Evaluación y participación en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje

La red INTERUNIVERSITARIA PARA LA DIDÁCTICA EN TRABAJO SOCIAL (MODALIDAD I) acumula una experiencia como grupo, de tres cursos académicos, a lo largo de los cuales ha podido recoger una serie de datos sobre la incorporación de las competencias a las titulaciones de grado. En los objetivos formulados para el curso 2011-2012, se planteó por un lado, la explotación y comparación de los datos obtenidos en los cursos anteriores, así como la evaluación comparativa del instrumento para la coordinación y mejora de la calidad docente y por otro lado la difusión de los hallazgos que la red ha hecho. En la presente memoria se recoge la caracterización y principales resultados del estudio “Análisis de la integración de la evaluación por competencias en las titulaciones de grado adaptadas al EEES” (Res. EA2010-0199). El estudio desarrollado por la Red contó con la colaboración de profesores e investigadores de diez universidades españolas. El análisis de los resultados obtenidos a partir de la aplicación del M.E.C.U. (Modelo de Evaluación de la integración de la formación por Competencias en la Universidad, García-SanPedro, 2010) y de otros instrumentos se describe en esta memoria en Trabajo Social

Sinergias interuniversitarias en las estrategias didácticas para mejorar la adquisición de competencias en Trabajo Social

Los nuevos planes de estudio de Grado en Trabajo Social ha supuesto un desafío en la formación de las y los estudiantes universitarios que acceden a la titulación. Los procesos de aprendizaje centrado en el alumnado propuestos por el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior, implican la necesidad de dotar de contenido y sentido al papel protagónico de las y los estudiantes en la adquisición de competencias. El presente artículo recoge los resultados de los trabajos de investigación que viene desarrollando la Red Interuniversitaria Para la didáctica en Trabajo Social (REDITS) constituida por docentes del Grado en Trabajo Social de las universidades de Alicante, País Vasco, Complutense de Madrid, con la incorporación este año de la laurea in Servizio Sociale della Università degli Studi di Torino y la participación de un alumno de tercer curso del Grado. El trabajo desarrollado avanza en la identificación de diversas estrategias para mejorar la adquisición de competencias a la vez que identifica necesidades y grados de satisfacción de las y los estudiantes en el proceso de enseñanza- aprendizaje. Se incorpora también un trabajo de análisis desde un marco teórico referencial sobre las innovaciones en el ámbito de la didáctica

Validando buenas prácticas en la docencia de Trabajo Social: en el camino de la innovación didáctica

Durante el curso pasado, la red REDITS avanzó en la identificación de diversas estrategias para mejorar la adquisición de competencias que quedaron volcadas en la memoria del proyecto desarrollado. Siguiendo con el trabajo iniciado, la red se propuso una labor de transferencia de conocimientos comparativos en prácticas docentes innovadoras para formación en competencias entre cuatro universidades españolas y una italiana. Este objetivo supone que una vez realizada una primera identificación de posibles buenas prácticas, debe realizarse su validación antes de replicarla. Una vez concluido ese trabajo se las incorporará a una Guía de buenas prácticas en didáctica de TS. Asimismo, del proceso de validación surgen debates y propuestas de análisis para supervisión y sistematización de la práctica en TS. Para este curso se seleccionaron dos buenas prácticas, la supervisión educativa y la realización de una experiencia de elaboración y edición de una revista desde criterios científicos. En la primera práctica se trabajó desde la evaluación mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario aplicado a diversas universidades con experiencia en este tipo de actividad y en el segundo caso al tratarse de una experiencia más novedosa se realizó su sistematización, recogiendo paralelamente el nivel de satisfacción del estudiantado con la práctica

Supervisión en Trabajo Social, clave para la construcción del "ethos" profesional

La supervisión constituye en la didáctica del Trabajo Social, uno de los espacios históricos, en cuanto a que es inherente al origen de la profesión, a la vez que, un ámbito de permanente innovación porque establece la relación entre la teoría y la práctica. Esta comunicación es parte de los resultados del trabajo de investigación que se encuentra desarrollando la Red Interuniversitaria sobre Didáctica en Trabajo Social (REDITS). Se ha revisado la literatura especializada sobre competencias en Trabajo Social, prácticas y supervisión, con el fin de guiar la investigación sobre las prácticas externas con el alumnado de las universidades participantes en la red. Asimismo se trabajó con alumnado de último curso en la elaboración de una DAFO que identificara las debilidades, fortalezas, oportunidades y amenazas, percibidas en las prácticas externas. Los objetivos planteados son en primer lugar demostrar la relación de las prácticas externas con la consolidación de los conocimientos teóricos a través de la intervención social y en segundo lugar fundamentar la necesidad de la supervisión como un elemento clave para la construcción del “ethos” y la deontología profesional

