoes fruits stored at 7 and 22 ° C for 5 days and subjected to SD (T 67°C and luminescence of 685 lum/sqf) and CD (T 70°C, flow rates 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m/s), were analyzed. Results: The fruits reached humidities of 17 and 15% for SD and CD. The parameters pH,° Bx, L, a, b were highest with both storage T and CD (1.5 m/s). The value of the carotenoids was higher in fruits stored at 7 ° C and subjected to CD (1 and 1.5 m/s) and SD with values of 83.85, 85.98 and 99.43%, respectively. The CD (0.5 m/s) and SD improved lycopene (94.37 and 95.14%) and the antioxidant activity with values of 73.06 and 97.21%. Implications: The application of solar dehydration depends on luminescence condition, however it is inexpensive and environmentally friendly alternative. Conclusions: The results derived in a viable alternative for the conservation and commercialization of tomato fruits in rural communities.Objective: To study the effect of storage temperatures and dehydration conditions (solar and convective drying; SD, CD), on the quality, physicochemical parameters and antioxidant properties of tomato fruits. Methodology: The physicochemical characteristics pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids (°Bx) and color parameters (L*, a* and b*), were evaluated. The lycopene, carotenoids and antioxidant activity percentages retention of tomatoes fruits stored at 7 and 22 ° C for 5 days and subjected to SD (Temperature (T) of 67 °C and luminescence of 685 lum/sqf) and CD (T 70 °C, flow rates 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m/s), were analyzed. Results: The fruits reached humidities of 17 and 15% for SD and CD. The parameters pH, °Bx, L*, a*, b* were highest with 22°C and CD (1.5 m/s). The value of the carotenoids was higher in fruits stored at 7 ° C and subjected to CD (1.0 and 1.5 m/s) and SD with values of 83.85, 85.98 and 99.43%, respectively. The CD (0.5 m/s) and SD improved lycopene (94.37 and 95.14%) and the antioxidant activity with values of 73.06 and 97.21%. Implications: The application of solar dehydration depends on luminescence condition; however, it is inexpensive and environmentally friendly alternative. Conclusions: The results derived in a viable alternative for the conservation and commercialization of tomato fruits in rural communitie

Cultivo, cosecha y postcosecha en el sistema productivo cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.).

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is an aromatic plant with high culinary demand in Mexico and one of the agricultural products from Puebla that is exported to the United States. This product has been affected by FDA Import Alert 24-23 that prohibits its export, due to the detection of pathogens associated with disease outbreaks among consumers. The objective of this research was to carry out a diagnosis of the production, harvest and post-harvest process (in the packaging units of the producing region) to characterize the stages in the process and to assess capacities that require consolidation to achieve product safety. Through the application of surveys and interviews applied to producers, packers, operators and safety advisors, combined with an analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT), we carried out characterization of production, harvest and packaging processes. As a complementary activity, key stakeholders were trained in the Fresh Produce Safety course (endorsed by the Produce Safety Alliance) and their participation was evaluated. In conclusion, it appears that the system is disorganized and there are deficiencies concerning safe handling of the product. High productive capacity was observed in a region suffering from a high degree of marginalization, poverty, insecurity and environmental deterioration, suggesting that the problems have multifactorial origins and must be analyzed from a perspective that considers social, economic and environmental aspects.El cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.) es una planta aromática con alta demanda culinaria en México y uno de los productos agrícolas de Puebla que se exporta a los Estados Unidos. Este producto ha sido afectado por la Alerta de importación 24-23 de la FDA que prohíbe su exportación, debido a la detección de patógenos aso­ciados a brotes de enfermedades en consumidores. El objetivo de esta investigación fue realizar un diagnóstico del proceso de producción, cosecha y postcosecha (en las unidades de empaque de la región productora) para caracterizar las etapas del proceso y conocer las capacidades que deben fortalecerse para lograr la inocuidad del producto. Mediante la aplicación de encuestas y entrevistas aplicadas a productores, empacadores, operadores y asesores de inocuidad, y un análisis de Fortalezas, Oportunidades, Debilidades y Amenazas (FODA), se rea­lizó la caracterización de los procesos de producción, cosecha y empaque. Como actividad complementaria se realizó la capacitación de los actores clave con el curso Inocuidad de Productos Frescos (avalado por la Produce Safety Alliance) y se evaluó su participación. Se concluyó que existe una desarticulación del sistema y carencias en el manejo inocuo del producto. Se observó una alta capacidad productiva en una región con alto grado de marginación, pobreza, inseguridad y deterioro ambiental, que sugiere que los problemas pueden tener un origen multifactorial y deben tratarse desde un análisis que considere las dimensiones social, económica y ambiental

