Tabela Periódica Acessível: da proposição do recurso à implementação no ensino de alunos com deficiência visual

O trabalho apresenta os resultados preliminares da pesquisa intitulada Recursos Alternativos ao Ensino de Química para Alunos com Deficiência: da proposição à avaliação dos efeitos na apropriação dos conceitos científicos. O estudo investiga o potencial mediador de recursos alternativos, produzidos para o ensino da tabela periódica, para alunos com deficiência. Os recursos foram construídos a partir das premissas do desenho universal da aprendizagem, da neurociência aplicada à educação e da temática da educação especial. Nesta etapa da investigação, os recursos foram aplicados e avaliados com estudantes cegos de uma sala de recursos para deficiência visual (DV). Dentre os aspectos que compõe a avaliação estão a adequação dos materiais com relação à discriminação tátil e visual; facilidade de manuseio; portabilidade; segurança; grau de fidelidade dos materiais com relação aos conceitos científicos; potencial mediador com relação aos objetivos de ensino. Os resultados da aplicação demonstram a viabilidade do ensino de conceitos químicos de natureza visual vinculados a tabela periódica, para alunos não visuais, mediante a garantia de recursos acessíveis e responsivos as características e estilos de aprendizagem dos estudantes

Biotechnological Applications of Nonconventional Yeasts

Yeasts not belonging to species of the Saccharomyces genus, called nonconventional yeasts, have gained prominence recently in the biotechnological scenario. For many years, they have been generally characterized as undesirable contaminants in fermentative processes. However, several studies pointed them as useful for many biotechnological applications. This chapter will cover some of these applications, highlighting the most widely employed nonconventional yeasts. The use of non-Saccharomyces strains in (I) xylose fermentation for the production of ethanol and xylitol, (II) brewing industry, (III) improvement of coffee and cocoa fermentation, and (IV) plant growth promotion will be presented

Microbiome Variation Across Populations of Desert Halophyte Zygophyllum qatarensis

Microbial symbionts play a significant role in plant health and stress tolerance. However, few studies exist that address rare species of core-microbiome function during abiotic stress. In the current study, we compared the microbiome composition of succulent dwarf shrub halophyte Zygophyllum qatarensis Hadidi across desert populations. The results showed that rhizospheric and endosphere microbiome greatly varied due to soil texture (sandy and gravel). No specific bacterial amplicon sequence variants were observed in the core-microbiome of bulk soil and rhizosphere, however, bacterial genus Alcaligenes and fungal genus Acidea were abundantly distributed across root and shoot endospheres. We also analyzed major nutrients such as silicon (Si), magnesium, and calcium across different soil textures and Z. qatarensis populations. The results showed that the rhizosphere and root parts had significantly higher Si content than the bulk soil and shoot parts. The microbiome variation can be attributed to markedly higher Si – suggesting that selective microbes are contributing to the translocation of soluble Si to root. In conclusion, low core-microbiome species abundance might be due to the harsh growing conditions in the desert – making Z. qatarensis highly selective to associate with microbial communities. Utilizing rare microbial players from plant microbiomes may be vital for increasing crop stress tolerance and productivity during stresses

Soil depth and geographic distance modulate bacterial β-diversity in deep soil profiles throughout the U.S. Corn Belt

Understanding how microbial communities are shaped across spatial dimensions is of fundamental importance in microbial ecology. However, most studies on soil biogeography have focused on the topsoil microbiome, while the factors driving the subsoil microbiome distribution are largely unknown. Here we used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to analyse the factors underlying the bacterial β-diversity along vertical (0–240 cm of soil depth) and horizontal spatial dimensions (~500,000 km2) in the U.S. Corn Belt. With these data we tested whether the horizontal or vertical spatial variation had stronger impacts on the taxonomic (Bray-Curtis) and phylogenetic (weighted Unifrac) β-diversity. Additionally, we assessed whether the distance-decay (horizontal dimension) was greater in the topsoil (0–30 cm) or subsoil (in each 30 cm layer from 30–240 cm) using Mantel tests. The influence of geographic distance versus edaphic variables on the bacterial communities from the different soil layers was also compared. Results indicated that the phylogenetic β-diversity was impacted more by soil depth, while the taxonomic β-diversity changed more between geographic locations. The distance-decay was lower in the topsoil than in all subsoil layers analysed. Moreover, some subsoil layers were influenced more by geographic distance than any edaphic variable, including pH. Although different factors affected the topsoil and subsoil biogeography, niche-based models explained the community assembly of all soil layers. This comprehensive study contributed to elucidating important aspects of soil bacterial biogeography including the major impact of soil depth on the phylogenetic β-diversity, and the greater influence of geographic distance on subsoil than on topsoil bacterial communities in agroecosystems

Microbiome Variation Across Populations of Desert Halophyte \u3ci\u3eZygophyllum qatarensis\u3c/i\u3e

