A Retrospective Study of Small Animal Poisoning at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital from South Region of Brazil

Background: Poisoning cases are a challenge for the veterinary practitioner, since many agents can be involved. The incomplete patient history associated with advanced poisoning stage often leads to death. Since lacking information is common, it is essential to be aware of principal poisoning agents and their associated symptomatology. The aim of this study is to describe the major agents involved in small animal poisoning, the causative agent, poisoning route, time to search veterinary care, clinical signs and ancillary tests of canine and feline patients treated at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital from January 2010 to June 2016.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty-four medical records with poisoning history were found and reviewed, but only 30 medical records had complete data to be evaluated. There were 24 dogs and 6 cats, 17 female and 13 male. Six females were spayed. Poisoning agent identification was possible in 29 cases and was food, molluscicide, cleaning product, ornamental plants, medication, rodenticide and antiparasitic drugs. Fourteen poisonings were caused by the owner and 16 were accidental. There was a higher poisoning incidence in dogs than cats. Most of the patients were young and unneutered/unspayed.Discussion: In this study there was a higher poisoning prevalence in dogs than cats, as occurred in other studies published in Europe, Belgium, France, Greece, Italy, Spain, Austria and other Brazilian regions. Most of the patients were young, which is in agreement with previous studies in which young animals were more affected. Domestic antiparasitic drugs were the most common poisoning agents (33%), as reported in studies from France and Spain. In southern Brazil, the most common poisoning agent was medication, whereas in southeast Brazil, organophosphates were the most prevalent poisoning agent. Considering this, the geographic localisation seems to influence the poisoning agent. It is known that many owners give unprescribed medication to their pets and this also happened in this study, as 46% of the poisoning cases were caused by the owner. The most common clinical signs were gastrointestinal (76%, emesis and anorexia) and neurological (63%, depression). This is in agreement with another study that showed a high number of patients poisoned by medications leading to severe gastrointestinal clinical signs. Despite a history of eating spiced food, our food-poisoned patient did not show clinical signs compatible with pepper poisoning. In fact, clinical signs were more compatible with salt or onion and garlic poisoning, but there was no history to support that our patient had eaten these foods. The patient who ate fern and busy Lizzie (Impatiens walleriana) did not show clinical signs compatible with these agents but showed gastrointestinal clinical signs that could have occurred due to plant indigestion. This fact emphasises the need for more studies in this area. One dog with rodenticide poisoning presented with normal blood test results, but the blood sample was collected a few hours after exposure. This can occur after brodifacoum poisoning, which has a longer half-life than warfarin. In brodifacoum poisoning cases, clinical signs can appear days after exposure. In one dog, it was not possible to indentify the poisoning agent and this specific patient case exemplifies the challenge to diagnose the exact poisoning agent and concomitant diseases when the history is incomplete. This retrospective study shows the heterogeneity of the causative agents and the associated symptomatology, which highlights the need for further studies in this area. In this study, antiparasitic drugs were the most common poisoning agents, especially pyrethroids. Dogs were more affected than cats. Most of the patients were young and unneutered/unsprayed, indicating these characteristics could be a risk factor in this study

Gastric cryptococcosis: an unusual presentation of a common opportunistic disorder

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Repercussões para saúde mental de profissionais de enfermagem atuantes no enfrentamento à Covid-19: revisão integrativa

Objective:  To identify the repercussions on mental health of nursing professionals who are in the face of Covid-19 in the first year of the pandemic context. Method:  integrative literature review conducted in May 2021 in the electronic databases SCOPUS, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science and Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS). Results:  1,249 publications were found whose application of inclusion, exclusion and critical reading criteria culminated in the analysis of 18 articles from experiences from China, Turkey, Italy, Canada, United States, Philippines, Brazil, Portugal and Ethiopia. The main repercussions involved in mental illness were anxiety, depression, stress, Burnout syndrome, mental sleep disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder. Conclusion: The mental health of nurses is extremely fragile in the face of the pandemic context. This emergency in world health eventually triggered physical, emotional and psychological consequences in these workers.Objetivo: identificar as repercussões na saúde mental de profissionais de enfermagem atuantes no enfrentamento da Covid-19 no primeiro ano do contexto pandêmico. Método: revisão integrativa de literatura realizada em maio de 2021 nas bases de dados eletrônicas SCOPUS, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). Resultados: foram encontradas 1249 publicações cuja aplicação de critérios de inclusão, exclusão e leitura crítica, culminou na análise de 18 artigos provenientes de vivências da China, Turquia, Itália, Canadá, Estados Unidos, Filipinas, Brasil, Portugal e Etiópia. As principais repercussões envolvidas no adoecimento mental foram: ansiedade, depressão, estresse, síndrome de Burnout, transtornos mentais do sono e transtorno de estresse pós-traumático. Conclusão: a saúde mental dos enfermeiros encontra-se extremamente fragilizada frente ao contexto pandêmico. Essa emergência na saúde mundial, acabou por desencadear consequências físicas, emocionais e psicológicas nesses trabalhadores

