The Gut Microbiota Of Insecticide-resistant Insects Houses Insecticide-degrading Bacteria: A Potential Source For Biotechnological Exploitation

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)The exploration of new niches for microorganisms capable of degrading recalcitrant molecules is still required. We hypothesized the gut microbiota associated with insect-resistant lines carry pesticide degrading bacteria, and predicted they carry bacteria selected to degrade pesticides they were resistant to. We isolated and accessed the pesticide-degrading capacity of gut bacteria from the gut of fifth instars of Spodoptera frugiperda strains resistant to lambda-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, chlorpyrifos ethyl, spinosad and lufenuron, using insecticide-selective media. Sixteen isolates belonging to 10 phylotypes were obtained, from which four were also associated with the susceptible strain. However, growth of gut bacteria associated with larvae from the susceptible strain was not obtained in any of the insecticide-based selective media tested. Growth of isolates was affected by the concentration of insecticides in the media, and all grew well up to 40 lag/ml. The insecticide degrading capacity of selected isolates was assessed by GC or LC-MS/MS analyses. In conclusion, resistant strains of S. frugiperda are an excellent reservoir of insecticide-degrading bacteria with bioremediation potential. Moreover, gut-associated bacteria are subjected to the selection pressure imposed by insecticides on their hosts and may influence the metabolization of pesticides in insects.123Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo provided a fellowship (FAPESP) [2010/13714-3, 2011/50877-0]Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

The pathways for Brazilian companies towards the fourth industrial revolution, the so-called "Industry 4.0"

In Industry 4.0 the interconnection of digital and real worlds is the main feature, there will be a massive growth in the use of digital technologies and an exponential growth in data generation. Production will be vertically connected with the processes that make up the business and horizontally connected to the value chains. It is not only competition that is demanding changes in manufacturing, the product life cycle is shrinking, and the demands for tailor-made production are increasing, migrating from mass production to mass customization of physical objects with the ability to communicate with the internet. Human beings assume a new role, as a creative element and resource manager, so human capital is key to the transformation that is intended, the lack of digital skills is certainly a more significant barrier that can prevent Brazil from implementing Industry 4.0. Flexibility, Quality and Time for Marketing are the demands of Industry 4.0. The aim of the research is to help companies position themselves in the "Industry 4.0" journey, understanding the lack of technological knowledge and how the internal and external environment of companies can promote the conditions for the new wave of creative development that will come. Brazilian industries have prioritized improving the production process, increasing productivity, but the focus should be expanded on the digitization effort advocated in the manufacturing of Industry 4.0. Companies seeking to adapt their processes and equipment to the "Intelligent Factory" needed to make the most of the opportunities presented by Industry 4.0 should be thought of as a five-step process as a way to help provide the guidelines that need to be followed and processes that they need to adopt to thrive in a connected world: to establish technological quality partnerships, ability of equipment to connect with each other, engage in team qualification, the ability to analyse data, and develop learning for decision-making with a view to business strategy. Being prepared for the 4th Industrial Revolution is imperative for our competitiveness

Threat, its impacts over survival systems, and related behavioral disorders

Defensive and appetitive motivation systems have evolved to propitiate more sophisticated interactions with environment threats and needs, such as nutrients, water, reproduction, and temperature regulation. In contact with survival-relevant environmental stimuli, organisms change as a whole to maximize fitness to that occasion. In this paper, an overview on defensive systems is described, as well as some relevant aspects of defensive states, including their impacts over appetitive functions. A parallel between these characteristics and what is called threat-related disorders in the present paper is drawn and, finally, these similarities are used as basis for a theoretical proposition that at least part of these disorders can be seen as persistent states of defense.Funções de sobrevivência e sistemas orgânicos relacionados evoluíram para propiciar interações mais sofisticadas com ameaças ambientais e necessidades individuais, tais como nutrientes, água, reprodução e regulação da temperatura. Apesar de o termo “sistema” sugerir ações independentes de circuitos em face de tais estímulos, evidências sugerem que os organismos se alteram como um todo em situações relevantes para a sobrevivência, maximizando sua adequação à ocasião. No presente artigo, é apresentada uma visão global de tais alterações organísmicas em face de ameaças, bem como o impaco dessas alterações sobre funções apetitivas. Traça-se, também, um paralelo entre essas características e os transtornos relativos a ameaças. Por fim, as similaridades apontadas servirão como base para uma proposição teórica segundo a qual ao menos parte desses transtornos pode ser entendida como estados permanentes de defesa

