El desarrollo de la expresión escrita en la Universidades de Madrid: los trabajos fin de grado en los estudios de ADE

Ante la preocupación generalizada de la sociedad acerca de las carencias de los jóvenes en cuanto a la expresión escrita, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar si esta competencia se desarrolla y se evalúa en la Universidad. La comunidad académica no puede permanecer ajena a este problema, por lo que es importante que incluya dentro de sus planes de estudio la mejora de esta competencia. El desarrollo de la expresión escrita se incluye entre las competencias generales instrumentales para el aprendizaje y la formación. Se considera, por tanto, una competencia necesaria para cualquier tipo de estudio y cualquier perfil profesional. En particular, en los estudios de ADE, la adquisición de la expresión escrita no se circunscribe a ninguna asignatura en concreto, sino que puede desarrollarse en varias de ellas a lo largo de la titulación. No obstante, el Trabajo de Fin de Grado es una de las asignaturas en la que mejor puede enmarcarse la consecución de esta habilidad. Por este motivo, se realiza un análisis sobre el diseño, la organización, el contenido y la evaluación del Trabajo de Fin de Grado en todas las universidades de la Comunidad de Madrid, tanto públicas como privadas, en las que se imparte el Grado en Administración y Dirección de Empresas. El estudio se ha elaborado a partir de la información de los planes de estudio y de las guías docentes de la asignatura, disponibles en las páginas web de las universidades

Propuesta de una investigación participativa para la asignatura ¿Administración de la empresa familiar?: utilización del análisis comparativo y la entrevista en profundidad

En este estudio se expone una de las actividades llevadas a cabo en la asignatura “Administración de la Empresa Familiar”. Esta práctica se realiza utilizando distintas metodologías docentes afines al Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior: la lección magistral, el estudio de casos y el aprendizaje cooperativo, combinando además estos métodos con un análisis comparativo entre empresas y la técnica de la entrevista en profundidad. El objetivo perseguido es acercar al estudiante a la realidad empresarial que le rodea, en el que el 85 1 por ciento de las empresas son familiares. Se pretende que el estudiante comparta experiencias y se integre durante unas horas en una empresa familiar para que conozca su funcionamiento y pueda aplicar, en la práctica, lo que en teoría se explica en el aula. Además, se intenta que la búsqueda de información sobre la empresa elegida, el contacto que el estudiante mantenga en la entrevista así como la elaboración del informe que el estudiante tendrá que elaborar después, despierte en el alumno el interés por la investigación

CIBERER : Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative

Altres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low-prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15-year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research

Prospective observational cohort study on grading the severity of postoperative complications in global surgery research

Background The Clavien–Dindo classification is perhaps the most widely used approach for reporting postoperative complications in clinical trials. This system classifies complication severity by the treatment provided. However, it is unclear whether the Clavien–Dindo system can be used internationally in studies across differing healthcare systems in high- (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods This was a secondary analysis of the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), a prospective observational cohort study of elective surgery in adults. Data collection occurred over a 7-day period. Severity of complications was graded using Clavien–Dindo and the simpler ISOS grading (mild, moderate or severe, based on guided investigator judgement). Severity grading was compared using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Data are presented as frequencies and ICC values (with 95 per cent c.i.). The analysis was stratified by income status of the country, comparing HICs with LMICs. Results A total of 44 814 patients were recruited from 474 hospitals in 27 countries (19 HICs and 8 LMICs). Some 7508 patients (16·8 per cent) experienced at least one postoperative complication, equivalent to 11 664 complications in total. Using the ISOS classification, 5504 of 11 664 complications (47·2 per cent) were graded as mild, 4244 (36·4 per cent) as moderate and 1916 (16·4 per cent) as severe. Using Clavien–Dindo, 6781 of 11 664 complications (58·1 per cent) were graded as I or II, 1740 (14·9 per cent) as III, 2408 (20·6 per cent) as IV and 735 (6·3 per cent) as V. Agreement between classification systems was poor overall (ICC 0·41, 95 per cent c.i. 0·20 to 0·55), and in LMICs (ICC 0·23, 0·05 to 0·38) and HICs (ICC 0·46, 0·25 to 0·59). Conclusion Caution is recommended when using a treatment approach to grade complications in global surgery studies, as this may introduce bias unintentionally

The surgical safety checklist and patient outcomes after surgery: a prospective observational cohort study, systematic review and meta-analysis

© 2017 British Journal of Anaesthesia Background: The surgical safety checklist is widely used to improve the quality of perioperative care. However, clinicians continue to debate the clinical effectiveness of this tool. Methods: Prospective analysis of data from the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), an international observational study of elective in-patient surgery, accompanied by a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature. The exposure was surgical safety checklist use. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and the secondary outcome was postoperative complications. In the ISOS cohort, a multivariable multi-level generalized linear model was used to test associations. To further contextualise these findings, we included the results from the ISOS cohort in a meta-analysis. Results are reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. Results: We included 44 814 patients from 497 hospitals in 27 countries in the ISOS analysis. There were 40 245 (89.8%) patients exposed to the checklist, whilst 7508 (16.8%) sustained ≥1 postoperative complications and 207 (0.5%) died before hospital discharge. Checklist exposure was associated with reduced mortality [odds ratio (OR) 0.49 (0.32–0.77); P\u3c0.01], but no difference in complication rates [OR 1.02 (0.88–1.19); P=0.75]. In a systematic review, we screened 3732 records and identified 11 eligible studies of 453 292 patients including the ISOS cohort. Checklist exposure was associated with both reduced postoperative mortality [OR 0.75 (0.62–0.92); P\u3c0.01; I2=87%] and reduced complication rates [OR 0.73 (0.61–0.88); P\u3c0.01; I2=89%). Conclusions: Patients exposed to a surgical safety checklist experience better postoperative outcomes, but this could simply reflect wider quality of care in hospitals where checklist use is routine

Critical care admission following elective surgery was not associated with survival benefit: prospective analysis of data from 27 countries

This was an investigator initiated study funded by Nestle Health Sciences through an unrestricted research grant, and by a National Institute for Health Research (UK) Professorship held by RP. The study was sponsored by Queen Mary University of London