Use of radiotherapy in immature heterotopic ossification in patients with spinal cord injury

A incidência de ossificação heterotópica (OH) nos pacientes adultos com lesão raquimedular é de aproximadamente 20%. A OH costuma ter evolução benigna, mas pode causar redução da amplitude do movimento articular e dificultar o processo de reabilitação. Existem poucos estudos que mostram o uso da radioterapia no tratamento da OH em pacientes com lesão medular. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar se há progressão da ossificação imatura em pacientes com lesão medular submetidos à radioterapia como tratamento primário. Foram selecionados os prontuários de pacientes da clínica de lesão medular da Associação de Assistência à Criança Deficiente (AACD) que apresentaram OH imatura e que receberam tratamento com radioterapia, sendo este o único tratamento em todos os casos. É um estudo tipo coorte histórico. Para análise da evolução da ossificação foram utilizados como parâmetros a comparação da amplitude de movimento da articulação afetada, medida com goniômetro, e a imagem radiográfica, graduando a ossificação de acordo com a classificação proposta por Brooker et al. O tempo de seguimento do estudo foi de 23,3 meses. Quatorze das 15 articulações estudadas não apresentaram piora clínica ou progressão da ossificação heterotópica. Não foram observados efeitos colaterais à radioterapia. Concluímos que os pacientes tratados precocemente com radioterapia não apresentaram progressão significativa da OH e que a radioterapia é um método seguro e de fácil aplicação.The incidence of heterotopic ossification (HO) in adult patients with spinal cord injuries is roughly 20%. HO usually has a benign development, but can reduce the range of joint motion and hinder the rehabilitation process. Few studies have shown the use of radiotherapy in the treatment of HO in patients with spinal cord injuries. The objective of this study is to assess whether immature heterotopic ossification progresses in patients with spinal cord injuries submitted to radiotherapy as the primary treatment. The medical records of patients attending the spinal cord injury clinic of AACD (Associação de Assistência à Criança Deficiente) with immature HO and who were treated exclusively with radiotherapy were selected. This is a historical cohort-type study. Ossification progress was determined by analysis of the range of motion of the affected joint, measurements with a goniometer and radiographic image. Ossification was classified according to the classification proposed by Brooker et al. The study follow-up period was 23.3 months. Fourteen of the 15 studied joints did not worsen clinically, nor did the HO progress. None of the patients had side effects from radiotherapy. We conclude that patients treated early with radiotherapy do not present significant HO development and that radiotherapy is a safe and easy-to-use method

Módulo VIII: Linhas de cuidado: oncologia (câncer de mama, câncer de colo de útero e tumores de próstata)

Ministério da Saúd

Estágio Supervisionado em Psicologia Escolar: Uma Experiência na Perspectiva Institucional

The theme of the initial formation in Psychology has been motivating a lot of researches and publications in the area of School Psychology, especially aiming at criticality to the formation and consequent performance. This article aims to present supervision actions of a professional internship with emphasis on the formation of the school psychologists. The theoretical assumptions which supported this formation are based on School Critical Psychology and Historic-Cultural Psychology. It will be related experiences of internship with a school psychologist who works in the public education system of Distrito Federal and who develops an institutional role with a focus on collective empowerment and the pursuit of the school success. The actions of the internship sought to strengthen the role of the school psychologist on mediation of the human development and social political changes pressing in the context of public education in the country. This work is expected to contribute to the expansion of the reflections about the commitment with the formation on School Psychology in the graduation through a critical theory-practice articulation, contextualized by the daily praxis of school psychologists and not only those who are in the school.El tema de la formación inicial en Psicología en la graduación viene motivando muchos estudios, repercutiendo también en las producciones relativas a la Psicología Escolar, sobretodo vislumbrando mayor criticidad referente a la formación y actuación. Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar acciones de supervisión de prácticas profesionales con un énfasis en la formación de psicólogos escolares. Los presupuestos teóricos que basaron esa formación se fundamentan en la Psicología Escolar Crítica y en la Psicología Histórico Cultural. Se presentarán experiencias de prácticas junto a la psicóloga escolar del sistema de enseñanza pública del Distrito Federal que desarrolla una actuación institucional con el foco en la potenciación colectiva y en la búsqueda del éxito escolar. Las acciones de prácticas buscaron fortalecer el papel del psicólogo escolar en la mediación del desarrollo humano y de transformaciones socio-políticas existentes en los contextos de la educación pública en el país. Se espera, con ese trabajo, contribuir a la ampliación de las reflexiones acerca del compromiso con la formación en psicología escolar en la graduación por medio de una crítica articulación teoría-práctica, contextualizada por la práxis cotidiana de psicólogos que son escolares y no sólo están en la escuela.O tema da formação inicial em Psicologia vem motivando vastos estudos e publicações na área da Psicologia Escolar, especialmente visando maior criticidade à formação e consequente atuação. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar ações de supervisão de estágio profissional com ênfase à formação de psicólogos escolares. Os pressupostos teóricos que embasaram essa formação fundamentam-se na Psicologia Escolar Crítica e na Psicologia histórico-cultural. Serão relatadas experiências de estágio junto a uma psicóloga escolar que trabalha no sistema de ensino público do Distrito Federal e que desenvolve uma atuação institucional com o foco no empoderamento coletivo e no sucesso escolar. As ações de estágio buscaram fortalecer o papel do(a) psicólogo(a) escolar na mediação do desenvolvimento humano e de transformações sócio-políticas prementes nos contextos da educação pública no país. Espera-se com este trabalho contribuir para a ampliação das reflexões acerca do compromisso com a formação em Psicologia Escolar na graduação por meio de uma crítica articulação teoria-prática, contextualizada pela práxis cotidiana de psicólogos(as) que são escolares, e não somente estão na escola

