Physical and Electrochemical Investigations into Blended Electrolytes Containing a Glyme Solvent and Two Bis{(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl}imide-Based Ionic Liquids

International audienceIn this paper, we report on thermophysical and electrochemical investigations of a series of molecular solvent/ionic liquid (IL) binary mixture electrolytes. Tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) is utilized as the molecular solvent component in separate mixtures with two bis{(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl}imide anion based ILs paired with similarly sized cyclic and acyclic alkylammonium cations; 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis{(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl}imide, [Pyrr14][TFSI], or N-butyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-ethylammonium bis{(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl}imide, [N1124][TFSI]. The blending of ILs with select molecular solvents is an important strategy for the improvement of the typically sluggish transport capabilities of these interesting electrolytic solvents. Bulk volumetric and transport properties are reported as a function of temperature and binary mixture formulation; demonstrating the capacity for enhancing desired properties of the IL. Micro-disk electrode voltammetry and chronoamperometry in O2-saturated binary mixture electrolytes was used to assess the effect of formulation on the solubility and diffusivity of the dissolved gas. In addition, further investigations of the behavior of the O2 redox couple at a GC macro-disk electrode are discussed

The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of cetuximab (mono- or combination chemotherapy), bevacizumab (combination with non-oxaliplatin chemotherapy) and panitumumab (monotherapy) for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer after first-line chemotherapy (review of technology appraisal No.150 and part review of technology appraisal No. 118): a systematic review and economic model

Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in the UK after breast and lung cancer. People with metastatic disease who are sufficiently fit are usually treated with active chemotherapy as first- or second-line therapy. Recently, targeted agents have become available including anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) agents, for example cetuximab and panitumumab, and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor agents, for example bevacizumab

The ecology of immune state in a wild mammal, Mus musculus domesticus

The immune state of wild animals is largely unknown. Knowing this and what affects it is important in understanding how infection and disease affects wild animals. The immune state of wild animals is also important in understanding the biology of their pathogens, which is directly relevant to explaining pathogen spillover among species, including to humans. The paucity of knowledge about wild animals' immune state is in stark contrast to our exquisitely detailed understanding of the immunobiology of laboratory animals. Making an immune response is costly, and many factors (such as age, sex, infection status, and body condition) have individually been shown to constrain or promote immune responses. But, whether or not these factors affect immune responses and immune state in wild animals, their relative importance, and how they interact (or do not) are unknown. Here, we have investigated the immune ecology of wild house mice—the same species as the laboratory mouse—as an example of a wild mammal, characterising their adaptive humoral, adaptive cellular, and innate immune state. Firstly, we show how immune variation is structured among mouse populations, finding that there can be extensive immune discordance among neighbouring populations. Secondly, we identify the principal factors that underlie the immunological differences among mice, showing that body condition promotes and age constrains individuals’ immune state, while factors such as microparasite infection and season are comparatively unimportant. By applying a multifactorial analysis to an immune system-wide analysis, our results bring a new and unified understanding of the immunobiology of a wild mammal

The effect of Korean pine nut oil (PinnoThin™) on food intake, feeding behaviour and appetite: A double-blind placebo-controlled trial

Certain free fatty acids have been shown to have potent effects on food intake and self-reported changes in appetite; effects associated with increases in the release of endogenous cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1). In the current study, the effects of a Korean pine nut oil product, PinnoThin™, at doses 2 g, 4 g and 6 g triglyceride (TG) and 2 g free fatty acid (FFA), on food intake and appetite were examined in a cross-over double-blind placebo-controlled randomised counter-balanced design in 42 overweight female volunteers. 2 g FFA PinnoThin™, given 30 minutes prior to an ad-libitum buffet test lunch, significantly reduced food intake (gram) by 9% (F(4,164) = 2.637, p = 0.036) compared to olive oil control. No significant effect of PinnoThin™ on macronutrient intake or ratings of appetite were observed. Given the recent data showing that the TG form of PinnoThin™ may also reduce appetite by increasing CCK release, the lack of any effect of the TG form found in this study could be attributed to the timing of the dosing regime. Collectively, these data suggest that PinnoThin™ may exert satiating effects consistent with its known action on CCK and GLP-1 release, and previously observed effects on self-reported appetite ratings

