Edward Hopper (1882 - 1967): Ut pictura poesis.

El siguiente trabajo académico se centra en la interpretación de la obra del pintor estadounidense Edward Hopper, inclinándose por la vertiente que analiza el potencial narrativo y sugestivo de sus cuadros.Vamos a ver como Hopper se sirve de una serie de estrategias narrativas y figuras retóricas como la elipsis, la paradoja, la metáfora, el principio de contraposición interna, o incluso la personificación, para generar un abanico más amplio de cuestiones al observador, otorgándole a la pintura una mayor independencia y posibilidades de interpretación dependiendo de la experiencia y estado anímico de cada persona en el instante de observación.Asimismo, pretende acercar algunos estudios que se decantan por huir de los tópicos hopperianos más que establecidos por la crítica, optando por otros menos escuchados como los que establecen símiles con la poesía haiku, o los que defienden su implicación con el contexto histórico de su época. <br /

Clearing up the photochemistry of resveratrol: Effect of the solvent

Polyphenolic substances synthesized by plants are generally involved in protection against UV radiation and the attack of pathogenic microorganisms. Resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene, RSV) is synthesized in its trans-form (trans-RSV) in plants under stress conditions like infections or UV exposure and has attracted attention as an antioxidant agent. Trans-RSV was irradiated with both UV-A (λMAX = 365 nm) and UV-B (λMAX = 300 nm) radiation in aqueous and ethanolic solutions at room temperature. The reactions were followed by UV–Vis spectrophotometry, HPLC with UV and fluorescence detection, and UPLC coupled to mass spectrometry detection. In both solvents the irradiation caused the fast isomerization of trans-RSV to cis-RSV. In ethanolic solutions, a strong fluorescent compound, identified as resveratrone (RSVT) was detected independently on the irradiation wavelength. In aqueous solutions, RSVT was not detected in both irradiation conditions. However, in aqueous/ethanol mixtures the amount RSVT was found to be proportional to the amount of ethanol in the solution. Under UV-B irradiation, both in ethanolic or water solutions other products were detected. Our results demonstrated that RSV is photosensitive and its photochemistry depends on the solvent nature and on the irradiation wavelength.Fil: Gaspar Tosato, Maira. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Vicendo, Patricia. Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier; FranciaFil: Thomas, Andrés Héctor. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Lorente, Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; Argentin

LA AFICIÓN LECTORA EN LA ETAPA INFANTIL: REVISIÓN TEÓRICA, NORMATIVA E INCURSIÓN EN LAS AULAS

Este Trabajo Fin de Grado, en adelante TFG, trata sobre la importancia de la lectura y la idoneidad de su fomento desde la etapa de Educación Infantil. Por un lado, he tratado de justificar, de forma teórica, la importancia del fomento de la lectura en esta etapa desde el punto de vista de la afición, y por otro lado, he llevado a cabo una revisión del marco legislativo general y un estudio empírico sobre el fomento de la lectura en algunas aulas de la provincia de Huesca, todo ello con el objetivo de conocer cuál es la situación del fomento de la lectura y comprobar si se practica o no desde este punto de vista de la afición

Improving water quality does not guarantee fish health: Effects of ammonia pollution on the behaviour of wild-caught pre-exposed fish.

Ammonia is a pollutant frequently found in aquatic ecosystems. In fish, ammonia can cause physical damage, alter its behaviour, and even cause death. Exposure to ammonia also increases fish physiological stress, which can be measured through biomarkers. In this study, we analysed the effect of sublethal ammonia concentrations on the behaviour and the oxidative stress of Barbus meridionalis that had been pre-exposed to this compound in the wild. Wild-caught fish from a polluted site (pre-exposed fish) and from an unpolluted site (non-pre-exposed fish) were exposed, under experimental conditions, to total ammonia concentrations (TAN) of 0, 1, 5, and 8 mg/L. Swimming activity, feeding behaviour, and oxidative stress response based on biomarkers were analysed. Pre-exposed fish showed both an altered behaviour and an altered oxidative stress response in the control treatment (0 mg/L). Differences in swimming activity were also found as pre-exposed fish swam less. Lower feeding activity (voracity and satiety) and altered response to oxidative stress were also observed at 1 mg/L TAN. Biomarker results confirmed pre-exposed fish suffer from a reduction in their antioxidant defences and, hence, showed increased oxidative tissue damage. In summary, pre-exposed fish showed more sensitivity to ammonia exposure than fish from a pristine site

Mitoxantrone Shows In Vitro, but Not In Vivo Antiviral Activity against Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is the most common cause of severe respiratory infections in infants and young children, often leading to hospitalization. In addition, this virus poses a serious health risk in immunocompromised individuals and the elderly. HRSV is also a major nosocomial hazard in healthcare service units for patients of all ages. Therefore, the development of antiviral treatments against HRSV is a global health priority. In this study, mitoxantrone, a synthetic anthraquinone with previously reported in vitro antiprotozoal and antiviral activities, inhibits HRSV replication in vitro, but not in vivo in a mice model. These results have implications for preclinical studies of some drug candidates.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation SAF2014-58052 and “Acción Estratégica en Salud” MPY 388/18 to D.L.S

Acid Stripping after Infection Improves the Detection of Viral HLA Class I Natural Ligands Identified by Mass Spectrometry

