Three Steps to Heaven: Semantic Publishing in a Real World Workflow

Semantic publishing offers the promise of computable papers, enriched visualisation and a realisation of the linked data ideal. In reality, however, the publication process contrives to prevent richer semantics while culminating in a `lumpen' PDF. In this paper, we discuss a web-first approach to publication, and describe a three-tiered approach which integrates with the existing authoring tooling. Critically, although it adds limited semantics, it does provide value to all the participants in the process: the author, the reader and the machine.Comment: Published as part of SePublica 201

Some studies of the reactions of amines with aldehydes and with aromatic nitro - compounds in acetonitrile

Kinetic and equilibrium studies of the reactions between three trinitroaromatic species, 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, ethyl 2,4,6-trmitrophenyl ether and phenyl 2,4,6- trinitrophenyl ether and the ahphatic amines n-butylamine, pyrrolidine and piperidine, in acetonitrile were undertaken. It was found that the reactions between 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene and each amine were too fast to measure. However kinetic information was gamed from the decomposition of the c-adducts formed from1.3.5- trinitrobenzene and both pyrrolidine and piperidme. Both the 3-adduct and the 1-adduct are observed as intermediates m the reaction of the ethyl ether with each amine, though formation of the 3-adduct was too fast to measure by stopped flow spectrometry. Formation of the picramides is subject to general acid catalysis due to the poor leaving group ability of the ethoxide ion. Only the 3-adduct intermediate was observed in the formation of each picramide from the phenyl ether. The fact that the 1-adduct is not seen is attributed to the phenoxide ion being a weaker base and hence a much superior leaving group to the ethoxide ion. The equilibrium constants K(_c,3)º and K(_c,1)º are a factor of ca. 10(^4) smaller in acetonitrile than dimethyl sulphoxide. This is due to acetonitrile being inferior to dimethyl sulphoxide in its ability to solvate charged species. The value of k(AM) for reaction at an unsubstituted position approaches the diffusion controlled Unit of acetonitrile. The reactions of propanal, 2-chloroethanal, 2,2-dichloroethanal and 2,2,2- trichloroethanal (chloral) with ammonia and several primary amines were studied. Only the reactions of ammonia with propanal and 2-chloroethanal produced the corresponding 2,4,6-trisubstituted-l,3,5-hexahydrotriazme.Reactions of the aldehydes with primary ammes yield propylidene imines as relatively stable species. Trimerisation was not observed however the imine may undergo dimerisation together with elimination of amine. Kinetic and equilibrium studies are reported on the formation in acetonitrile of2.4.6- triethyl-l,3,5-hexahydrotriazine, (TEHT), from propanal and ammonia, and also the corresponding decomposition reaction. The equilibrium constant was found to decrease with increasing water content in the acetonitrile which can be attributed to stabilisation of ammonia by the water. Good correlation was achieved for values of the equilibrium constant calculated directly from absorbance measurements and from combination of rate constants obtained from the formation and decomposition reactions

Semantic Description, Publication and Discovery of Workflows in myGrid

The bioinformatics scientific process relies on in silico experiments, which are experiments executed in full in a computational environment. Scientists wish to encode the designs of these experiments as workflows because they provide minimal, declarative descriptions of the designs, overcoming many barriers to the sharing and re-use of these designs between scientists and enable the use of the most appropriate services available at any one time. We anticipate that the number of workflows will increase quickly as more scientists begin to make use of existing workflow construction tools to express their experiment designs. Discovery then becomes an increasingly hard problem, as it becomes more difficult for a scientist to identify the workflows relevant to their particular research goals amongst all those on offer. While many approaches exist for the publishing and discovery of services, there have been few attempts to address where and how authors of experimental designs should advertise the availability of their work or how relevant workflows can be discovered with minimal effort from the user. As the users designing and adapting experiments will not necessarily have a computer science background, we also have to consider how publishing and discovery can be achieved in such a way that they are not required to have detailed technical knowledge of workflow scripting languages. Furthermore, we believe they should be able to make use of others' expert knowledge (the semantics) of the given scientific domain. In this paper, we define the issues related to the semantic description, publishing and discovery of workflows, and demonstrate how the architecture created by the myGrid project aids scientists in this process. We give a walk-through of how users can construct, publish, annotate, discover and enact workflows via the user interfaces of the myGrid architecture; we then describe novel middleware protocols, making use of the Semantic Web technologies RDF and OWL to support workflow publishing and discovery

‘An Anatomy of Betrayal’: metaphor, method and meaning in the opera Taverner by Peter Maxwell Davies

