376 research outputs found

    Contribution of Piezo2 to endothelium-dependent pain.

    Get PDF
    BackgroundWe evaluated the role of a mechanically-gated ion channel, Piezo2, in mechanical stimulation-induced enhancement of hyperalgesia produced by the pronociceptive vasoactive mediator endothelin-1, an innocuous mechanical stimulus-induced enhancement of hyperalgesia that is vascular endothelial cell dependent. We also evaluated its role in a preclinical model of a vascular endothelial cell dependent painful peripheral neuropathy.ResultsThe local administration of oligodeoxynucleotides antisense to Piezo2 mRNA, at the site of nociceptive testing in the rat's hind paw, but not intrathecally at the central terminal of the nociceptor, prevented innocuous stimulus-induced enhancement of hyperalgesia produced by endothelin-1 (100 ng). The mechanical hyperalgesia induced by oxaliplatin (2 mg/kg. i.v.), which was inhibited by impairing endothelial cell function, was similarly attenuated by local injection of the Piezo2 antisense. Polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated for the first time the presence of Piezo2 mRNA in endothelial cells.ConclusionsThese results support the hypothesis that Piezo2 is a mechano-transducer in the endothelial cell where it contributes to stimulus-dependent hyperalgesia, and a model of chemotherapy-induced painful peripheral neuropathy

    Composite carbon materials from winery composted waste for the treatment of effluents contaminated with ketoprofen and 2-nitrophenol

    Get PDF
    The present work consisted of preparing and characterizing composite carbon materials (WRCC) from raw winery residues (WR) activated with zinc chloride to produce a carbon adsorbent. The WRCC was used for the adsorption of emerging contaminants in aqueous media. The WRCC presented a morphology with favorable characteristics for the adsorption process, giving an abundant porous structure with pores of different sizes. The results show the WRCC’s effectiveness, presenting surface area values (227 m2 g−1) and total pore volume (0.175 cm3 g−1). The general order kinetic model predicted the experimental curves sufficiently. The Sips model better described the two adsorbates' equilibrium data, with maximum adsorption capacities of 376.0 and 119.6 mg g−1 for 2-nitrophenol and ketoprofen, respectively. The WRCC carbon material was also highly efficient, with maximum removal of 81.4% and 94% in 1000 mg L−1 of the compounds 2-nitrophenol and ketoprofen. Finally, the prepared material has essential characteristics that make it an efficient adsorbent in treating effluents with emerging contaminants

    Calcretes pedogenéticos da Bacia de Itaboraí, Estado do Rio de Janeiro

    Get PDF
    The Itaboraí Basin, located in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, is considered the first segment from the Southeastern Brazil Continental Rift opened, during the Paleocene. The occurrence of calcretes was previously reported in the literature, although studies dealing specifically with such calcretes and their distribution were not performed. Furthermore, there is limited research involving the petrographic characterization of the sedimentary deposits of the basin. This study developed a characterization on both macro and micro scale of the vadose calcretes that occur along the northern and western margins of the basin and constitute its initial infilling. The compositional, textural and fabric features of 27 thin sections prepared from calcrete samples were described and interpreted. The pedogenetic calcretes were separated in different facies (chalky, nodular, massive, platy, incipient laminar and brecciated), and classified according to morphogenetic stages. The main microscopic features include nodules, contraction cracks, vadose pisoliths, rhizocretions, infiltrated clays, corroded grains, expanded micas and clay aggregates. The pedogenetic calcretes were developed on weathered alluvial deposits during tectonic stability periods. They are typically generated on continental environments under arid to semiarid climates and occur intercalated with travertines (carbonate crusts of hydrothermal origin), which deposition is favored by fault activity during humid climate periods. The results indicate both pedogenetic and hydrothermal processes have been extremely active and have played important role during the early evolution of Itaboraí Basin. Thus, the characterization of such processes is essential to the understanding of the initial evolution of Southeastern Brazil Continental Rift.A Bacia de Itaboraí é considerada o primeiro segmento do Rifte Continental do Sudeste do Brasil a se abrir, durante o Paleoceno. Há referências à existência de calcretes na bacia, entretanto, até o momento, não foram realizados estudos específicos sobre os calcretes e sobre sua ocorrência, e ainda há um número reduzido de trabalhos envolvendo a caracterização petrográfica dos depósitos sedimentares da bacia. Apresenta-se aqui uma caracterização, macromorfológica e micromorfológica dos calcretes vadosos que constituem o preenchimento inicial da bacia e que são encontrados nas suas bordas norte e oeste. Foram descritos e interpretados os aspectos composicionais, texturais e de fábrica de 27 seções delgadas preparadas de amostras de calcretes. Os calcretes pedogenéticos mostram diferentes fácies (pulverulento, nodular, maciço, placoso, laminar incipiente e brechado), que foram atribuídas a estágios morfogenéticos distintos. As principais fei- ções micromorfológicas incluem: nódulos, gretas de contração, rizólitos, argilas infiltradas, grãos corroídos e fraturados, micas expandidas, e agregados argilosos. Os calcretes pedogenéticos se desenvolveram em depósitos aluviais intemperizados, em períodos de estabilidade tectônica e são característicos de ambientes continentais áridos a semiáridos. Ocorrem intercalados a travertinos, crostas carbonáticas de origem hidrotermal, cuja deposição é condicionada pela movimentação de falhas ativas e favorecida em períodos de clima úmido. Os resultados indicam que processos pedogenéticos e hidrotermais foram extremamente atuantes durante o início do preenchimento da Bacia de Itaboraí, e sua caracterização é importante para a compreensão da evolução inicial do Rift Continental do Sudeste do Brasil

