Didáctica y teatro I : una didáctica para la enseñanza del teatro en los diez años de escolaridad obligatoria

El teatro, cada vez con más fuerza, está consolidando su espacio en la educación argentina y mundial, demostrando su impacto positivo en el desarrollo integral de niños y jóvenes ya que promueve la toma de conciencia del valor del propio cuerpo como vehículo de expresión y comunicación, la superación de estereotipos culturales, la flexibilización del pensamiento , el desarrollo de la imaginación, el enriquecimiento de la oralidad y la consolidación de los afectos. Este espacio pedagógico tan reciente, que se nos presenta como una oportunidad equitativa de estimulación de las inteligencias múltiples desde la escuela, requiere una gran responsabilidad por parte de los profesores, pero también necesita marcos de desarrollo conceptual y metodológicos sólidos. La editorial del I.N.T. inaugura con este libro una línea de publicaciones de teatro y pedagogía comprometida fundamentalmente con la presencia del teatro en el curriculum escolar. La Didáctica del Teatro I ofrece un desarrollo pormenorizado, clase a clase por años y niveles, para los diez años de escolaridad obligatoria. Plantea fundamentaciones teóricas y ejercicios específicos como plataforma que ayuda a sostener la búsqueda, el intercambio enriquecedor y el crecimiento profesional de los docentes de teatro. Seguramente muchos profesores verán su tarea reflejada en esta propuesta. El mérito mayor del libro es el esfuerzo de organizar, graduar, secuenciar y fundamentar un corpus de conocimiento circulante y probado por muchos. Con Luis Sampedro, hoy profesor del IUNA y Sara Torres, nuestra invitada actualmente residente en España, hemos recorrido como docentes de teatro todos los niveles del sistema educativo y hemos participado con vehemente esperanza en el complejo proceso de la inclusión del teatro en el curriculum escolar, tanto de nuestra provincia como del país. Los tres sentimos que, gracias al Instituto Nacional del Teatro, con este libro plasmamos una tarea de años y podemos ofrecerla a cientos de colegas que comparten nuestra pasión docente

Foreign Immigrants in Depopulated Rural Areas: Local Social Services and the Construction of Welcoming Communities

Many rural areas in Spain suffer an acute problem of depopulation. In recent years the arrival of foreign immigrant workers has contributed to alleviating the situation. The social services in rural areas play a fundamental role in the reception of these new residents, and in attending to their needs. These immigrants find themselves in a very vulnerable situation. Added to the needs of any family group with very limited resources are the terms of being a foreigner in an environment in which the coethnic support networks are very scarce. The capacity of both rural councils and local social services to promote the social integration of the immigrants is very limited due to the lack of resources, and to the difficulties associated with the provision of social services in depopulated rural areas. Through in-depth interviews, carried out in a mountainous depopulated region in northern Spain, we analyse the discourses of mayors, social workers and members of civil organizations. The conclusions suggest that the construction of welcoming communities requires reinforcing the community dimension of social work in rural areas, and from an ecological perspective that enhances social participation and coordination among the social actors. Specifically directed initiatives are needed by means of cooperation among the different levels of government and between public and private actors

Neuroplasticity and Healthy Lifestyle: How Can We Understand This Relationship?

Our brain has this extraordinary ability to experience functional and structural changes before environmental stimuli, cognitive demand, or our experience itself. Exercise, diet, an appropriate sleep pattern, and reading habits are among those activities proposed to induce effects on cerebral architecture—an active lifestyle seems to induce changes in the brain function that favour welfare and better quality of life. This special issue is intended to extend the knowledge about the relationship between neuroplasticity and a healthy lifestyleFil: Begega, Azucena. Universidad de Oviedo; EspañaFil: Santín, Luis J.. Universidad de Málaga; EspañaFil: Galeano, Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Cutuli, Debora. Universita Di Roma; ItaliaFil: Sampedro Piquero, Patricia. Universidad Autonoma de Madrid. Facultad de Psicología. Departamento de Psicología Biológica y de la Salud; Españ