Identification of a natural human leukocyte antigen (HLA) ligandome is a key element to understand the cellular immune response. Advanced high throughput mass spectrometry analyses identify a relevant, but not complete, fraction of the many tens of thousands of self-peptides generated by antigen processing in live cells. In infected cells, in addition to this complex HLA ligandome, a minority of peptides from degradation of the few proteins encoded by the viral genome are also bound to HLA class I molecules. In this study, the standard immunopeptidomics strategy was modified to include the classical acid stripping treatment after virus infection to enrich the HLA ligandome in virus ligands. Complexes of HLA-B*27:05-bound peptide pools were isolated from vaccinia virus (VACV)-infected cells treated with acid stripping after virus infection. The HLA class I ligandome was identified using high throughput mass spectrometry analyses, yielding 37 and 51 natural peptides processed and presented untreated and after acid stripping treatment VACV-infected human cells, respectively. Most of these virus ligands were identified in both conditions, but exclusive VACV ligands detected by mass spectrometry detected on acid stripping treatment doubled the number of those identified in the untreated VACV-infected condition. Theoretical binding affinity prediction of the VACV HLA-B*27:05 ligands and acute antiviral T cell response characterization in the HLA transgenic mice model showed no differences between HLA ligands identified under the two conditions: untreated and under acid stripping condition. These findings indicated that acid stripping treatment could be useful to identify HLA class I ligands from virus-infected cells.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation SAF2014-58052 and “Acción Estratégica en Salud” MPY 388/18 to D.L.S

Synergistic effect of carboxypterin and methylene blue applied to antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against mature biofilm of Klebsiella pneumoniae

The control of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is a growing public health problem, and new strategies are urgently needed for the control of the infections caused by these microorganisms. Notoriously, some MDR microorganisms generate complex structures or biofilms, which adhere to surfaces and confer extraordinary resistance properties that are fundamental challenges to control infections. One of the promising strategies for the control of MDR bacteria is antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), which takes advantage of suitable photosensitizers (PS), oxygen and radiation to eradicate microorganisms by the generation of highly reactive species, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause cytotoxic damage and cell death. Habitual aPDT treatments use only methylene blue (MB), but MDR microorganism eradication is not completely achieved. The key result of this study revealed that a combination of two known PSs, 6-carboxypterin (Cap, 100 μM) and MB (2.5–10 μM) exposed to ultraviolet and visible radiation, presents a synergistic effect on the eradication of a MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae strain. Similar effect was observed when the treatment was performed either with planktonic or biofilm growing cells. Moreover, it was found that after treatment the killing action continues in the absence of irradiation leading to the eradication of the microorganisms growing in biofilm. Therefore, the combined aPDT represents a promising strategy for the management of clinical contact surfaces, disinfection of surgical instruments, biofouling and even antimicrobial wastewater treatment.Fil: Gaspar Tosato, Maira. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Schilardi, Patricia Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez Lorenzo, Monica Alicia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Thomas, Andrés Héctor. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Lorente, Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Miñan, Alejandro Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; Argentin

Artificial cells with viscoadaptive behavior based on hydrogel-loaded giant unilamellar vesicles

Viscoadaptation is an essential process in natural cells, where supramolecular interactions between cytosolic components drive adaptation of the cellular mechanical features to regulate metabolic function. This important relationship between mechanical properties and function has until now been underexplored in artificial cell research. Here, we have created an artificial cell platform that exploits internal supramolecular interactions to display viscoadaptive behavior. As supramolecular material to mimic the cytosolic component of these artificial cells, we employed a pH-switchable hydrogelator based on poly(ethylene glycol) coupled to ureido-pyrimidinone units. The hydrogelator was membranized in its sol state in giant unilamellar lipid vesicles to include a cell-membrane mimetic component. The resulting hydrogelator-loaded giant unilamellar vesicles (designated as HL-GUVs) displayed reversible pH-switchable sol-gel behavior through multiple cycles. Furthermore, incorporation of the regulatory enzyme urease enabled us to increase the cytosolic pH upon conversion of its substrate urea. The system was able to switch between a high viscosity (at neutral pH) and a low viscosity (at basic pH) state upon addition of substrate. Finally, viscoadaptation was achieved via the incorporation of a second enzyme of which the activity was governed by the viscosity of the artificial cell. This work represents a new approach to install functional self-regulation in artificial cells, and opens new possibilities for the creation of complex artificial cells that mimic the structural and functional interplay found in biological systems.</p

Cuerpo, sexualidad y género: diferentes tramas. Aportes desde la Filosofía con Niñxs

Este artículo está pensado con el objetivo de compartir nuestra experiencia de indagación filosófica en relación a las tramas entre cuerpo, género y sexualidad. La experiencia filosófica aquí presentada fue realizada con alumnas de los profesorados universitarios de la Escuela Normal Superior de la Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS). Los temas allí abordados, además de estar en la agenda pública, son muy fértiles a la hora de trabajar tanto en el aula como en espacios educativos no escolares. Así, más allá de los mandatos y prejuicios vigentes, hoy en día existen diversas propuestas como filosofía con niñxs para trabajar en torno a la cuestión. Por ello, mediante la narración y reflexión de la propia experiencia invitamos a lxs lectorxs a meditar sobre las suyas y los tópicos ya mencionados. Para lograr nuestro objetivo dividimos el texto en dos partes. En la primera de ellas presentaremos el plan de la sesión de indagación filosófica y la dinámica de trabajo llevada a cabo con el grupo de estudiantes. Nuestro propósito es mostrar que, a través de las sesiones de filosofía, es posible construir con otrxs diversas tramas en las que podemos ser de diferentes maneras. A su vez, sostenemos que el concepto de trama es amplio ya que abarca varios planos que van de lo personal a lo institucional. Además, si pensamos las tramas en tanto redes de poder, se nos abre la posibilidad de pensar y actuar de otras formas. A lo largo de la segunda parte, retomamos diferentes fuentes teóricas y pensamos en los conceptos ya referidos a partir de preguntas disparadoras. Para nosotras la práctica filosófica dentro de las instituciones ofrece la posibilidad de habitar dichos temas en un entramado diferente y promoviendo una infancia más libre