Identification of CRF66_BF, a New HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form of South American Origin

Circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) are important components of the HIV-1 pandemic. Among 110 reported in the literature, 17 are BF1 intersubtype recombinant, most of which are of South American origin. Among these, all 5 identified in the Southern Cone and neighboring countries, except Brazil, derive from a common recombinant ancestor related to CRF12_BF, which circulates widely in Argentina, as deduced from coincident breakpoints and clustering in phylogenetic trees. In a HIV-1 molecular epidemiological study in Spain, we identified a phylogenetic cluster of 20 samples from 3 separate regions which were of F1 subsubtype, related to the Brazilian strain, in protease-reverse transcriptase (Pr-RT) and of subtype B in integrase. Remarkably, 14 individuals from this cluster (designated BF9) were Paraguayans and only 4 were native Spaniards. HIV-1 transmission was predominantly heterosexual, except for a subcluster of 6 individuals, 5 of which were men who have sex with men. Ten additional database sequences, from Argentina (n = 4), Spain (n = 3), Paraguay (n = 1), Brazil (n = 1), and Italy (n = 1), branched within the BF9 cluster. To determine whether it represents a new CRF, near full-length genome (NFLG) sequences were obtained for 6 viruses from 3 Spanish regions. Bootscan analyses showed a coincident BF1 recombinant structure, with 5 breakpoints, located in p17 gag , integrase, gp120, gp41-rev overlap, and nef, which was identical to that of two BF1 recombinant viruses from Paraguay previously sequenced in NFLGs. Interestingly, none of the breakpoints coincided with those of CRF12_BF. In a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree, all 8 NFLG sequences grouped in a strongly supported clade segregating from previously identified CRFs and from the CRF12_BF "family" clade. These results allow us to identify a new HIV-1 CRF, designated CRF66_BF. Through a Bayesian coalescent analysis, the most recent common ancestor of CRF66_BF was estimated around 1984 in South America, either in Paraguay or Argentina. Among Pr-RT sequences obtained by us from HIV-1-infected Paraguayans living in Spain, 14 (20.9%) of 67 were of CRF66_BF, suggesting that CRF66_BF may be one of the major HIV-1 genetic forms circulating in Paraguay. CRF66_BF is the first reported non-Brazilian South American HIV-1 CRF_BF unrelated to CRF12_BF.This work was funded through Acción Estratégica en Salud Intramural (AESI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, projects PI16CIII/00033 and PI19CIII/00042; Red de Investigación en SIDA (RIS), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Evaluación y Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), Plan Nacional I+D+I, project RD16ISCIII/0002/0004; and scientific agreements with Consellería de Sanidade, Government of Galicia (MVI 1004/16) and Osakidetza-Servicio Vasco de Salud, Government of Basque Country (MVI 1001/16).S

Lymphovascular Space Invasion in Early-Stage Endometrial Cancer (LySEC): Patterns of Recurrence and Predictors. A Multicentre Retrospective Cohort Study of the Spain Gynecologic Oncology Group

The main aim is to compare oncological outcomes and patterns of recurrence of patients with early-stage endometrioid endometrial cancer according to lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) status. The secondary objective is to determine preoperative predictors of LVSI. We performed a multicenter retrospective cohort study. A total of 3546 women diagnosed with postoperative early-stage (FIGO I-II, 2009) endometrioid endometrial cancer were included. Co-primary endpoints were disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and pattern of recurrence. Cox proportional hazard models were used for time-to-event analysis. Univariate and multivariate logistical regression models were employed. Positive LVSI was identified in 528 patients (14.6%) and was an independent prognostic factor for DFS (HR 1.8), OS (HR 2.1) and distant recurrences (HR 2.37). Distant recurrences were more frequent in patients with positive LVSI (78.2% vs. 61.3%, p < 0.01). Deep myometrial invasion (OR 3.04), high-grade tumors (OR 2.54), cervical stroma invasion (OR 2.01), and tumor diameter ≥ 2 cm (OR 2.03) were independent predictors of LVSI. In conclusion, in these patients, LVSI is an independent risk factor for shorter DFS and OS, and distant recurrence, but not for local recurrence. Deep myometrial invasion, cervical stroma invasion, high-grade tumors, and a tumor diameter ≥ 2 cm are independent predictors of LVSI

Lymphovascular Space Invasion in Early-Stage Endometrial Cancer (LySEC) : Patterns of Recurrence and Predictors. A Multicentre Retrospective Cohort Study of the Spain Gynecologic Oncology Group