Dramaturgia y escuela II : obras teatrales por, para y con adolescentes

Con este libro, complemento y continuación de "Dramaturgia y Escuela I", destinado a niños, se abre un camino muy poco explorado hasta el momento: el de una dramaturgia pensada con, por y para adolescentes. Se enfoca el hecho dramaturgia como parte del proceso de educar en valores y de formar alumnos capaces de llevar adelante con autonomía un proyecto de producción teatral. Los tres autores, desde estrategias y estilos diferentes, capitalizamos en estas páginas muchos años de experiencia como profesores de teatro de adolescentes y trazamos itinerarios posibles para promover que los jóvenes se piensen y se digan a sí mismos. También planteamos como aporte novedoso un proceso organizado y enriquecedor de recepción teatral incluido en el aprendizaje formal, necesario para que el teatro siga siendo un consumo cultural para todos. Es la escuela la que nos enseña a apreciar la cultura y a desarrollar una postura personal de dependencia o autonomía frente a ella. ¿Por qué el teatro iba a estar ausente y ser de uso exclusivo de unos pocos? Es la escuela la que deberá enseñar a ir al teatro y a posicionarse frente a este hecho de revelación humana y de gestación de referentes personales y sociales, con espíritu crítico y sentido de ubicación en el aquí y el ahora. Consideramos que, en las múltiples voces que viven, sienten y piensan en estas obras, muchos adolescentes se verán reflejados y acompañados en sus propias búsquedas y sus propias angustias. También hemos intentado trazar un posible camino pedagógico-didáctico para adultos valientes, dispuestos a acompañar a sus alumnos, desde los aprendizajes teatrales, en la maravillosa búsqueda de sus identidades en salud y en armonía. Celebramos y agradecemos la iniciativa del Instituto Nacional del Teatro, de abrir con estas publicaciones un camino de teatro y pedagogía que seguramente será continuado y enriquecido por muchos otros colegas que han transitado caminos similares

Plasticidad fenotípica de Pinus pinaster frente a la disponibilidad de nutrientes

7 páginas, 4 figuras, 1 tabla -- Comunicación presentada en la IV Reunión sobre Genética Forestal (2008), celebrada en Pontevedra entre el 27 y el 29 de junio de 2007.En tres ensayos factoriales familia x fertilización situados en sitios de baja fertilidad en el Sur de Galicia se analizó la plasticidad fenotípica en el desarrollo y la variación genética en plasticidad en familias de medios hermanos de Pinus pinaster. La autocorrelación espacial que presentaron las variables de estudio invalidaron las técnicas de análisis convencional, siendo necesario ajustar los datos espacialmente mediante técnicas de geoestadística. En las tres parcelas se encontró variación genética en el crecimiento de la población de estudio además de plasticidad fenotípica frente a la disponibilidad de nutrientes en el gradiente de fertilización ensayado. En concordancia con estudios nutricionales previos en Galicia, la fertilización resultó ser beneficiosa para el crecimiento de las plantas. También se encontró variación genética en la plasticidad en todas las parcelas, lo que indica que existen variaciones genéticas en la eficacia nutricional entre las familias estudiadas. Sin embargo, la interacción fertilización x sitio, familia x sitio y familia x fertilización x sitio muestra un patrón de respuesta complejo.Este trabajo se ha realizado al amparo del Proyecto de Investigación INIA-RTA05-173.Peer reviewe

Cognitive reserve mediates the severity of certain neuropsychological deficits related to cocaine use disorder

Introduction: The concept of cognitive reserve (CR) is being considered in the field of substance use disorder (SUD) by observing that there are individuals whose brain alterations are not related to the cognitive symptomatology they present. Aims: Our aims were to characterise the possible neuropsychological deficits in a sample of subjects with SUD compared to a control group and to determine whether the degree of CR is a mediator in the cognitive functioning of these patients. Methods: To perform these objectives, the study involved a sample of subjects with SUD in outpatient treatment and a control group. A CR questionnaire and a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment were administered, and we also collected data related to drug consumption and psychological well-being. Results: The SUD group showed poorer performance compared to the control group in several cognitive domains (attention, declarative memory, executive functions and emotional perception), as well as in psychological comfort. Interestingly, we observed that the deficits found in attention, declarative memory and executive functions were mediated by the CR level of the participants, an effect that we did not observe in the rest of the variables registered. Conclusion: Our results suggest that long-term drug consumption leads to cognitive deficits and affects the psychological well-being of the subjects. Moreover, the CR should be taken into account during the assessment and rehabilitation of patients with SUD due to its protective role against certain neuropsychological deficits.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

How productive are academic researchers in agriculture-related sciences? The Mexican case