Características antioxidantes, fisicoquímicas y microbiológicas de jugo fermentado y sin fermentar de tres variedades de pitahaya (Hylocereus spp)

Dragon fruit juice from three variety (red, pink, and white) were evaluated in pH, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, color, phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, while in fermented dragon fruit juice with Saccharomyces cerevisiae were also evaluated the mesophylls and yeasts plus molds, and alcohol grade. The contents of total soluble solids and pH decreased in the fermented juice of all varieties as consequence of the fermentation process. The phenolic compounds were higher in the red dragon fruit juice, followed by the pink and white dragon fruit with average values of 45.3, 32.1 y 24.6 mg of Gallic acid/100 mL of juice, respectively. Therefore, the antioxidant activity was higher in the red dragon fruit juice (160.84 mg of Trolox/100 mL of juice). Fermenting the juice increased the phenolic compounds (changing of 45.31 to 51.38 mg of galic acid/100 mL of juice, in red dragon fruit), however decreased the antioxidant activity (124.51 to 82.96 mg of Trolox/100 mL of juice, in pink dragon fruit). The alcohol grades in the fermented juices were among 2.9 to 3.9 % (v/v). At the end of the fermentation the higher yeasts plus molds (1580 CFU/mL) were in the white dragon fruit juice. However, after the pasteurization process the microbial load in all treatments were lower to 10 CFU/mL. The development of products such as fermented juice is a viable alternative for the commercialization of products derived from dragon fruit.Al jugo de pitahaya de tres variedades (roja, rosa y blanca) se le evaluó el pH, sólidos solubles totales, acidez titulable, color, compuestos fenólicos, capacidad antioxidante, mientras que al jugo de pitahaya fermentado con Saccharomyces cerevisiae se le evaluaron además el número de bacterias mesófilas aerobias, mohos y levaduras y contenido alcohólico. Los sólidos solubles totales y pH disminuyeron en el jugo fermentado en todas las variedades de pitahaya. El contenido de compuestos fenólicos fue mayor en el jugo de pitahaya roja, seguido de la rosa y la blanca con valores promedios de 45,3, 32,1y 24,6 mg de ácido gálico/100 mL de jugo, respectivamente. Por ende, la capacidad antioxidante fue superior en el jugo de pitahaya roja (160,84 mg de Trolox/100 mL de jugo). La fermentación del jugo de pitahaya incrementó el contenido de compuestos fenólicos (variando de 45,31 a 51,38 mg de ácido gálico/100 mL de jugo, en pitahaya roja), aunque disminuyó la capacidad antioxidante (variando de 124,51 a 82,96 mg de Trolox/100 mL de jugo, en pitahaya rosa). El contenido de alcohol de los jugos fermentados fue entre 2,9 y 3,9 % (v/v). Al final de la fermentación la carga máxima de mohos y levaduras (1580 UFC/mL) la presentó el jugo fermentado de pitahaya blanca. Sin embargo, después de la pasteurización el crecimiento microbiano en todos los tratamientos fue menor a 10 UFC/mL. La elaboración de subproductos como el jugo fermentado es una alternativa viable para la comercialización de productos derivados de la pitahaya

Quantification of isoflavones in stems of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)