Graphic Interface Applied to Automated System to Manage the use of Tools in Machine

The processing industry has to find ways to reduce manufacturing costs, as a way to survive in the market with increasing competition. This competition has become increasingly driven by globalization, that is, an industry has to share the consumer market with other industries that are installed worldwide. One of the possible ways to reduce manufacturing costs is related to the efficient use of basic inputs. Among the main inputs used in the manufacture, some are specifically related to the tools that are installed on machines such as lathes, grinding machines, presses and others. Typically, the tools developed by the industry in the process engineering sector have dedicated characteristics that must be maintained to perform the appropriate transformation of the product being manufactured. The preservation of these characteristics is linked mainly with the specified service life for the use of each tool, in order to make the substitution before the product is affected by non conformities arising from the manufacturing process. The tool replacement at the right time becomes essential, but to perform this task should be considered aspects related to the early and late replacement, both of which can lead to increased costs for the purchase of tools or rework parts produced with different characteristics what was envisaged in the specification. In this context, this paper proposes a graphical interface to be integrated into the physical architecture of the automated system that makes managing the use of tools for industrial eccentric press. All virtual components designed for the windows of the graphical interface are significant and related to the procedures set out to make the replacement of each of the press tool. The validation of the functionality of the interface is obtained by means of tests on the prototype that adopts the basic elements provided in said architecture. The positive results observed in practical tests suggest that graphical interface is appropriat

APPROXIMATE MOTION MODEL FOR MOBILE ROBOTS LOCALIZATION

In mobile robotics, most part of the techniques which aim the elaboration of an efficient algorithm to the problem of localization is based on probabilistic approaches. Recently, one have applied algorithms bond to data that are conditioned to uncertainty, like the Monte Carlo Localization (MCL) that is part of a family of probabilistic algorithms dependent on the quality of two models: sensors and motion model. This paper proposes an approach for the generation of the motion model based on a discrete model and from that one searches the adequacy of a function of linear nature in order to represent the motion model in an approximated way, with the purpose of detecting the robot motion’s stochastic behavior. The obtained results show that the proposed models work for the problem of localization and they can be alternatives of choice to the MCL algorithm

Agrupamento de ingredientes com composição de aminoácidos similar à exigência nutricional da tilápia do Nilo

