Evolución de mimomys savini en la península ibérica durante el pleistoceno inferior;implicaciones biocronológicas y paleoambientales en el estudio de las primeras poblaciones humanas de europa

El estudio de restos de Mimomys savini de los yacimientos de Barranco León D y Fuente Nueva 3 (Granada), Gran Dolina (Atapuerca), Vallparadís (Barcelona) y La Boella (Tarragona) muestra tendencias evolutivas en la morfología dental de esta especie durante el Pleistoceno inferior y medio. Los datos obtenidos de estos yacimientos fueron ordenados en base a sus dataciones absolutas cubriendo así un intervalo de tiempo entre ~1.46 y 0.7 Ma. Las tendencias observadas engloban un aumento de tamaño y una sucesiva perdida del pliegue mimomiano y del islote de esmalte (tanto en el primer molar inferior como en el tercer molar superior). Por su parte, el SDQ (índice de diferenciación de esmalte) presenta valores que oscilan sin mostrar ninguna tendencia en este rango temporal. En base a estas tendencias evolutivas observadas en Mimomys savini en la Península Ibérica, se ha propuesto el uso de esta especie como herramienta cronológica, y se ha discutido la relación filogenética entre Mimomys savini y el género Arvicola.The study of Mimomys savini material from the Spanish sites of Barranco León and Fuente Nueva 3 (Granada), Gran Dolina (Atapuerca), Vallparadis (Barcelona) and La Boella (Tarragona) shows evolutionary trends in the dental morphology of this species within the Lower and early Middle Pleistocene. The data obtained from each site were ordered on the basis of “absolute” datings available for the ~1.46-0.7 Ma time interval. Clearly detected trends are the size increase and a successive reduction in enamel islets on both the upper third and lower first molar, and in the Mimomys ridge on the lower first molar. However, the SDQ (enamel differentiation index) values of the lower first molar show no clearly directed trend within the considered time range. On the basis of these evolutionary trends observed on Mimomys savini in the Iberian Peninsula, the use of this species as chronological tool is propossed, and the phylogenetic relationship between Mimomys savini and the genus Arvicola is discussed

Calidad de plántulas de Cariniana pyriformis producidas con diferentes contenedores en ambiente protegido

Cariniana pyriformis is a native arboreal of Colombia with high forestry potential in pure plantations and agroforestry systems of Theobroma cacao. In an agricultural nursery with plastic cover, production and seedling quality were evaluated with a complete randomized block design and three replications using three plastic containers (treatments): bags (1700 cm3), tube trays (700 cm3) and multicellular trays (650 cm3). Between 120 (bags) and 135 (tube trays) days after sowing (das), the seedlings reached 25 cm in height and 3 mm in stem diameter. The shoot dry mass (p= 0.0179) and root dry mass (p= 0.0327) of seedlings at 160 das were higher in the bags as compared to seedlings grown in the tube trays. In parallel, the production of C. pyriformis seedlings in multicellular trays achieved quality indexes very similar to those obtained employing the bags, but with a 60% reduction in the cost per seedling.Cariniana pyriformis es una arbórea nativa de Colombia con elevado potencial en plantaciones puras y sistemas agroforestales de Theobroma cacao. En vivero agrícola con cobertura plástica, se evaluaron la producción y calidad de plántulas con un diseño de bloques completos al azar y tres repeticiones empleando tres contenedores plásticos (tratamientos): bolsa (1700 cm3), bandeja portatubete (700 cm3) y bandeja multicelda (650 cm3). Entre los 120 (bolsa) y 137 (bandeja portatubete) días después de siembra (dds), las plántulas alcanzaron los 25 cm de altura y 3 mm de diámetro de cuello. El peso seco de la parte área (p= 0,0179) y peso seco del sistema radicular (p=0,0327) de las plántulas a los 160 dds fueron superiores en la bolsa en comparación con las plántulas crecidas en la bandeja portatubete. En paralelo, la producción de plántulas de C. pyriformis en bandeja multicelda presentó índices de calidad muy similares a la bolsa, pero con una reducción en el costo por plántula entorno al 60%.Cariniana pyriformis es una arbórea nativa de Colombia con elevado potencial en plantaciones puras y sistemas agroforestales de Theobroma cacao. En vivero agrícola con cobertura plástica, se evaluaron la producción y calidad de plántulas con un diseño de bloques completos al azar y tres repeticiones empleando tres contenedores plásticos (tratamientos): bolsa (1700 cm3), bandeja portatubete (700 cm3) y bandeja multicelda (650 cm3). Entre los 120 (bolsa) y 137 (bandeja portatubete) días después de siembra (dds), las plántulas alcanzaron los 25 cm de altura y 3 mm de diámetro de cuello. El peso seco de la parte área (p= 0,0179) y peso seco del sistema radicular (p= 0,0327) de las plántulas a los 160 dds fueron superiores en la bolsa en comparación con las plántulas crecidas en la bandeja portatubete. En paralelo, la producción de plántulas de C. pyriformis en bandeja multicelda presentó índices de calidad muy similares a la bolsa, pero con una reducción en el costo por plántula entorno al 60%

