El acceso al empleo a través de la orientación laboral en el contexto español

Full employment is a challenge that we face since the nineteenth century, being this objective by which the governments have gone from practicing a corrective policy to a more interventionist one being created in the case of Spain the Law 56/2003 of Employment based on two pillars, to mitigate the effects of the unemployment, and to face its causes through the orientation, formation and intermediation until reaching the insertion of the active population. However, with the economic and financial crisis of 2008, the ability of the Public Employment Services (Servicios Públicos de Empleo) to fight against unemployment has been questioned and we have questioned the viability of the current system. This article reviews the labor insertion programs in Andalusia in order to analyze their adequacy to the needs of job applicants, reflecting on their efficiency and effectiveness with the final objective of proposing improvements.El pleno empleo es un reto al que nos hemos enfrentamos desde el siglo XIX, siendo este objetivo el motivo por el que los gobiernos han pasado de practicar una política correctora a una más intervencionista, creando en el caso de España la Ley 56/2003 de Empleo basada en dos pilares, mitigar los efectos del desempleo y enfrentar sus causas a través de la orientación, formación e intermediación hasta llegar a la inserción de la población activa. Sin embargo, con la crisis económica y financiera de 2008, se ha cuestionado la capacidad de los Servicios Públicos de Empleo para luchar contra el paro y hemos cuestionado la viabilidad del sistema actual. Este artículo revisa los programas de inserción laboral en Andalucía con el fin de analizar su adecuación a las necesidades de los solicitantes de empleo, reflexionando sobre su eficiencia y eficacia con el objetivo final de proponer mejoras

La «Derecha Radical» en Europa y España: Racismo, Xenofobia y Discriminación

Due to the rise of the presence of radical right parties in the political spectrum, this work focuses on knowing the characteristic elements around which the parties of the «Radical Right» are structured and what has been their electoral behavior both at the level of the European Union (EU) and in Spain in recent years. To this end, we have carried out a bibliographic review, at a theoretical level, and a scrutiny of the electoral results of the parties of the radical right by consulting the databases of the European Parliament, the Ministry of the Interior and the Autonomous Communities. The main conclusions we reach are that, in fact, there has been a significant increase in the presence of this type of party both in the EU and in Spain and that their main ideological assets are ultranationalism and a strong opposition to immigration, which leads them to xenophobic, racist and discriminatory positions (not only against foreigners but also against women and LGTBIQ + groups).Debido al auge de la presencia de partidos de derecha radical en el espectro político, el presente trabajo se centra en conocer los elementos característicos en torno a los cuales se vertebran los partidos de la «Derecha Radical» y cuál ha sido su comportamiento electoral tanto a nivel de la Unión Europea (UE) cómo en España en los últimos años. Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo una revisión bibliográfica y un escrutinio de los resultados electorales de los partidos de la derecha radical consultando las bases de datos del Parlamento Europeo, el Ministerio del Interior y las Comunidades Autónomas. Las principales conclusiones a las que se han llegado son que, en efecto, se ha producido un aumento significativo de la presencia de este tipo de partidos tanto en la UE como en España y que sus principales bazas ideológicas son el ultranacionalismo y una fuerte oposición a la inmigración, lo que les lleva a posiciones xenófobas, racistas y discriminatorias (no sólo contra los extranjeros sino también contra las mujeres y los colectivos LGTBIQ+)

The in-court family mediation from a social perspective

El divorcio de una pareja puede producir una quiebra importante en el seno de la familia, hasta el punto de dejarla en riesgo de exclusión social tanto por factores económicos como de tipo social, siendo este hecho bien conocido por los profesionales del trabajo social. En España, en los últimos años, se divorcian la mitad de las parejas que contraen matrimonio, situándose la duración de este en una media de seis años. Una cuarta parte de los divorcios que se producen lo hacen por la vía contenciosa, siendo este procedimiento más duradero en el tiempo y más costoso, tanto en el plano económico como en el emocional. Por ello, consideramos necesario la promoción de la mediación en el ámbito judicial como un instrumento complementario de la acción jurisdiccional, que permita a las parejas que se divorcian recomponer la comunicación, alcanzar acuerdos beneficiosos para ambas partes y transformar la relación en su nueva vida como personas divorciadas, sobre todo cuando hay hijos menores.It is a well-known fact to social work professionals that a couple’s divorce can produce a rupture within the family, one that can lead to social exclusion due to both economic and social factors.Over the last years, in Spain, half the couples that get married end up in divorce, the average duration being of six years. One quarter of divorces take place through litigation, this being one of the lengthiest procedures and the most expensive one, both on an economic and emotional level. This leads us to promote mediation in the judicial context as a complementary instrument to the jurisdictional action that will allow divorced couples to restore communication, reach win-win arrangements, transform their relationships and construct their new life as divorced individuals, especially when there are children involved

SROI Methodology for Public Administration Decisions about Financing with Social Criteria. A Case Study