This thesis is the first detailed and evaluative study of the opera Taverner (Op. 45) by Peter Maxwell Davies. It is presented in two parts: Part A (Perspectives) and Part B (Critique). Part A contextualises the opera. It considers its subject, describes its genesis and location, identifies its influences and shows how the opera intersects with other works. Part B considers the opera’s component parts through an explanation of its principal themes, appraisal of the libretto, discussion of structure and an examination of compositional style. This is a critical study which is empirical as opposed to theoretical in character and takes as its point of departure an existing work and does not seek to apply or develop any particular theory. The methods involve a review of existing primary materials, chiefly the opera’s score, writings and talks by the composer, plus secondary sources. This project will not explore Davies’s compositional techniques through analysis since extensive research has already been done in this field. The thesis favours a hermeneutical approach and embraces influence study in seeking to explain the opera’s considerable extra-musical dimensions. As there is no detailed critique of Taverner the primary objective of this study, and in which lies its doctoral originality, is to address that omission. By a comprehensive reappraisal of the opera, the thesis aims to acknowledge the work’s seminal importance and confirm its pivotal position in the composer’s completed oeuvre. Further, a lack of critical engagement with the work allied to its continued absence in the opera house may conspire to the opera acquiring the status of neglected masterpiece. Hence, a secondary objective of the project is to stimulate renewed interest and make a case for the revival of Taverner on stage.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Elder Conservatorium of Music, 202

Comparison of perceived requirements for maternal delivery between medical versus nursing students

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the perceptions of intervention and levels of care required for maternal delivery between medical and nursing students. The differences in perceived practices were then considered in relation to health care approaches explored in either the medical or nursing professions. Methods The number of individuals surveyed in this study included 98 (6th year) medical students and 78 (4th year) nursing students in the Oita University’s Faculty of Medicine. Out of the total 98 medical students recruited to participate in the study, 20 of them did not agree the survey. On the other hand, among the total 78 nursing students recruited, like their peers in medicine, 10 did not agree, whereby, only 68 nursing students were participated. As a result, the final rate of valid responses is 82.9% (78+68/98+78=146/176) as shown in (Table 1). The survey questionnaires were completed anonymously during the three months from August to October in 2014. The topics surveyed included the necessity or not of procedures used in delivery and types of care extended on delivery for mothers or their partners, or awareness for natural childbirth. The ethics committee of the university approved the study. Results In the survey of medical care and treatment for delivery, the number of medical students who desired lithotomy position and the use of oxytocin under the direction of obstetricians were significantly larger than that of nursing students (Table 2. Question No.9, No. 13, P=0.0001). As for the importance of the quality of the delivery experience in relation to the decision of birth place (P=0.0001, Table 2, Question No 2, Table 7, Question No. 2), and comfortable labor position using a location other than the childbirth table (P=0.0001, Table 2, Question No. 4), the number of nursing students was significantly higher than that of medical students. In accordance with the effective and recommended guidelines in “Care in normal birth: A practical guide (WHO1996)”, the authors highlighted survey questions that included consideration of “Planning of childbirth together with a partner”. This survey approach also included “Information for choice of birth place”, Respect for decisions as to who should be accompanying on childbirth and “Comfortable labor position or favorite birth or delivery places other than the childbirth delivery table.” (1) The ratio of medical students significantly supports that birth plan should be decided with partner was higher when compared with nursing students (Table 7. P=0.017). (2) As for information for choice of birthplace, more nursing students significantly support that birth place should be consented as compared with medical students (Table 7. P=0.0001). (3) More nursing students significantly support the person accompanying on delivery (Table 7. P=0.048). (4) Both nursing students and medical students agree with “Comfortable labor position or favorite delivery or birth places other than the childbirth delivery table” (Table 7. P=0.006) Table 8 has shown no recommendation by WHO such as enema, shaving, preventive vascular access, conventional lithotomy position. No such difference could be seen between both the medical students and nursing students as in Table 4. Consequently, the medical students indicated that higher preference for more medical treatment including promotion of delivery due to oxytocin treatment and lithotomy position was necessary compared to the nursing students’ expression of such desirability of the approach. Conclusion The study showed a significant difference in the perceived requirements for child birth or delivery between medical students and nursing students. The main differences are suspected to be due to differences in the educational programs and backgrounds which both the medical students or nursing students received while studying and training for their respective professions

Cytotoxic Hydrogen Bridged Ruthenium Quinaldamide Complexes Showing Induced Cancer Cell Death by Apoptosis

This report presents the first known p-cymene ruthenium quinaldamide complexes which are stablized by a hydrogenbridging atom, [[{(p-cym)RuIIX(N,N)}{H+ }{(N,N)XRuII(p-cym)}][PF6] (N,N = functionalised quinaldamide and X = Cl or Br). These complexes are formed by a reaction of [p-cymRu(-X)2]2 with a functionalised quinaldamide ligand. When filtered over NH4PF6, and under aerobic conditions the equilibrium of NH4PF6 NH3 + HPF6 enables incorporation of HPF6 and the stabilisation of two monomeric ruthenium complexes by a bridging H+ , which are counter-balanced by a PF6 counterion. Xray crystallographic analysis is presented for six new structures with O···O distances of 2.430(3)-2.444(17) Å, which is significant for strong hydrogen bonds. Chemosensitivity studies against HCT116, A2780 and cisplatin-resistant A2780cis human cancer cells showed the ruthenium complexes with a bromide ancillary ligand to be more potent than those with a chloride ligand. The 4'-fluoro compounds show a reduction in potency for both chloride and bromide complexes against all cell lines, but an increase in selectivity towards cancer cells compared to non-cancer ARPE-19 cells, with a selectivity index > 1. Mechanistic studies showed a clear correlation between IC50 values and induction of cell death by apoptosis