Paleoenvironmental data inferred from the Early Pleistocene small mammals of Barranc de la Boella site (Tarragona, Spain)

Comunicación presentada en el XIII Encuentro en Jóvenes Investigadores en Paleontología (XIII EJIP) - XIII Meeting of Early-Stage Researchers in Paleontology (XIII EJIP): Cercedilla, 15 - 18 de Abril de 2015Peer reviewe

Autosostenibilidad del sistema de transporte público Masivo Transmilenio S.A.

El presente artículo trata el siguiente problema ¿Cómo lograr una operación sostenible de la empresa de transporte masivo TRANSMILENIO S.A.?, para este propósito se utilizó el método de la prospectiva estratégica desarrollado por Michel Godet,1987; donde se identificaron las principales variables de cambio, las cuales fueron clasificadas a través de un análisis estructural, que permitió identificar en la zona de poder a la Gestión Política y el Cumplimiento Implementación del PIGA, como las variables estratégicas que debe administrar la empresa.

Effects of different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal backgrounds and soils on olive plants growth and water relation properties under well-watered and drought conditions

17 páginas.-- 6 figuras.-- 5 tablas.-- 89 referencias.-- Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article at the publisher’s web-siteThe adaptation capacity of olive trees to different environments is well recognized. However, the presence of microorganisms in the soil is also a key factor in the response of these trees to drought. The objective of the present study was to elucidate the effects of different arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi coming from diverse soils on olive plant growth and water relations. Olive plants were inoculated with native AM fungal populations from two contrasting environments, that is, semi-arid – Freila (FL) and humid – Grazalema (GZ) regions, and subjected to drought stress. Results showed that plants grew better on GZ soil inoculated with GZ fungi, indicating a preference of AM fungi for their corresponding soil. Furthermore, under these conditions, the highest AM fungal diversity was found. However, the highest root hydraulic conductivity (Lp) value was achieved by plants inoculated with GZ fungi and growing in FL soil under drought conditions. So, this AM inoculum also functioned in soils from different origins. Nine novel aquaporin genes were also cloned from olive roots. Diverse correlation and association values were found among different aquaporin expressions and abundances and Lp, indicating how the interaction of different aquaporins may render diverse Lp values.The study was supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain (Juan de la Cierva Program) and Junta de Andalucía (P10-CVI-5920 project) for research funding.Peer reviewedPeer Reviewe