The isoflavone aglycones daidzein and genistein are phytoestrogens that ameliorate the symptoms of menopause and assist in the prevention of chronic diseases. These compounds have been studied mainly in soya but have also been detected in faba beans (Vicia faba L.). Since little information is available concerning the content of isoflavone aglycones in faba beans from Mexico, the present study aimed to establish the presence and concentrations of daidzein and genistein in stems of faba bean cultivars from the Mexican central plateau. Cultivars C-281, C-146, C-160, C-89, C-288, C-181, C-93 and C-Zac22 were grown under greenhouse conditions and 6 to 7 week-old stems were harvested. The presence of daidzein and genistein in these tissues was confirmed by thin layer chromatography using a solvent system containing toluene-ethyl acetate-acetone-formic acid (74:14.8:7.4:3.8). High-pressure liquid chromatographic analysis revealed significant differences (p≤0.01) in the concentrations of aglycones with levels of genistein in the range 0.30 to 0.85 mg kg-1 dry weight (DW) and of daidzein, which was more abundant in all cultivars, present in the concentration range 34.92 to 59.98 mg kg-1 DW. Stems of cultivars C-89, C-181, C-281 and C-146 were exceptional for their concentrations of isoflavones and may represent good alternative sources of phytoestrogens.The isoflavone aglycones daidzein and genistein are phytoestrogens that ameliorate the symptoms of menopause and assist in the prevention of chronic diseases. These compounds have been studied mainly in soya but have also been detected in faba beans (Vicia faba L.). Since little information is available concerning the content of isoflavone aglycones in faba beans from Mexico, the present study aimed to establish the presence and concentrations of daidzein and genistein in stems of faba bean cultivars from the Mexican central plateau. Cultivars C-281, C-146, C-160, C-89, C-288, C-181, C-93 and C-Zac22 were grown under greenhouse conditions and 6 to 7 week-old stems were harvested. The presence of daidzein and genistein in these tissues was confirmed by thin layer chromatography using a solvent system containing toluene-ethyl acetate-acetone-formic acid (74:14.8:7.4:3.8). High-pressure liquid chromatographic analysis revealed significant differences (p≤0.01) in the concentrations of aglycones with levels of genistein in the range 0.30 to 0.85 mg kg-1 dry weight (DW) and of daidzein, which was more abundant in all cultivars, present in the concentration range 34.92 to 59.98 mg kg-1 DW. Stems of cultivars C-89, C-181, C-281 and C-146 were exceptional for their concentrations of isoflavones and may represent good alternative sources of phytoestrogens

Diversidad de enterobacterias asociadas a frutos de tomate (Lycopersi-cum sculentum Mill) y suelos de invernadero

The aim of this study was to evaluate the diversity of Enterobacteriaceae present in soil and tomato fruits from three greenhouses with fertirigation system. These crop systems are an important alternative for production in protected agriculture; however, there is little information about the microbiological quality of the fruit and its relationship with chemical soil characteristics. Soil evaluations consisted of analyzing organic matter content and pH. In the microbiological analysis were isolated and identified enterobacterias organisms from composite samples of soil and fruits at different stages of maturity (0, 50 and 100%). Culture media used was selective, differential and confirmatory testing with VITEK system. Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) were characterized genotypically, amplifying the lngA and bfpA genes by the technique of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Diversity index (Simpson (D), Shannon-Wiener (H') and Chao estimator (SChao1) were calculated with the identified species. The species Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii and C. brakii had a higher frequency of isolation, EPEC and ETEC were identified in soil samples and in fruits with 100% maturity. In soil, H' indices were positively correlated with the highest organic matter percentages. In fruit, although H 'and D showed less diverse bacterial communities, the isolation of ETEC and Shigella boydii on the fruit surface compromise their safety because they are usually consumed raw.El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la diversidad de enterobacterias presentes en suelo y tomates provenientes de tres invernaderos de fertirrigación. Estos sistemas de cultivo son una alternativa importante de producción en agricultura protegida, sin embargo, existe escasa información acerca de la calidad microbiológica de los frutos y su relación con las características químicas del suelo. Las evaluaciones del suelo consistieron en analizar el contenido de materia orgánica y pH. En los análisis microbiológicos se aislaron e identificaron enterobacterias en muestras compuestas de suelo y frutos con diferentes grados de madurez (0, 50 y 100%), utilizando medios de cultivo selectivos, diferenciales y pruebas confirmatorias con el sistema VITEK. Los patogrupos de Escherichia coli enteropatogena (EPEC) y enterotoxigénica (ETEC) se caracterizaron genotípicamente mediante la técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR), amplificándose los genes bfpA y lngA. Con las especies identificadas se calcularon los índices de diversidad Simpson (D) y Shannon-Wiener (H´) y estimador de Chao (SChao1). Las especies Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii y C. brakii presentaron mayor frecuencia de aislamiento, EPEC y ETEC fueron identificadas en muestras de suelo y en frutos con 100% de madurez. En suelo, los porcentajes de materia orgánica se correlacionaron positivamente con los índices H´. En fruto, aunque H´ y D reflejaron comunidades bacterianas menos diversas, el aislamiento de ETEC y Shigella boydii sobre la superficie del fruto comprometen su inocuidad debido a que habitualmente se consume en forma cruda

Diversidad de enterobacterias asociadas a frutos de tomate (Lycopersi-cum sculentum Mill) y suelos de invernadero

