The Genetic Speciation of Archaeological Fish Bone: A Feasibility Study from Southeast Queensland

Current genetic methods enable highly specific identification of DNA from modern fish bone. The applicability of these methods to the identification of archaeological fish bone was investigated through a study of a sample from late Holocene southeast Queensland sites. The resultant overall success rate of 2% indicates that DNA analysis is, as yet, not feasible for identifying fish bone from any given site. Taphonomic issues influencing the potential of genetic identification methods are raised and discussed in light of this result

Wavelet-based functional mixed models for the analysis of lateralized readiness potentials

Event-related potentials recorded from the human scalp using EEG can provide important information about how the human brain processes information. To unravel cognitive processes, the so-called lateralized readiness potential (LRP) has become an especially useful temporal marker within the area of chrono-psychophysiology. Simple parametric modeling of such LRP-curves is unsufficient and nonparametric approaches allowing for arbitrary functional forms are warranted. Smoothing methods using global bandwidths and penalties are often used to model such longitudinal data with curves but fail to capture spatial heterogeneity and local features like peaks. Using kernels with local bandwidths and adaptive penalties can address these issues in the single-function setting, but are not easily generalized to the multiple-function setting. Wavelet-based functional mixed models (WFMM) as proposed by Morris and Carroll (JRSS B, 2006, Vol.68, pp179-199) may offer a valuable alternative in this setting. We aim to illustrate WFMM to LRP-data from a task switching study. More specifically we are interested to determine the timepoint/latency at which a consistent divergence in LRP-signals between task repetitions and task switches can be observed and to investigate whether this latency is influenced by other factors (such as cuing type, indication requirement, ...). Repeated testing at different timepoints induces a multiple testing problem (MTP). We compare the performance of different multiple testing procedures using the pointwise posterior credible intervals versus inference from the joint posterior credible interval

Koinonia

The ProfessionFaculty and Student Development Staff as Partners in Education, Barry Loy Is it Okay to Struggle as Student Development Professionals?, Terry Williams Conference SpotlightLeading Ladies: Transformative Biblical Images for Women\u27s Leadership, Jeanne Porter Mi Abuelito, Tom Neven Campus EventsQuestions Without Answers, JR Kerr Book ReviewsLet Your Life Speak, reviewed by Dana Forbes Mountains and Passes, reviewed by Jeff Doyle FeaturesThe President\u27s Corner Editor\u27s Diskhttps://pillars.taylor.edu/acsd_koinonia/1009/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, October 19, 1983

OLDEST PARKLAND GRADUATE REPAYS LOAN; News Digest; Sociologist Stelle changes to archeology; Students fave meal; Donors for Tonia; Financial aid for students; \u27Gold Company\u27 needs basses; PC Happenings; LaRocque quote; Celebrate arts; Stugo forum; Hours increase; New Procedure; Director of Security Davis enjoys his work; Zamary is hard worker; Counseling acts as an advocate; Placement for future; U.S. Marines should be in America: Question: Should U.S. Marines be left in Lebanon?; Richardson teaches dance; Auto shop provides variety of services; Deathtrap finishes Saturday; Lack of teachers--; Parade grand champs--Newton; Highlights of the Illini marching band festival; C.A.A.R. president Soloff explains purpose of club; Can we delay the aging process?; State Police release figures; Classified; Sean Connery returns as 007; Speculation on murder; Album is an empty blank; Movie shows friendship; Brainstorm is a stunning movie; Campus Paperback Bestsellers; New & Recommended; Moore makes romance a comedy; Rockin\u27 the house; WILL has class for fall season; Fast Freddy Contest; Volleyball star ponders future; Results Of October 8 Matches; I.M. News...volleyball; Interested?https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1983/1008/thumbnail.jp

Acetate as a model for aspartate-based CXCR4 chemokine receptor binding of cobalt and nickel complexes of cross-bridged tetraazamacrocycles

A number of disease states including WHIM syndrome, HIV infection and cancer have been linked to the chemokine receptor CXCR4. High-affinity CXCR4 antagonist transition metal complexes of configurationally restricted bis-tetraazamacrocyclic ligands have been identified in previous studies. Recently synthesised and structurally characterised Co2+/Co3+ and Ni2+ acetate complexes of mono-macrocycle cross-bridged ligands have been used to mimic their known coordination interaction with the aspartate side chains on binding to CXCR4. Here, X-ray crystal structures for three Co2+/Co3+ acetate complexes and five Ni2+ acetate complexes are presented and demonstrate flexibility in the mode of binding to the acetate ligand concomitantly with the requisite cis-V-configured cross-bridged tetraazamacrocyle. Complexes of the smaller Co3+ metal ion exclusively bind acetate by chelating both oxygens of acetate. Larger Co2+ and Ni2+ metal ions in cross-bridged tetraazamacrocycles show a clear tendency to coordinate acetate in a monodentate fashion with a coordinated water molecule completing the octahedral coordination sphere. However, in unbridged tetraazamacrocycle acetate structures reported in the literature, the coordination preference is to chelate both acetate oxygens. We conclude that the short ethylene cross-bridge restricts the equatorial bulk of the macrocycle, prompting the metal ion to fill the equator with the larger monodentate acetate plus water ligand set. In unbridged ligand examples, the flexible macrocycle expands equatorially and generally only allows chelation of the sterically smaller acetate alone. These results provide insight for generation of optimised bis-macrocyclic CXCR4 antagonists utilising cobalt and nickel ions