Realfood and cancer: analysis of the reliability and quality of YouTube content

This study analyzes the quality and reliability of videos related to nutrition and cancer on YouTube. Study Design: An observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, time-limited study analyzing activity on the social network YouTube was proposed. Methods: The information from the videos was extracted through an API search tool, using the NodeXL software. The criteria to select the videos on YouTube were the keywords “real food”, “realfood”, and “cancer” and the hashtags #realfood and #cancer were present, videos in English and videos available on 1 December 2022. Results: The DISCERN value in the total number of videos viewed was 2.25 (±0.88) points, indicating low reliability. The videos uploaded by HRU represented only 20.8%. Videos suggesting that the use of foods defined as “real food” could cure cancer without the intervention of any other treatment accounted for 12.5%. Videos that provided external links to scientific/technical evidence verifying the information represented only 13.89% of the total number of videos. Of these videos, 70% corresponded to HRU. The DISCERN value for videos from HRU users was 3.05 (0.88), a value that reflects a good reliability of videos from these users. Conclusions: This study provides information on the content and quality of the videos that we can find on YouTube. We found videos of non-health users who do not base their content on any scientific evidence, with the danger that this entails for the population, but it also highlights that the videos published by HRU have greater reliability and quality, being better perceived by the population, so it is important to encourage healthcare professionals and health institutions to share verified information on YouTube.This research was funded by Fundación Banco Santander and Fundación Alfonso X el Sabio, grant number 1014011. Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málag

Impact of the home confinement related to covid-19 on the device-assessed physical activity and sedentary aatterns of spanish older adults

The main objective of this study was to device-assess the levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour patterns of older adults during the situation prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, home confinement, and phase-0 of the deescalation. We also aimed to analyse the effectiveness of an unsupervised home-based exercise routine to counteract the potential increase in sedentary behaviour during the periods within the pandemic. A total of 18 noninstitutionalized older adults(78:4 ± 6:0 y.), members of the Spanish cohort of the EXERNET-Elder 3.0 project, participated in the study. They were recommended to perform an exercise prescription based on resistance, balance, and aerobic exercises during the pandemic. Wrist triaxial accelerometers (ActiGraph GT9X) were used to assess the percentage of sedentary time, physical activity, sedentary bouts and breaks of sedentary time. An ANOVA for repeated measures was performed to analyse the differences between the three different periods. During home quarantine, older adults spent more time in sedentary behaviours (71:6 ± 5:3%) in comparison with either the situation prior to the pandemic (65:5 ± 6:7%) or the ending of isolation (67:7 ± 7:1%) (all p < 0:05). Moreover, participants performed less bouts of physical activity and with a shorter duration during home quarantine (both p < 0:05). Additionally, no differences in the physical activity behaviours were found between the situation prior to the pandemic and the phase-0 of deescalation. According to our results, the home confinement could negatively affect health due to increased sedentary lifestyle and the reduction of physical activity. Therefore, our unsupervised exercise program does not seem to be a completely effective strategy at least in this period

Potential relation of cardiovascular risk factors to disease activity in patients with axial spondyloarthritis

Background: Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients are known to have a higher prevalence of several comorbidities, including, among others, an increased risk of atherosclerosis, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the sum of traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors is related to disease characteristics, such as disease activity, in patients with axSpA. Methods: A cross-sectional study that encompassed 804 patients with axSpA was conducted. Patients were assessed for the presence of five traditional CV risk factors (diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and smoking status), and disease activity measurements. A multivariable regression analysis was performed to evaluate whether the number of classic CV risk factors was independently associated with specific features of the disease, to include disease activity. Results: A multivariable analysis showed that Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score-C reactive protein (ASDAS-CRP) activity score was significantly higher in patients with 1 [beta coefficient 0.3 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.1-0.5), p = 0.001] and ?2 [beta coefficient 0.5 (95% CI 0.3-0.7), p = 0.000] CV risk factors compared with those without CV risk factors. Similarly, patients with 1 [OR 2.00 (95%CI 0.99-4.02), p = 0.053] and ?2 [OR 3.39 (95%CI 1.82-6.31), p = 0.000] CV risk factors had a higher odds ratio for the presence of high disease activity compared with the zero CV category. The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) activity score was significantly associated with the number of CV risk factors, being higher in patients with more CV risk factors. These relationships showed a CV risk factor-dependent effect being beta coefficients and ORs higher for the effect of ?2 over 1 CV risk factor. Conclusion: Among patients with axSpA, as the number of traditional CV risk factors increased, disease activity similarly increases in an independent manner.Funding: The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/ or publication of this article: This research was funded by a grant to MAG-G from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria grants PI06/0024, PI09/00748, PI12/00060, PI15/00525, PI18/00043) and the ISCIII RETICS programs (RD12/0009 and RD16/0012)