Microbial symbionts play a significant role in plant health and stress tolerance. However, few studies exist that address rare species of core-microbiome function during abiotic stress. In the current study, we compared the microbiome composition of succulent dwarf shrub halophyte Zygophyllum qatarensis Hadidi across desert populations. The results showed that rhizospheric and endosphere microbiome greatly varied due to soil texture (sandy and gravel). No specific bacterial amplicon sequence variants were observed in the core-microbiome of bulk soil and rhizosphere, however, bacterial genus Alcaligenes and fungal genus Acidea were abundantly distributed across root and shoot endospheres. We also analyzed major nutrients such as silicon (Si), magnesium, and calcium across different soil textures and Z. qatarensis populations. The results showed that the rhizosphere and root parts had significantly higher Si content than the bulk soil and shoot parts. The microbiome variation can be attributed to markedly higher Si – suggesting that selective microbes are contributing to the translocation of soluble Si to root. In conclusion, low core-microbiome species abundance might be due to the harsh growing conditions in the desert – making Z. qatarensis highly selective to associate with microbial communities. Utilizing rare microbial players from plant microbiomes may be vital for increasing crop stress tolerance and productivity during stresses

Development of terminological subset for people with covid-19 sequelae

Objectives: to develop a terminological subset of the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP) for people with covid-19 sequelae.® Method: methodological study, which followed the steps: Identification of the relevant terms contained in the literature related to Covid-19 sequelae; Cross-mapping of the terms identified in the review with the terms of the classification; Construction of the statements of diagnoses, outcomes and nursing interventions and mapping of the constructed statements; Content validation of the statements by specialist nurses; and Structuring of the subset based on Roy’s Adaptation Model. For data analysis, the Content Validity Index was used, and the statements with Content Validity Index were validated ≥ 0.80. Content validation was performed by 28 specialist nurses. Results: 178 statements of nursing diagnoses/outcomes were constructed, with 450 nursing intervention statements. After content validation, a quantity of 127 diagnoses/outcomes and 148 nursing interventions were obtained, which comprised the terminological subset proposed in the study. Conclusion: the validated statements that make up the terminological subset with greater predominance were those outlines in the physiological adaptive mode. However, the repercussions on the spiritual, social and personal dimensions are also highlighted.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Suplementação de aminoácidos na fermentação alcoólica de mostos de me-laço e xarope de cana-de-açúcar empregando linhagem industrial CAT-1

Nitrogen supplementation may contribute to higher tolerance of S. cerevisiae strains to the different deleterious conditions, such as those that are faced in the Brazilian ethanol production. The present study evaluated the influence of amino acid supplementation under the growth and cell viability of CAT-1 industrial strain under conditions of ethanolic and osmotic stress (YNB medium with 10 and 12% v/v ethanol and molasses must with 15, 20, 25 and 30% ART). Amino acid supplementation was also evaluated in fermentations of sugarcane molasses and syrup, using cell recycle. The results revealed that amino acid supplementation caused distinct effects on the physiological behavior of the yeast according to the medium/musts provided. Histidine supplementation favored the CAT-1 for higher growth and cell viability in molasses and syrup musts. The results showed that the supplementation of 200 mg.L-1 of amino acid can favor or degrade the growth and viability of the CAT-1 in fermentations simulating Brazilian industrial conditions. Supplementation with histidine proved to be the most promising for increasing the tolerance of the industrial strain.La suplementación con nitrógeno puede contribuir a una mayor tolerancia de las cepas de S. cerevisiae frente a varias condiciones perjudiciales, como las que se encuentran en el proceso de producción de etanol brasileño. El presente estudio evaluó la influencia de la suplementación de aminoácidos en el crecimiento y la viabilidad celular de la cepa industrial CAT-1 en condiciones de estrés etanólico y osmótico (medio YNB con 10 y 12% v / v de etanol y mosto de melaza con 15, 20, 25 y 30% de ART). La suplementación con aminoácidos también se evaluó en melaza de caña de azúcar y fermentaciones de jarabe, empleando reciclaje celular. Los resultados revelaron que la suplementación con aminoácidos tenía efectos distintos sobre el comportamiento fisiológico de la levadura de acuerdo con el medio / mosto suministrado. La suplementación con histidina favoreció la cepa CAT-1 para un mayor crecimiento y viabilidad en los mostos de melaza y jarabe. Los resultados revelaron que la suplementación de 200 mg.L-1 de aminoácidos a partir de aminoácidos, agregados a los diferentes mostos, puede favorecer o depreciar el crecimiento y la viabilidad de la cepa CAT-1 en fermentaciones que simulan condiciones industriales brasileñas. La suplementación con histidina demostró ser la más prometedora para aumentar la tolerancia de la cepa industrial.A suplementação de fontes nitrogenadas pode contribuir para maior tolerância de linhagens de S. cerevisiae frente às diversas condições deletérias, como as que são enfrentadas no processo brasileiro de produção de etanol. O presente estudo avaliou a influência da suplementação de aminoácidos sob o crescimento e a viabilidade celular da linhagem industrial CAT-1 em condições de estresse etanólico e osmótico (meio YNB com 10 e 12% v/v de etanol e mosto de melaço com 15, 20, 25 e 30% de ART). A suplementação de aminoácidos também foi avaliada em fermentações de melaço e xarope de cana-de-açúcar, empregando reciclo (reaproveitamento) de células. Os resultados revelaram que a suplementação com aminoácidos ocasionou efeitos distintos no comportamento fisiológico da levedura de acordo com o meio/mosto fornecido. A suplementação com histidina favoreceu a linhagem CAT-1 para maior crescimento e viabilidade em mostos provenientes tanto de melaço quanto de xarope. Os resultados revelaram que a suplementação de 200 mg.L-1 de nitrogênio amínico proveniente de aminoácidos, adicionada aos diferentes mostos, pode favorecer ou depreciar o crescimento e viabilidade da linhagem CAT-1 em fermentações simulando as condições industriais brasileiras. A suplementação com histidina se mostrou a mais promissora para o aumento da tolerância da linhagem industrial CAT-1. &nbsp