In patients with early-stage endometrioid endometrial cancer, the presence of lymph vascular space involvement (LVSI) correlates with nodal metastases, shorter disease-free survival and overall survival. However, the effect of LVSI on recurrence patterns of these patients has been poorly studied, and the optimal adjuvant treatment remains unclear. Additionally, positive LVSI is indicative for nodal assessment, however, this parameter is usually not Known until a final pathology report. The main aim of our study was to analyze oncological outcomes and patterns of recurrence of these patients according to LVSI status, as well as to determine preoperative predictors of positive LVSI. We confirmed in a large multi-institutional cohort of patients (3546 participants), that positive LVSI is an independent prognostic factor for distant recurrences (HR 2.37) but not for local recurrence. In addition, deep myometrial invasion, high-grade tumors, cervical stroma invasion, and tumor diameter ≥ 2 cm are independent predictors of positive LVSI. The main aim is to compare oncological outcomes and patterns of recurrence of patients with early-stage endometrioid endometrial cancer according to lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) status. The secondary objective is to determine preoperative predictors of LVSI. We performed a multicenter retrospective cohort study. A total of 3546 women diagnosed with postoperative early-stage (FIGO I-II, 2009) endometrioid endometrial cancer were included. Co-primary endpoints were disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and pattern of recurrence. Cox proportional hazard models were used for time-to-event analysis. Univariate and multivariate logistical regression models were employed. Positive LVSI was identified in 528 patients (14.6%) and was an independent prognostic factor for DFS (HR 1.8), OS (HR 2.1) and distant recurrences (HR 2.37). Distant recurrences were more frequent in patients with positive LVSI (78.2% vs. 61.3%, p < 0.01). Deep myometrial invasion (OR 3.04), high-grade tumors (OR 2.54), cervical stroma invasion (OR 2.01), and tumor diameter ≥ 2 cm (OR 2.03) were independent predictors of LVSI. In conclusion, in these patients, LVSI is an independent risk factor for shorter DFS and OS, and distant recurrence, but not for local recurrence. Deep myometrial invasion, cervical stroma invasion, high-grade tumors, and a tumor diameter ≥ 2 cm are independent predictors of LVSI

COVID-19 in vaccinated adult patients with hematological malignancies: preliminary results from EPICOVIDEHA

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Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in COVID-19 patients with haematological malignancies: a report from the EPICOVIDEHA registry

International audienceBackground: Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment decreases the hospitalisation rate in immunocompetent patients with COVID-19, but data on efficacy in patients with haematological malignancy are scarce. Here, we describe the outcome of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment in a large cohort of the latter patients. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study from the multicentre EPICOVIDEHA registry (NCT04733729) on patients with haematological malignancy, who were diagnosed with COVID-19 between January and September 2022. Patients receiving nirmatrelvir/ritonavir were compared to those who did not. A logistic regression was run to determine factors associated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir administration in our sample. Mortality between treatment groups was assessed with Kaplan–Meier survival plots after matching all the patients with a propensity score. Additionally, a Cox regression was modelled to detect factors associated with mortality in patients receiving nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Findings: A total of 1859 patients were analysed, 117 (6%) were treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, 1742 (94%) were treated otherwise. Of 117 patients receiving nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, 80% had received ≥1 anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose before COVID-19 onset, 13% of which received a 2nd vaccine booster. 5% were admitted to ICU. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment was associated with the presence of extrapulmonary symptoms at COVID-19 onset, for example anosmia, fever, rhinitis, or sinusitis (aOR 2.509, 95%CI 1.448–4.347) and 2nd vaccine booster (aOR 3.624, 95%CI 1.619–8.109). Chronic pulmonary disease (aOR 0.261, 95%CI 0.093–0.732) and obesity (aOR 0.105, 95%CI 0.014–0.776) were not associated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir use. After propensity score matching, day-30 mortality rate in patients treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was 2%, significantly lower than in patients with SARS-CoV-2 directed treatment other than nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (11%, p = 0.036). No factor was observed explaining the mortality difference in patients after nirmatrelvir/ritonavir administration. Interpretation: Haematological malignancy patients were more likely to receive nirmatrelvir/ritonavir when reporting extrapulmonary symptoms or 2nd vaccine booster at COVID-19 onset, as opposed to chronic pulmonary disease and obesity. The mortality rate in patients treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was lower than in patients with targeted drugs other than nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Funding: EPICOVIDEHA has received funds from Optics COMMIT (COVID-19 Unmet Medical Needs and Associated Research Extension) COVID-19 RFP program by GILEAD Science, United States (Project 2020-8223)