A busca de uma ração balanceada, que proporcione maior crescimento aos peixes, passa pela escolha adequada das fontes protéicas disponíveis. Este estudo teve por objetivo agrupar alimentos de acordo com o perfil de aminoácidos essenciais, determinando quais mostram perfis mais próximos do requerimento da tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus), e estudar a relação entre os aminoácidos dentro dos agrupamentos obtidos. Foram utilizadas composições de aminoácidos em relação ao conteúdo de lisina, de 40 alimentos comumente utilizados como ingredientes na formulação de dietas para peixes. Os ingredientes foram agrupados de acordo com o perfil de aminoácidos utilizando a análise de agrupamento por meio da distância Euclidiana, enquanto a análise de componentes principais foi utilizada para determinar a relação entre os aminoácidos em cada grupo obtido. Três grupos de ingredientes foram formados e apenas dois ingredientes, sorgo baixo tanino e farelo de glúten de milho 60%, não entraram em nenhum dos três grupos. A exigência de aminoácidos da tilápia do Nilo foi semelhante ao perfil de aminoácidos encontrado em 22 alimentos. A análise de componentes principais conseguiu resumir e explicar 75% da variância total com apenas três componentes principais. Até que maiores informações sobre a disponibilidade de aminoácidos de diferentes ingredientes sejam obtidas, o perfil total de aminoácidos continuará a ser uma informação valiosa na escolha dos ingredientes a serem utilizados na formulação e processamento de alimentos para tilápia do Nilo.The search for balanced diets, which may elicit improved growth of fish, requires appropriate selection of available protein sources. This study aims at clustering feedstuffs according to amino acid profile, determining which ones show essential amino acids (EAA) profiles closer to the ideal dietary amino acids requirements of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), and studying the relationship among amino acids feedstuffs groups. Tabled data on EAA more cystine and tyrosine, in relation to lysine contents, of 40 feedstuffs ordinarily used to formulate fish diets were studied. Feedstuffs were grouped according to amino acids profile by cluster analysis of Euclidean distances. The principal components analysis was used to determine the relationship among amino acids in each feedstuff group. Three groups of ingredients were parted and two ingredients, low tannin sorghum and corn gluten meal 60%, did not go with any group. Dietary amino acids requirements of Nile tilapia were similar to the amino acid profile of 22 feedstuffs. The principal component analysis explained with three principal components more than 75% of total variance of amino acids in three feedstuff groups. Therefore, until additional, detailed information on amino acids availability of different ingredients is consolidated, total amino acids profiles will continue to be important information to select and use conventional or surrogate ingredients for formulating and processing feeds for tilapia

UMA VOLTA À AMAZÔNIA: MEMÓRIAS DO CICLO DA BORRACHA EM TERRA CAÍDA, DE CATULO DA PAIXÃO CEARENSE

Este artigo busca discutir as reminiscências do período da história amazônica conhecido como Ciclo da Borracha contidas no poema Terra Caída, do escritor e compositor Catulo da Paixão Cearense (1863-1946). No que respeita a produção literária, é importante ressaltar que, enquanto campo simbólico, constitui-se em um espaço cruzado por distintas interfaces, entre elas a questão da História e da Memória. Nessa perspectiva, partindo de um trabalho de cunho bibliográfico, esta atividade consiste em um movimento de caráter dialético, uma vez que busca verificar na tessitura literária referências da vida dos sertanejos que migraram para a região amazônica, e sua metamorfose em seringueiros, circunscritos nas dicotomias da Belle Époque amazônica

AVALIAÇÃO DO CENÁRIO CIENTÍFICO A PARTIR DE UMA ANÁLISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA SOBRE OS TEMAS COMPETENCIAS E INDÚSTRIA 4.0

As transformações ocorridas da Indústria 4.0 estão sendo debatidas pelas comunidades cientificas, industrial e até renomadas consultorias no contexto global. As organizações de maneira geral exigem profissionais cada vez mais habilitados para lidar com a crescente complexidade dos processos e produtos, o novo paradigma da digitalização recomenda a necessidade de competências específicas para atuação neste contexto.  O artigo teve como objetivo apresentar um estudo bibliométrico que buscou identificar o perfil dos artigos científicos na base de dados Scopus sobre o termo competências e indústria 4.0, no período de 2012 a julho 2022 analisando como está a evolução da divulgação dos estudos científicos internacionais. Foi utilizado três leis bibliométricas com auxílio do software R Studio usando o pacote biblioshiny, e Software Ecxel auxiliou na construção das tabelas.  Foi trabalhada uma amostra de 421 artigos. O eixo de análise lei de Lotka o autor Akyazi, Tugce com 5 documentos ligado à Universidade de Bilbao na Espanha foi o que mais publicou, no eixo lei Bradford o periódico Sustainability Switzerland apresentou 18 documentos é o Jornal que mais pública. No eixo lei de Zipf a palavra indústria foi citada 1002 vezes.  O estudo também permitiu apreciar mais sobre o fenômeno da Quarta Revolução Industrial, as tecnologias impulsionadoras e seus desafios pertinente as competências para Quarta Revolução Industrial  evolucionando a discussão sobre este tema