O uso de drogas por motoristas caminhoneiros e o comportamento de risco nas estradas

Justification and Objective: Verify the drugs use by truck drivers and the risk exposure and lifestyle on roads. Since the drugs are increasingly present among truck drivers, and since they are active in transit they need to realize that as a result of bad habits its mandatory not put at risk their health condition and prevent social complications. Method: This is a quantitative, descriptive and exploratory study with 31 drivers of a dairy cooperative. It was applied a questionnaire with 34 questions related to risk exposure and traffic lifestyle and the ASSIST Test. Statistical analyzes were performed by Epi Info®. The significance level used was pJustificativa e objetivos: verificar o uso de drogas por motoristas caminhoneiros e a exposição do risco e o estilo de vida nas estradas. Visto que, as drogas estão cada vez mais presentes entre os caminhoneiros, e, por serem atuante no trânsito, necessita perceber em decorrência dos maus hábitos a necessidade que não o expõem em risco a condição de saúde e evitem complicações sociais. Métodos: trata se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e exploratório com 31 motoristas de uma cooperativa de laticínios. Aplicou-se um Questionário elaborado com 34 questões referente à Exposição de Risco e ao Estilo de Vida no Trânsito, e o Teste ASSIST. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas pelo programa estatístico Epi Info®. O nível de significância de

RESPONSE OF COMMON BEAN TO RHIZOBIUM INOCULATION AND SUPPLEMENTAL MINERAL NITROGEN IN TWO BRAZILIAN BIOMES

Fernandes de Brito L, Pacheco RS, de Souza Filho BF, de Brito Ferreira EP, Straliotto R, Araujo AP. RESPONSE OF COMMON BEAN TO RHIZOBIUM INOCULATION AND SUPPLEMENTAL MINERAL NITROGEN IN TWO BRAZILIAN BIOMES. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo. 2015;39(4):981-992.Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) may benefit from biological N-2 fixation, but inconsistent responses of the crop to rhizobium inoculation indicate the need for supplemental mineral N fertilization. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the response of the common bean crop to rhizobium inoculation in association with supplemental mineral N in the Cerrado (Brazilian tropical savanna) and Atlantic Forest biomes. Four field experiments were carried out, two in Santo Antonio de Goias (State of Goias), one in Valenca (State of Rio de Janeiro), and another in Macae (State of Rio de Janeiro), all in Brazil. Inoculation with commercial rhizobium strains was compared to inoculation with strain BR 923 of Sinorhizobium sp., to mineral N fertilization, and to supplementation with N at sowing and in topdressing. Evaluation of the native rhizobium population indicated 105 cells g(-1) in the soil of the experimental area in Goias, previously cultivated with common bean, and 102 cells g(-1) in the soil in Valenca, previously kept in pasture. In both experiments in Goias, grain yields of around 2,100 kg ha(-1) did not differ among the control treatments, rhizobia inoculation, or the application of 120 kg ha(-1) of N. In Valenca, inoculation with commercial strains provided yields from the cultivar Ouro Negro higher than the absolute control, in the lack of topdressing N fertilization. With 40 kg ha(-1) of N in topdressing, rhizobium inoculation led to 3,420 kg ha(-1) of grain yield, higher than the other treatments. In the mean of different N sources at sowing, topdressing fertilization increased grain yield from 2,367 to 2,542 kg ha(-1). In Macae, in a soil with high organic matter content, the highest yields were obtained with inoculation of commercial strains associated with 40 kg ha(-1) of N in topdressing, and there were deleterious effects from application of 80 kg ha(-1) of N at sowing. We conclude that in areas without a previous common bean crop, inoculation with commercial rhizobium strains increases grain yield, particularly when associated with topdressing N fertilization