The aim of this study was to evaluate the diversity of Enterobacteriaceae present in soil and tomato fruits from three greenhouses with fertirigation system. These crop systems are an important alternative for production in protected agriculture; however, there is little information about the microbiological quality of the fruit and its relationship with chemical soil characteristics. Soil evaluations consisted of analyzing organic matter content and pH. In the microbiological analysis were isolated and identified enterobacterias organisms from composite samples of soil and fruits at different stages of maturity (0, 50 and 100%). Culture media used was selective, differential and confirmatory testing with VITEK system. Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) were characterized genotypically, amplifying the lngA and bfpA genes by the technique of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Diversity index (Simpson (D), Shannon-Wiener (H') and Chao estimator (SChao1) were calculated with the identified species. The species Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii and C. brakii had a higher frequency of isolation, EPEC and ETEC were identified in soil samples and in fruits with 100% maturity. In soil, H' indices were positively correlated with the highest organic matter percentages. In fruit, although H 'and D showed less diverse bacterial communities, the isolation of ETEC and Shigella boydii on the fruit surface compromise their safety because they are usually consumed raw.El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la diversidad de enterobacterias presentes en suelo y tomates provenientes de tres invernaderos de fertirrigación. Estos sistemas de cultivo son una alternativa importante de producción en agricultura protegida, sin embargo, existe escasa información acerca de la calidad microbiológica de los frutos y su relación con las características químicas del suelo. Las evaluaciones del suelo consistieron en analizar el contenido de materia orgánica y pH. En los análisis microbiológicos se aislaron e identificaron enterobacterias en muestras compuestas de suelo y frutos con diferentes grados de madurez (0, 50 y 100%), utilizando medios de cultivo selectivos, diferenciales y pruebas confirmatorias con el sistema VITEK. Los patogrupos de Escherichia coli enteropatogena (EPEC) y enterotoxigénica (ETEC) se caracterizaron genotípicamente mediante la técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR), amplificándose los genes bfpA y lngA. Con las especies identificadas se calcularon los índices de diversidad Simpson (D) y Shannon-Wiener (H´) y estimador de Chao (SChao1). Las especies Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii y C. brakii presentaron mayor frecuencia de aislamiento, EPEC y ETEC fueron identificadas en muestras de suelo y en frutos con 100% de madurez. En suelo, los porcentajes de materia orgánica se correlacionaron positivamente con los índices H´. En fruto, aunque H´ y D reflejaron comunidades bacterianas menos diversas, el aislamiento de ETEC y Shigella boydii sobre la superficie del fruto comprometen su inocuidad debido a que habitualmente se consume en forma cruda

Microbacterium plantarum sp. nov. and Microbacterium thalli sp. nov., two endophytic metal-resistant bacteria isolated from Sphaeralcea angustifolia (Cav.) G. Don and Prosopis laevigata (Humb. et Bonpl. ex Willd) M.C. Johnston

12 páginas, 4 figuras, 2 tablasFour Gram-positive, aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-negative, rod-shaped, motile endophytic bacterial strains, designated NM3R9T, NE1TT3, NE2TL11 and NE2HP2T, were isolated from the inner tissues (leaf and stem) of Sphaeralcea angustifolia and roots of Prosopis laevigata. They were characterized using a polyphasic approach, which revealed that they represent two novel Microbacterium species. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the species closest to NE2HP2T was Microbacterium arborescens DSM 20754T (99.6 %) and that closest to NM3R9T, NE2TL11 and NE2TT3 was Microbacterium oleivorans NBRC 103075T (97.4 %). The whole-genome average nucleotide identity value between strain NM3R9T and Microbacterium imperiale DSM 20530T was 90.91 %, and that between strain NE2HP2T and M. arborecens DSM 20754T was 91.03 %. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization showed values of less than 70 % with the type strains of related species. The polar lipids present in both strains included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, glycolipids and unidentified lipids, whereas the major fatty acids included anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and C16 : 0. Whole-cell sugars included mannose, rhamnose and galactose. Strains NM3R9T and NE2HP2T showed physiological characteristics different from those present in closely related Microbacterium species. According to the taxonomic analysis, both strains belong to two novel species. The name Microbacterium plantarum sp. nov. is proposed for strain NE2HP2T (=LMG 30875T=CCBAU 101117T) and Microbacterium thalli sp. nov. for strains NM3R9T (=LMG 30873T=CCBAU 101116T), NE1TT3 (=CCBAU 101114) and NE2TL11 (=CCBAU 101115).This study was financially supported by Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN) grant numbers SIP20170544, SIP20180115, SIP20196674, SIP20196729, SIP20200229 and SIP20200310.Peer reviewe

Producción de autoinductores y biopelículas microbianas y su relación con la calidad y composición química de jitomate (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) cultivado en la región de Aquixtla, Puebla.