Biomarkers for Severity of Spinal Cord Injury in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Rats

One of the major challenges in management of spinal cord injury (SCI) is that the assessment of injury severity is often imprecise. Identification of reliable, easily quantifiable biomarkers that delineate the severity of the initial injury and that have prognostic value for the degree of functional recovery would significantly aid the clinician in the choice of potential treatments. To find such biomarkers we performed quantitative liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected from rats 24 h after either a moderate or severe SCI. We identified a panel of 42 putative biomarkers of SCI, 10 of which represent potential biomarkers of SCI severity. Three of the candidate biomarkers, Ywhaz, Itih4, and Gpx3 were also validated by Western blot in a biological replicate of the injury. The putative biomarkers identified in this study may potentially be a valuable tool in the assessment of the extent of spinal cord damage

Testing a global standard for quantifying species recovery and assessing conservation impact.

Recognizing the imperative to evaluate species recovery and conservation impact, in 2012 the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) called for development of a "Green List of Species" (now the IUCN Green Status of Species). A draft Green Status framework for assessing species' progress toward recovery, published in 2018, proposed 2 separate but interlinked components: a standardized method (i.e., measurement against benchmarks of species' viability, functionality, and preimpact distribution) to determine current species recovery status (herein species recovery score) and application of that method to estimate past and potential future impacts of conservation based on 4 metrics (conservation legacy, conservation dependence, conservation gain, and recovery potential). We tested the framework with 181 species representing diverse taxa, life histories, biomes, and IUCN Red List categories (extinction risk). Based on the observed distribution of species' recovery scores, we propose the following species recovery categories: fully recovered, slightly depleted, moderately depleted, largely depleted, critically depleted, extinct in the wild, and indeterminate. Fifty-nine percent of tested species were considered largely or critically depleted. Although there was a negative relationship between extinction risk and species recovery score, variation was considerable. Some species in lower risk categories were assessed as farther from recovery than those at higher risk. This emphasizes that species recovery is conceptually different from extinction risk and reinforces the utility of the IUCN Green Status of Species to more fully understand species conservation status. Although extinction risk did not predict conservation legacy, conservation dependence, or conservation gain, it was positively correlated with recovery potential. Only 1.7% of tested species were categorized as zero across all 4 of these conservation impact metrics, indicating that conservation has, or will, play a role in improving or maintaining species status for the vast majority of these species. Based on our results, we devised an updated assessment framework that introduces the option of using a dynamic baseline to assess future impacts of conservation over the short term to avoid misleading results which were generated in a small number of cases, and redefines short term as 10 years to better align with conservation planning. These changes are reflected in the IUCN Green Status of Species Standard

Cell-based assays to characterize ligands for chemokine receptor CXCR4

status: publishe

Study of candidate ligands for two leucine-rich repeats containing G protein-coupled receptors in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster.

Leucine-rich repeats bevattende G-proteïne gekoppelde receptoren (L GRs) worden gekenmerkt door een groot N-terminaal, extracellulair domein , van belang voor specifieke binding van het hormoon. In vertebrat en spelen LGRs, als receptoren voor glycoproteïne hormonen en relaxine v erwante peptiden, een essentiële rol in de reproductiefysiologie en het metabolisme. Twee weesreceptoren van het fruitvliegje, Drosophila melanogaster, dLGR1 en dLGR2, zijn structureel verwant met vertebrate n LGRs. Wanneer zij recombinant tot expressie gebracht worden in z oogdiercellen, vertonen beide fruitvlieg LGRs een basale activiteit die aanleiding geeft tot een verhoogde intracellulaire cAMP concentratie. In deze studie werden, na in silico analyse van het fruitvlieg genoom , twee cystine knot proteïnen, die sequentiegelijkenis vertonen met gl ycoproteïne hormoon subeenheden, gekloneerd en geproduceerd in eukaryote celexpressie-systemen. Zij veroorzaakten evenwel geen reproduceer bare cAMP respons in dLGR1 exprimerende COS-7 cellen. Vertrekkende van enkele partiële peptide fragmenten, afgeleid van bursic on activiteit vertonende extracten van kakkerlakken, werden twee additio nele fruitvlieg cystine knot proteïnen gekarakteriseerd. Wanneer deze samen tot expressie worden gebracht, vormen ze een biologisch acti ef heterodimeer dat sterke uitkleuring en verharding van de cuticula van insecten induceert. Ditzelde heterodimeer molecule, bursicon, sti muleert specifiek de fruitvlieg dLGR2, op een concentratie-afhankelijke manier. Homologen van al deze vlieg cystine knot proteïnen werden geïdentifice erd in verschillende klassen van ongewervelden. Dit maakt het moge lijk om in de toekomst een meer gedetailleerde, vergelijkende functionel e analyse van deze evolutief geconserveerde proteïnen, uit te voeren in een uitgebreide groep van dieren. In deze studie wordt voor het ee rst de fysiologische ligand voor een LGR van invertebraten beschreven.&n bsp; Meer dan veertig jaar na de initiële ontdekking van zijn bioactivit eit, werd het neurohormoon bursicon, van cruciaal belang voor insecten, en bijgevolg de meeste dieren op aarde, moleculair gekarakteriseerd.status: publishe