The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (epoetin and darbepoetin) for treating cancer-treatment induced anaemia (including review of TA142): a systematic review and economic model

Background: Anaemia is a common side-effect of cancer treatments and can lead to a reduction in quality of life. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) are licensed for use in conjunction with red blood cell transfusions (RBCTs) to improve cancer treatment-induced anaemia (CIA). Methods: The clinical effectiveness review followed principles published by NHS CRD. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), or systematic reviews of RCTs, of ESAs (epoetin or darbepoetin) for treating people with CIA were eligible for inclusion in the review. Comparators were best supportive care (BSC), placebo, or other ESA. Anaemia- and malignancy-related outcomes, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated. Where appropriate, data were pooled using meta-analysis. An empirical health economic model was developed comparing ESA treatment to no ESA treatment. The model has two components: one evaluating short-term costs and QALYs (while patients are anaemic); and one evaluating long-term QALYs. Costs and benefits were discounted at 3.5% pa. Probabilistic and univariate deterministic sensitivity analyses were performed. Results: Twenty-three studies assessing ESAs within their licensed indication (based on start dose administered) were included. None of the RCTs were completely aligned with current EU licenses. Results suggest that there is clinical benefit from ESAs for anaemia-related outcomes. Data suggest improvement in HRQoL scores. The impact of ESAs on AEs and survival remains highly uncertain; although point estimates are lower confidence intervals are wide and not statistically significant. Base case incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) for ESA treatment versus no ESA treatment ranged from £19,429–£35,018 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained, but sensitivity and scenario analyses demonstrate considerable uncertainty in these ICERs, including the possibility of overall health disbenefit. All ICERs were sensitive to survival and cost. Conclusions: ESAs could be cost-effective when used closer to licence but there is considerable uncertainty mainly due to unknown impacts on overall survival

Exploring the Chemical Space of Macro- and Micro-Algae Using Comparative Metabolomics

With more than 156,000 described species, eukaryotic algae (both macro- and micro-algae) are a rich source of biological diversity, however their chemical diversity remains largely unexplored. Specialised metabolites with promising biological activities have been widely reported for seaweeds, and more recently extracts from microalgae have exhibited activity in anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant screens. However, we are still missing critical information on the distinction of chemical profiles between macro- and microalgae, as well as the chemical space these metabolites cover. This study has used an untargeted comparative metabolomics approach to explore the chemical diversity of seven seaweeds and 36 microalgal strains. A total of 1390 liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) features were detected, representing small organic algal metabolites, with no overlap between the seaweeds and microalgae. An in-depth analysis of four Dunaliella tertiolecta strains shows that environmental factors may play a larger role than phylogeny when classifying their metabolomic profile

Alumnae Association Bulletin of the School of Nursing, 1972

Alumnae Calendar The President\u27s Message Officers and Chairmen of Committees Financial Report Address by President Herbut School of Nursing Report School of Practical Nursing Report Report by Dr. Mary Louise Soentgen, M.D., F.A.A.P. Report of Patient Services Department Report of Staff Nurses\u27 Association Progress Report of Hospital Activities Scholarship Committee Report - Clerk-Typist Annual Luncheon - Head Table Social Events for 1971-1972 Missing Alumnae Members Jefferson Today Ways and Means Committee Report Constitution and By-Laws Report Sick and Welfare Committee Women\u27s Board Report Baccalaureate Degree Program Luncheon Pictures Resume of Minutes of Alumnae Association Meeting Class News Poem by Rosa Diseroad - 1923 Marriages Births - Hello World In Memoriam Notice