Adherence to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in Portuguese-Speaking Countries

Funding Information: National Research Council–CNPq. Process: 159908/2019-1. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.Strengthening strategies to improve adherence to the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in key populations constitutes a global health priority to be achieved across countries, especially in countries that share a high flow of people such as Brazil and Portugal. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with adherence to PrEP among MSM from two Portuguese-speaking countries, highlighting the opportunities and preventive strategies for the global health scenario. This was a cross-sectional analytical online survey conducted from January 2020 to May 2021 with MSM in Brazil and Portugal. For analysis of the data, the Poisson regression model was used to estimate the prevalence ratio (PR) for developing a model to evaluate the associated factors in both countries in a comparative and isolated way. Adherence to PrEP use corresponded to 19.5% (n = 1682) of the overall sample: 18.3% (n = 970) for Brazil and 21.5% (n = 712) for Portugal. Having more than two sex partners in the last 30 days (aPR: 30.87) and routinely undergoing HIV tests (aPR: 26.21) increased the use of this medication. Being an immigrant (PR: 1.36) and knowing the partner’s serological status (PR: 1.28) increased adherence to PrEP in Portugal, whereas, in Brazil, it was being an immigrant (PR: 0.83) and not knowing the serological status (PR: 2.24) that promoted the use of this medication. Our findings reinforce the need to invest in programs and strategies to improve access and adherence to PrEP, especially in key populations.publishersversionpublishe

Revisão sobre a eficácia e segurança no uso de inibidores de co-transportadores de sódio-glicose-2 na fisiopatologia da diabetes mellitus tipo II / Review on the effectiveness and safety in the use of sodium-glucose-2 co-carrier inhibitors in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus type II

A fisiopatologia da diabetes mellitus tipo 2 consiste em uma síndrome relacionada com a disfunção da insulina no processo de regulação da glicose sérica, no qual é a de maior prevalência na população diabética, correspondendo a cerca de 90 a 95% dos casos. Seu controle pode ser feito pela alimentação saudável, prática de exercícios físicos, e em caso de não controle o apelo pela medicação afim de obter controle da hiperglicemia. Contudo, alguns pacientes não se adequam a determinadas medicações, e fármacos da classe dos inibidores de SGLT-2 tem se demonstrado eficazes em seu controle. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a eficácia e segurança de sua farmacoterapia em estudos de ensaios clínicos. As classes avaliadas em estudos de ensaios clínicos foram: dapagliflozina, canagliflozina, empagliflozina, ipragliflozina, luseogliflozina e tofogliflozina em monoterapia, terapias complementares e comparativos. Sendo assim, se demonstraram eficazes no controle da DM2, com alguns eventos adversos que precisam ser bem avaliados dependente de sua dose, idade e condições clínicas do paciente

Administração de metilprednisolona na esclerose multipla: revisão sistemática de literatura / Administration of methylprednisolone in multiple sclerosis: systematic literature review

Introdução: Esclerose Múltipla (EM) constitui-se uma doença inflamatória desmielinizante, com incidências cada vez mais crescentes no mundo, demandando aumento nos gastos públicos com tratamentos. Dentre eles a aplicação da Metilprednisolona (MP) constitui-se uma prática clínica muito usada, contudo seus métodos de aplicação ainda não são definidos. Objetivos: O estudo constitui uma revisão sistemática de literatura com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da administração metilprednisolona na esclerose múltipla. Metodologia: Constitui-se de uma revisão da literatura nos bancos de dados do Science Direct e PubMed. Foram utilizados as estratégias de busca e os critérios de inclusão, logo, foram incluídos 10 estudos para constituição da revisão sistemática. Resultados e discussões: A MP demonstra resultados significativos como terapia na EM, principalmente quando administrada nos modos que utilizam uma alta dosagem do fármaco. Conclusão: A administração da MP demonstra ser eficaz no tratamento da EM, contudo ainda são necessários mais estudos para a determinação de parâmetros de dosagem, duração e número de aplicações.