    Comparisons of ball possession, match running performance, player prominence and team network properties according to match outcome and playing formation during the 2018 FIFA World Cup

    Get PDF
    The aims of this study conducted in national teams during the 2018 Russia FIFA World Cup were: i) to verify the possible variations of ball possession, match running performance, player prominence, team network properties according to match outcome and playing formation; and ii) to investigate the relationships between player prominence and total distance covered according to team ball possession. Sixty-one matches were analysed over the course of the competition (n=988 player observations). Running performance was examined using total distance covered in (TDIP) and out of possession, and that travelled in different speed-range categories. Player prominence (micro) and team network properties (macro) were obtained using social network analysis where completed passes between teammates were counted (n=28019 passes). Main findings were: i) with the exception of clustering coefficients which indicate the level of interconnectivity between close teammates (win = draw > loss), match outcome was unaffected by ball possession, running and network measures ; iii) teams employing a 1‒4‒2‒3‒1 formation reported greater values for ball possession, TDIP, and micro/macro network measures compared to those playing 1‒4‒4‒2 and 1‒4‒3‒3 formations; iv) TDIP tended to be related to most player prominence variables, even though the magnitude of coefficients varied considerably according to network measures and playing positions. This study has provided additional insights into elite soccer match-play performance

    Bioactivity of Piper extracts on Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in tomato

    Get PDF
    Abstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the bioactivity of ethanolic leaf extracts from four species of the genus Piper against the tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) under laboratory conditions. The evaluated species were: P. amalago var. medium, P. glabratum, P. mikanianum, and P. mollicomum. In the initial screening assay (extract concentration of 2,000 mg L -1 ), all tested extracts caused significant larval mortality, particularly the extract of P. amalago var. medium; however, no extracts reduced the weight of the surviving larvae. The extract from P. amalago var. medium at the concentration of 1,011 mg L -1 caused a significant lengthening of the larval and pupal stages. The ethanolic leaf extract of P. amalago var. medium is promising for the control of T. absoluta larvae in tomato, since it exhibits acute toxicity toward these caterpillars at the concentration of 2,000 mg L -1 and affects the insect's development by reducing its survival and lengthening the larval and pupal stages

    [Ru(bpy)2(NO)SO3](PF6), a Nitric Oxide Donating Ruthenium Complex, Reduces Gout Arthritis in Mice

    Get PDF
    Monosodium urate crystals (MSU) deposition induces articular inflammation known as gout. This disease is characterized by intense articular inflammation and pain by mechanisms involving the activation of the transcription factor NFκB and inflammasome resulting in the production of cytokines and oxidative stress. Despite evidence that MSU induces iNOS expression, there is no evidence on the effect of nitric oxide (NO) donors in gout. Thus, the present study evaluated the effect of the ruthenium complex donor of NO {[Ru(bpy)2(NO)SO3](PF6)} (complex I) in gout arthritis. Complex I inhibited in a dose-dependent manner MSU-induced hypersensitivity to mechanical stimulation, edema and leukocyte recruitment. These effects were corroborated by a decrease of histological inflammation score and recruitment of Lysm-eGFP+ cells. Mechanistically, complex I inhibited MSU-induced mechanical hypersensitivity and joint edema by triggering the cGMP/PKG/ATP-sensitive K (+) channels signaling pathway. Complex I inhibited MSU-induced oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in the knee joint. These data were supported by the observation that complex I inhibited MSU-induced NFκB activation, and IL-1β expression and production. Complex I also inhibited MSU-induced activation of pro-IL-1β processing. Concluding, the present data, to our knowledge, is the first evidence that a NO donating ruthenium complex inhibits MSU-induced articular inflammation and pain. Further, complex I targets the main physiopathological mechanisms of gout arthritis. Therefore, it is envisaged that complex I and other NO donors have therapeutic potential that deserves further investigation
    • …
    corecore