Document de consens sobre la malaltia celíaca a Catalunya

Malaltia celíaca; Diagnòstic precoç; AlimentsEnfermedad celíaca; Diagnóstico precoz; AlimentosCeliac Disease; Early Diagnosis; FoodDocumento que revisa las distintas formas clínicas de presentación de la enfermedad celíaca, establece los criterios y el proceso diagnóstico de esta des de la sospecha clínica hasta el diagnóstico definitivo; ofrece recomendaciones específicas sobre el tratamiento de la enfermedad celíaca, promueve el seguimiento adecuado del paciente que la sufre y define los criterios de derivación a la atención especializada. Su objetivo principal es incrementar el diagnóstico precoz de la enfermedad celíaca en niños y adultos.Document que revisa les diverses formes clíniques de presentació de la malaltia celíaca, estableix els criteris i el procés diagnóstic d’aquesta des de la sospita clínica fins al diagnòstic definitiu; ofereix recomanacions específiques sobre el tractament de la malaltia celíaca, promou el seguiment adequat del pacient que la pateix i defineix criteris de derivació a l’atenció especialitzada. El seu objectiu principal és incrementar el diagnòstic precoç de la malaltia celíaca en infants i en adults

Omentin: a biomarker of cardiovascular risk in individuals with axial spondyloarthritis

ABSTRACT: Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the main cause of mortality in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). CV risk is enhanced by dysregulation of adipokines. Low omentin levels were associated with metabolic dysfunction and CV disease in conditions different from axSpA. Accordingly, we evaluated the genetic and functional implication of omentin in CV risk and subclinical atherosclerosis in a cohort of 385 axSpA patients. Subclinical atherosclerosis was evaluated by carotid ultrasound. Omentin rs12409609, in linkage disequilibrium with a polymorphism associated with CV risk, was genotyped in 385 patients and 84 controls. Serum omentin levels were also determined. omentin mRNA expression was assessed in a subgroup of individuals. Serum and mRNA omentin levels were lower in axSpA compared to controls. Low serum omentin levels were related to male sex, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and high atherogenic index. rs12409609 minor allele was associated with low omentin mRNA expression in axSpA. No association was observed with subclinical atherosclerosis at the genetic or functional level. In conclusion, in our study low omentin serum levels were associated with CV risk factors in axSpA. Furthermore, rs12409609 minor allele may be downregulating the expression of omentin. These data support a role of omentin as a CV risk biomarker in axSpA.We wish to thank all the patients and controls that participated in this study. This work was supported by funds of a NEXT-VAL grant (NVAL17/10) (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IDIVAL) awarded to FG. SR-M is supported by funds of the RETICS Program (RD16/0012/0009) from the ‘Instituto de Salud Carlos III´ (ISCIII), co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). VP-C is supported by a pre-doctoral grant from IDIVAL (PREVAL 18/01). VM is supported by funds of a Miguel Servet type I programme (grant CP16/00033) (ISCIII, co-funded by the European Social Fund (ESF)). LL-G is supported by funds of PI18/00042 (ISCIII, co-funded by ERDF). RL-M is a recipient of a Miguel Servet type I programme fellowship from the ISCIII, co-funded by the ESF (grant CP16/00033)