The measurement of impacts has been considered one of the best methodologies to evaluate the level of achievement of social entities’ objectives as well as of their contribution to resolving social problems. Those methodologies can guide public policies and subsidies granting, as they help to identify the organizations producing a higher social value, and the e ects of their projects. Our research focused on the e ectiveness and the e ciency of social entities, measured through their capacity to generate impacts on their stakeholders. The research was realized through the analysis of a case study: the special education center for disabled youths, CEE-SA, in Spain. The social return on investment (SROI) methodology has allowed us to monetarize the social value created for stakeholders through the activity carried out by CEE-SA, and it provides information about the whole value creation process that is generated, for which the analysis and follow-up through the indicators o ers a contribution to its management system. This case study can serve as a reference in assessing the management processes of similar entities and can also highlight SROI usefulness for public administrations as an assessment tool for subsidies granted on social criteria. The originality of this research relies on the new SROI methodology provided for the assessment of public financing decisions, especially in a field that remains as under-researched as special education schools

El fotoperiodismo dentro del escenario migratorio en las costas marítimas de la Unión Europea.

Resumen: Este artículo analiza un conjunto de escenas fotográficas en las costas marítimas de la Unión Europea (UE), divulgadas por fotógrafos presentes en los lugares a los que llegan los inmigrantes. Intentamos responder a la pregunta: ¿Cuál es el lugar del sujeto en el mundo? a través del análisis de las imágenes seleccionadas que reproducen este drama humanitario. Desde una metodología hermenéutica, intentamos dar respuesta a la retórica de la exclusión que dibuja, metafóricamente, dos mundos separados; los inmigrantes frente a los residentes europeos y pone de manifiesto el (no)lugar del inmigrante en el discurso de las políticas migratorias de la UE. El resultado es la reproducción del imaginario colectivo que alimenta el racismo y las xenofobias donde la invisibilidad del inmigrante tiene su construcción social. Concluimos que los cambios positivos, pueden estar representados en las manos solidarias de los que salvan vidas en el Mediterráneo que desvelan una mirada (imagen simbólica) de que sólo existe un mundo, y en él, viene el derecho a la una vida digna para todos.Abstract: This article analyses a set of photographs of the maritime coasts of the European Union (EU), released by photographers located in places where immigrants arrive on precarious ships, fleeing poverty and the wars that afflict them. The study tries to answer the question "What is the place of the subject in the world?” through the analysis of the selected images that reproduce a humanitarian drama. The results indicate the following discursive arguments: the rhetoric of exclusion draws, metaphorically, two separate worlds, immigrants versus European residents, and highlights the (non)place of the immigrant in the discourse of EU migration policies; a reproduction of the collective imaginary that feeds racism and xenophobia, where the invisibility of the immigrant is a social construct; the positive changes for humanity, which can be represented in the hands of solidarity of those who save lives in the Mediterranean, revealing a symbolic image: There is only one world, and with it, the right to a dignified life for all

The Lysholm score: Cross cultural validation and evaluation of psychometric properties of the Spanish version

This study aims at assessing the validity and reliability of the Spanish version of the Lysholm score, a widely used instrument for assessing knee function and activity level after ligament injuries. Ninety-five participants (67.4% male, 22±5 years) completed the questionnaire twice within 7 days and a subsample of 42 participants completed a test-retest reliability. Reliability, validity and feasibility psychometric properties were studied. The validity of the questionnaire was analysed using ceiling and floor effects. Factor structure and construct validity were analysed with the SF-36, the Hip and Knee Questionnaire (HKQ) and one leg jump test (OLJT). Criterion validity with the SF-36 Physical State was moderate (r = 0.50 and p<0.01), poor and inverse relationship (r = -0.31, p<0.01) with HKQ and positive moderate (r = 0.59, p<0.01) with OLJT. Measurement error from MDC90 was 3.9%. Exploratory factor analysis demonstrated a one-factor solution explaining 51.5% of total variance. The x2 test for the one-factor model was significant (x2 = 29.58, df = 20, p < 0.08). Test-retest reliability level was high (ICC2.1 = 0.92, p<0.01) and also the internal consistency (α = 0.77). The Spanish Lysholm score demonstrated that it is a reliable and valid instrument that can be used to assess knee function after ligament injuries.This study takes place thanks to the additional funding from the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigación 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES)

Physiological Regulation of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase and the Role of 2-Oxoglutarate in Prochlorococcus sp. Strain PCC 9511

The enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH; EC 1.1.1.42) catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate, to produce 2- oxoglutarate. The incompleteness of the tricarboxylic acids cycle in marine cyanobacteria confers a special importance to isocitrate dehydrogenase in the C/N balance, since 2-oxoglutarate can only be metabolized through the glutamine synthetase/glutamate synthase pathway. The physiological regulation of isocitrate dehydrogenase was studied in cultures of Prochlorococcus sp. strain PCC 9511, by measuring enzyme activity and concentration using the NADPH production assay and Western blotting, respectively. The enzyme activity showed little changes under nitrogen or phosphorus starvation, or upon addition of the inhibitors DCMU, DBMIB and MSX. Azaserine, an inhibitor of glutamate synthase, induced clear increases in the isocitrate dehydrogenase activity and icd gene expression after 24 h, and also in the 2-oxoglutarate concentration. Iron starvation had the most significant effect, inducing a complete loss of isocitrate dehydrogenase activity, possibly mediated by a process of oxidative inactivation, while its concentration was unaffected. Our results suggest that isocitrate dehydrogenase responds to changes in the intracellular concentration of 2-oxoglutarate and to the redox status of the cells in Prochlorococcus