This paper explores the effect of commercial farmers-academic researchers linkages on research productivity in fields related to agriculture. Using original data and econometric analysis, our findings show a positive and significant relationship between intensive linkages with a small number of commercial farmers and research productivity, when this is defined as publications in ISI journals. This evidence seems contrary to other contributions that argue that strong ties with the business sector reduce research productivity and distort the original purposes of university, i.e., conducting basic research and preparing highly-trained professionals. When research productivity is defined more broadly adding other types of research outputs, the relationship is also positive and significant confirming the argument that close ties between public research institutions and businesses foster the emergence of new ideas that can be translated into innovations with commercial and/or social value. Another important finding is that researchers in public institutions produce several types of research outputs; therefore, measuring research productivity only by published ISI papers misses important dimensions of research activities.agriculture sector, research productivity, university-business sector interaction, university-industry collaboration

Genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity of nutrient re-allocation and increased fine root production as putative tolerance mechanisms inducible by methyl jasmonate in pine trees

1. Plant plastic responses to herbivore damage may include rapid, active reallocation of plant resources to reduce the impact of herbivory on future plant fitness. However, whether these inducible tolerance responses can be extended to pine trees and how these responses could be modulated by genetic and environmental factors remains unclear.2. Biomass allocation and phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) concentrations in above- and belowground tissues were measured in Pinus pinaster juveniles belonging to 33 open-pollinated families grown under two P availabilities (P-deficient and complete fertilization). Measurements were taken 15 days after half of the plants received a foliar spray treatment of 22 mmol L)1 methyl jasmonate (MJ) to simulate above-ground herbivore attack.3. Simulated above-ground herbivory promoted a strong preferential allocation of biomass below ground in the form of fine roots, leading to an almost two-fold increase in fine root biomass in MJ-treated plants and a significant reduction in above-ground tissues and coarse roots. In addition, MJ signalling increased P andN concentrations in the shoots while reducing (P) or maintaining (N) concentrations in the roots. These results suggest that induced resource sequestration is not a generalized strategy in this pine species. Fine root biomass and concentration of N and P in plant tissues showed additive genetic variation, but responses to MJ signalling did not vary among families. Allocation of biomass to fine roots was not affected by P availability, whereas allocation of P to the shoot was more intense under complete fertilization.4. Synthesis: Two new putative tolerance mechanisms inducible by MJ signalling may help to minimize the impact of above-ground herbivore damage on the future fitness of young pine trees by (i) allocation of carbon to fine roots, this appeared to be a generalized strategy with weak environmental modulation and (ii) reallocation of P and N from roots to shoots, which was largely affected by P availability, and thus susceptible to greater phenotypic variation in heterogeneous environments. We provide evidence that changes in tolerance-related traits are rapidly inducible by herbivory cues in this pine species. These results should be integrated with induced resistance responses to fully understand the costs and benefits associated with induced responses to herbivory.This research was supported by the grants AGL2010-18724, RTA07-100, PSE310000. LS and XM received financial support from DOC-INIA and PREDOC-INIA grant programs respectively.INIAPeer Reviewe

Phenotypic plasticity of maritime pine to insect herbivory

PósterPeer Reviewe

Aberrant Brain Neuroplasticity and Function in Drug Addiction: A Focus on Learning-Related Brain Regions

This chapter will review the altered brain structure and function associated to drug addiction, with a focus on brain regions involved in learning and motivated behavior. As evidenced by both clinical and preclinical studies, repeated drug exposure affects whole brain neuroplasticity including the mesolimbic system which is a main locus for reward, an action-control center such as the dorsal striatum, and limbic brain regions such as the prefrontal cortex, the hippocampus, and the amygdala that are involved in behavioral control, memory, and mood. In this way, the drug-seeking actions that were initially intentional responses become involuntary habits governed by the dorsal striatum. Drug addiction may also curse with a reduced ability to experience rewards that are unrelated to drugs and emotional dysregulation, while the impairment on limbic regions contributes to generate cognitive symptoms. These entail persistent memories for previous experiences with the drug contrasting with a global cognitive decline that may hamper the acquisition of new, adaptive learnings. Overall, these features promote a desire for the drug, leading to relapse in drug use. Further drug exposure, in turn, aggravates its consequences on the brain and behavior, creating the harmful “addiction cycle.