Síndrome da Veia Cava Superior Idiopática: Relato de Caso

The Superior Vena Cava Syndrome(SVCS) is a set of signs and symptoms resulting from venous stasis caused by the obstruction of the superior vena cava(VCS) due to thrombosis, extrinsic compression or direct invasion of the vein. The most common causes of SVCS are malignant, lung cancer being the leading cause. There are few reports in the literature on SVCS of benign etiology. We describe a case of SVCS of idiopathic origin, where the author studied and excluded all benign etiologies of SVCS, until arriving at etiological diagnosis.A Síndrome da Veia Cava Superior(SVCS) é um conjunto de sinais e sintomas decorrentes da estase venosa gerada pela obstrução da veia cava superior(VCS), seja por trombose, compressão extrínseca ou invasão direta da veia. As causas mais comuns de SVCS são malignas, sendo o câncer de pulmão a principal causa. Existem poucos relatos na literatura sobre SVCS de etiologia benigna. Descrevemos um caso de SVCS de origem Idiopática, onde o autor estudou e excluiu todas as etiologias benignas de SVCS, até chegar ao diagnóstico etiológico

Phloroglucinol is Effective for in vitro Growth and Multiplication of Musa accuminata Cv. Grand Naine Shoots and Roots

Despite being a major staple food in the world, banana production in the United States is still limited, with about 500 acres under cultivation. Micropropagation has been an effective method for the large-scale production of bananas to meet both domestic and international markets. However, the efficiency of micropropagation protocols depends on several factors, particularly on the types, combinations, and levels of plant growth regulators used in the culture media. Phloroglucinol is a growth regulator that acts synergistically with auxins and cytokinins. The use of phloroglucinol for the production and development of in vitro plantlets of Musa spp. cv. Grande Naine were investigated. Multiplication and elongation of shoots and roots in vitro was enhanced by the addition of 200 μM phloroglucinol to MS medium, as compared to the control with 13.2 μM BA. Higher concentrations (400 to 1000 μM phloroglucinol) resulted in reduced growth and development of shoots and roots in vitro

Abordagem do tema terrorismo em sala de aula por meio de uma sequência didática

Este trabalho tem como proposta a apresentação e análise do projeto "As nuances do Terrorismo e suas Interdisciplinaridades", desenvolvido por meio de uma sequência didática e suas atividades vinculadas ao Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID), Subprojeto Interdisciplinar – Linha de Ação: Letramento do Ensino Médio, associado à Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia - UESB, campus de Vitória da Conquista/BA. O relato aqui apresentado é pertinente às atividades realizadas no 2º semestre, dentro no ano letivo de 2017, envolvendo 28 alunos do Centro Estadual de Educação Profissional em Saúde Adélia Teixeira. A sequência didática foi construída com auxílio de notícias, vídeos e interpretações de texto, com a metodologia qualitativa, mostrando a ampliação do conhecimento dos discentes acerca do tema terrorismo e propondo medidas de reconhecimento e combate aos estereótipos inerentes ao assunto.This work has the proposal of presenting and analyzing the project "The Terrorism nuances and its Interdisciplinarities", which was developed through a didactic sequence and its activities associated to the Institutional Scholarship Program for Teaching Initiation (PIBID), Interdisciplinary Subproject - Line of Action: High School Literacy, associated with the Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia - UESB, Campus of Vitória da Conquista / BA. The report presented here is pertinent to the activities carried out during the 2nd semester, within the academic year of 2017, and engaging 28 students from the Centro Estadual de Educação Profissional em Saúde Adélia Teixeira. The didactic sequence was performed with the aid of news, videos, and text interpretations, by using a qualitative methodology, showing the expansion of the students' knowledge on the Terrorism theme and proposing measures to recognize and combat the stereotypes inherent to this subject

Potential Exposure and Risk Associated with Metal Contamination in Foods

Humans require several trace elements as components of the diet. Some of these elements are required in extremely small quantities (only micrograms per day). On the other hand, in higher concentrations, some elements may also have deleterious, even lethal, effects. Metals such as arsenic, chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) are naturally occurring chemical compounds. The contamination of food with these metals occurs mainly through human activities, such as farming and industry, or from contamination during food processing and storage. People can be exposed to these metals by ingesting contaminated food or water, and their accumulation in the body can lead to harmful effects over time. The main objective of this chapter is to provide a literature review on the various types of foodborne poisoning caused by the contamination of food with arsenic, Cr, Pb, and Hg and on food safety issues associated with the presence of these metals in food. Research findings from various studies carried out to examine the relationship between metal exposure and the adverse health effects of metals are addressed

Soybean (Glycine max) as a versatile biocatalyst for organic synthesis

A series of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes and ketones were reduced using plant cell preparations of Glycine max seeds (soybean). The biotransformation of five aromatic aldehydes in water, at room temperature afforded the corresponding alcohols in excellent yields varying from 89 to 100%. Two prochiral aromatic ketones yielded the alcohol in very low conversion, 1% and to 4%; however with good enantiomeric excess (ee) of 99 and 79%, respectively. Additionally, three prochiral and one cyclic aliphatic ketones produced the corresponding alcohols in moderate yields varying from 10 to 58% and ee varying from 73 to 99%. Hydrolysis of two aromatic esters yielded the expected carboxylic acids in 49 and 66%. Most of the obtained alcohols have commercial value as cosmetic fragrances. Although, the enzymes present in soybean (reductase/lipase) has not been defined, the reaction is an important route for the preparation of pure alcohols and carboxylic acid, with low cost and environmental impact.Keywords: Glycine max, biocatalysis, bioreduction, aldehydes and ketones, ester hydrolysi