Aquixtla es una de las principales regiones productivas de jitomate en invernadero en el Estado de Puebla. Sin embargo, existen problemas técnicos y se requieren alternativas de comercialización en las cuales se contemplen la calidad e inocuidad del fruto. Con base a estos dos aspectos, el presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar las relaciones entre las condiciones ambientales y los sistemas de producción, sobre la composición química, parámetros de calidad, producción de autoinductores y formación de biopelículas microbianas sobre jitomate cultivado en invernadero. Se consideraron tres etapas para el desarrollo de la investigación, Etapa I: Identificación y selección de los sistemas de producción más importantes de jitomate en el Municipio de Aquixtla, Puebla, Etapa II: Determinación de la variabilidad de componentes químicos y microbiota presente en jitomate cultivado bajo un mismo sistema de producción y Etapa III: Relación de las condiciones ambientales con la composición química del jitomate e interacciones bacteria-fruto. Se seleccionaron como unidades experimentales, invernaderos hidropónicos y de fertirrigación pertenecientes a las localidades La Loma, Cuautieco, Aquixtla y Tlaltempa, las cuales son representativas por su productividad, rendimiento y paquete tecnológico utilizado. Las evaluaciones realizadas sobre las propiedades físicoquímicas y composición químico-funcional de los frutos mostraron diferencias significativas de acuerdo con el grado de madurez, variedad y sistema de cultivo utilizado. Los invernaderos presentaron variaciones en sus condiciones ambientales internas (temperatura, humedad relativa y radiación fotosintéticamente activa) que afectaron particularmente los contenidos de los compuestos bioactivos como licopeno y ácido ascórbico. Estas condiciones también influyeron sobre el comportamiento de la microbiota nativa (Enterobacter cloacae y Citrobacter freundii) y patógena (patogrupos de Escherichia coli) presente en el pericarpio de los frutos, demostrándose que estas bacterias para su garantizar su sobrevivencia producen autoinductores de tipo acil homoserinlactonas (AHLS) y se adhieren a la superficie por medio de biopelículas. _______________ PRODUCTION OF AUTOINDUCER AND MICROBIAL BIOFILMS AND ITS RELATION TO THE QUALITY AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF TOMATO (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) GROWN IN THE REGION OF AQUIXTLA, PUEBLA. ABSTRACT: Aquixtla is one of the main regions in greenhouse tomato production in the state of Puebla. However technical problems and marketing need alternatives, which are provided for the safety and quality of fruit. Based on these two aspects, the present study aimed to evaluate the relationships between environmental conditions and production systems on the chemical composition, quality parameters, production of autoinducers and microbial biofilm formation on tomatoes grown in greenhouses. The investigation was conducted in three stages, Stage I: Identification and selection of the most important systems of tomato production in the municipality of Aquixtla, Puebla, Stage II: Determination of the variability of chemical components and microbiota present in tomato grown under the same production system and Stage III: Relationship between environmental conditions and the chemical composition of tomato and interactions bacteria-fruit. As experimental units, hydroponics and fertirigation greenhouses were selected from La Loma, Cuautieco, Aquixtla and Tlaltempa communities, which are representative for their productivity, performance and techonological package used. The assessments made on the physicochemical properties and chemical composition of the fruits showed significant differences for the degree of maturity, variety and cropping system used. The greenhouses showed variations in their internal environment conditions (temperature, relative humidity and photosynthetically active radiation), particulary affecting the contents of bioactive compounds such as lycopene and ascorbic acid. These environmental conditions also influenced the behavior of the native (Enterobacter cloacae and Citrobacter freundii) and pathogenic (Escherichia coli pathogroups) microbiota present on the pericarp of the fruit, showing that these bacteria produce acyl homoserinlactone autoinducers (AHLS) and adhere to the surface through biofilms, to ensure its survival.Tesis (Doctorado en Ciencias, especialista en Estrategias para el Desarrollo Agrícola Regional).- Colegio de Postgraduados, 2011.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT). Fundación Produce Puebla