Material elastic waves test exploitation in benefit of composite structure health monitoring

Composite structures suffer from an unsatisfactory behavior to impact damage, which involves conservative designs, high maintenance and repair costs in order to prevent premature failures. These time-consuming operations can be optimized by SHM techniques. In the case study presented, a 48 PZT sensing network has been integrated within two similar composite panels, representative of real aeronautical structures and multi-functional skin concept, approximate size 600mm width and 1650mm length, with substrate made of carbon fiber and thermoset matrix, with two integrated hat stiffeners along the longitudinal direction, and transverse C metallic stiffeners. This sensors network may be used by both active and passive techniques. Passive monitoring consists in the continuous acquisition of high frequency signals during impacts tests on the structure, and thus detecting impact time and location. Active methods require that at least one PZT works as an actuator, thus generating elastic Lamb waves that propagate along the structure. Damage-wave interaction is studied, in such a way that damage detection and location should be possible. The test plan includes different sources of damages from an instrumented impact hammer till air shotgun scenario, taking into consideration BVID levels defined for each part. This paper deals with the analysis of waves traveling through the structure in benefit of event and damage characterization

Beyond visual acuity: Patient-relevant assessment measures of visual function in retinal diseases

Purpose: To identify patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and other clinical outcome measures (contrast sensitivity (CS), low-luminance visual acuity (LLVA) and reading acuity or reading speed (RA-RS)), relevant to patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or diabetic retinopathy (DR), which would be recommended for use in clinical practice. Methods: The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method, based on the synthesis of the scientific evidence and the collective judgment of an expert panel using the two-round Delphi method, was applied. The evidence synthesis was performed by searching for articles on outcome measures for AMD and/or DR published between 2005 and 2018 in English or Spanish. The expert panel consisted of 14 Spanish ophthalmologists, who rated the recommendation degree for each outcome measure on a scale of 1 (extremely irrelevant) to 9 (maximum relevance). The recommended outcome measures were established according to the panel median score and the level of the panelists’ agreement. Results: Through the evidence search, 33 PRO-specific questionnaires (21 for visual function, six for AMD, three for DR, one for AMD and DR) and two treatment satisfaction questionnaires (one on AMD and one on DR) were identified. In addition, 21 methods were found for measuring CS, five for LLVA, and nine for RA-RS. According to the panel ratings, 11 of the 64 outcome measures evaluated for AMD, and seven of the 61 evaluated for DR were recommended. Conclusion: The AMD and DR outcome measures recommended will help ophthalmologists choose the outcome measure most appropriate for their patients. Furthermore, the use of PROs will contribute to shifting clinical practice towards patient-centered medicine

‘Physio-EndEA’ Study: A Randomized, Parallel-Group Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Effect of a Supervised and Adapted Therapeutic Exercise Program to Improve Quality of Life in Symptomatic Women Diagnosed with Endometriosis

This research was funded by the Health Institute Carlos III (FEDER funds), grant number PI17/01743, and donations from particular endometriosis women that believed in this project from the beginning. It was also partly supported by funds from the PAIDI group CTS-206 (Oncologia Basica y Clinica). This study takes place thanks to the additional funding from the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES).Aim: The ‘Physio-EndEA’ study aims to explore the potential benefits of a therapeutic exercise program (focused on lumbopelvic stabilization and tolerance to exertion) on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of symptomatic endometriosis women. Design: The present study will use a parallel-group randomized controlled trial design. Methods: A total of 22 symptomatic endometriosis women will be randomized 1:1 to the Physio-EndEA or usual care groups. The ‘Physio-EndEA’ program will consist of a one-week lumbopelvic stabilization learning phase followed by an eight-week phase of stretching, aerobic and resistance exercises focused on the lumbopelvic area that will be sequentially instructed and supervised by a trained physiotherapist (with volume and intensity progression) and adapted daily to the potential of each participant. The primary outcome measure is HRQoL. The secondary outcome measures included clinician-reported outcomes (pressure pain thresholds, muscle thickness and strength, flexibility, body balance and cardiorespiratory fitness) and patient-reported outcomes (pain intensity, physical fitness, chronic fatigue, sexual function, gastrointestinal function and sleep quality). Discussion: Findings of this study will help to identify cost-effective non-pharmacological options (such as this exercise-based intervention) that may contribute to the improvement of HRQoL in symptomatic endometriosis women.Health Institute Carlos III (FEDER funds) PI17/01743PAIDI groupUniversity of Granad