Avaliação citopatológica de tumores mamários em cães submetidos à terapia por corrente elétrica contínua

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Study of comparative bioavailability among two formulations containing hydroxyzine hydrochloride in healthy volunteers after a single dose administration

The study was performed to compare the bioavailability of two hydroxyzine hydrochloride 25 mg tablet formulation in 16 volunteers of both sexes. The study was conducted open with randomized two period crossover design and a two weeks wash out period. Plasma samples were obtained over a 96 h interval. Hydroxyzine concentrations were analyzed by Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Bioequivalence between the products was determined by calculating 90 % confidence intervals (90 % I.C) for the ratio of AUC0-t , AUC0-inf and Cmax values for the test and reference products, using logarithmic transformed data. The 90 % confidence intervals were 81.89-105.85 %, 84.61-105.30 %, and 84.04-108.66 %, respectively. Since the 90 % confidence intervals for Cmax , AUC0-t and AUC0-inf were within the 80-125 % interval proposed by the Food and Drug Administration, it was concluded that the two hydroxyzine hydrochloride formulations are bioequivalent in their rate and extent of absorption.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Study of comparative bioavailability among two formulations containing hydroxyzine hydrochloride in healthy volunteers after a single dose administration

The study was performed to compare the bioavailability of two hydroxyzine hydrochloride 25 mg tablet formulation in 16 volunteers of both sexes. The study was conducted open with randomized two period crossover design and a two weeks wash out period. Plasma samples were obtained over a 96 h interval. Hydroxyzine concentrations were analyzed by Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Bioequivalence between the products was determined by calculating 90 % confidence intervals (90 % I.C) for the ratio of AUC0-t , AUC0-inf and Cmax values for the test and reference products, using logarithmic transformed data. The 90 % confidence intervals were 81.89-105.85 %, 84.61-105.30 %, and 84.04-108.66 %, respectively. Since the 90 % confidence intervals for Cmax , AUC0-t and AUC0-inf were within the 80-125 % interval proposed by the Food and Drug Administration, it was concluded that the two hydroxyzine hydrochloride formulations are bioequivalent in their rate and extent of absorption.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Enzymatic synthesis of sugar esters and their potential as surface-active stabilizers of coconut milk emulsions

Sugar esters are compounds with surfactant properties (biosurfactants), i.e., capable of reducing the surface tension and promote the emulsification of immiscible liquids. On the other hand, as with all emulsions, coconut milk is not physically stable and is prone to phase separation. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the synthesis of fructose, sucrose and lactose esters from the corresponding sugars using Candida antarctica type B lipase immobilized in two different supports, namely acrylic resin and chitosan, and evaluate its application in the stabilization of coconut milk emulsions. The enzyme immobilized on chitosan showed the highest yield of lactose ester production (84.1%). Additionally, the production of fructose ester was found to be higher for the enzyme immobilized on the acrylic resin support (74.3%) as compared with the one immobilized on chitosan (70.1%). The same trend was observed for the sucrose ester, although with lower percentage yields. Sugar esters were then added to samples of fresh coconut milk and characterized according to their surface tension, emulsification index and particle size distribution. Although the microscopic analysis showed similar results for all sugar esters, results indicated lactose ester as the best biosurfactant, with a surface tension of 38.0 N/m and an emulsification index of 54.1%, when used in a ratio of 1:10 (biosurfactant: coconut milk, v/v) for 48 hour experiments.The authors acknowledge the AlBan Programme (European Union Programme of High Level Scholarships for Latin America) for financial support of N. Lopes through the research grant E07D401544BR. Furthermore, the authors acknowledge the Chemical Engineering Department e Federal University of Ceara (Campus of Pici - Brazil) and Biotechnology Laboratory - Federal University of Ceara for enabling the use of their laboratory facilities

Avaliação de risco em mioloma múltiplo: resultados preliminares do grupo brasileiro de estudos de mieloma

The Durie/Salmon staging system continues to be used worldwide in patients with multiple myeloma. However, in recent years, new systems have been proposed. The International Myeloma Working Group performed a retrospective study with 11,179 patients and proposed an "International Staging System" utilizing serum levels of â2 microglobulin and albumin. In addition, current research has focused on the usefulness of cytogenetic and molecular data as prognostic factors. These data suggest that these parameters are powerful discriminators of a poor prognostic group of myeloma patients. Indeed, these prognostic indexes have been utilized in clinical trials, with interesting and encouraging results.O esquema de Durie / Salmon continua a ser utilizado para estadiar os pacientes com mieloma múltiplo. Recentemente, um novo sistema mais simples e eficaz foi proposto. O "International Myeloma Working Group" realizou um estudo retrospectivo com 11.179 pacientes e a partir destes dados propôs a criação de um "International Staging System (ISS)" utilizando os níveis séricos de ß2 microglobulina e de albumina ao diagnóstico. Além do ISS a pesquisa está voltada para identificar alterações citogenéticas e moleculares que se correlacionem com o prognóstico no mieloma múltiplo. Estes fatores prognósticos têm sido utilizados para estratificar pacientes em ensaios clínicos com resultados promissores