Chemoenzymatic synthesis of optically active 2-(2- or 4-substituted-1H-imidazol-1-yl)cycloalcanols. Chiral additives for (L)-proline

Enantiopure substituted imidazoles obtained by enzymatic kinetic resolution can be promising candidates as co-catalysts for aldol reactions catalysed by (L)-proline. These additives seem to form supramolecular complexes with the catalyst through the formation of H-bonds, leading to significant improvement in both the reaction rates and selectivity of the reaction. Herein, we present our results on the use of these substituted trans-2-imidazoyl-cycloalkanols as additives for the (L)-proline catalyzed direct aldol reaction between ketones and aromatic aldehydes

Guía de saúde infantil : actividades preventivas e de promoción da saúde en pediatría de atención primaria

Se trata de una guía de salud infantil dirigida a los profesionales que trabajan en el ámbito de la asistencia sanitaria a los niños y adolescentes en atención primaria del Sistema Público de Salud de Galicia.Trátase dunha guía de saúde infantil dirixida aos profesionais que traballan no ámbito da asistencia sanitaria aos nenos e adolescentes na atención primaria do Sistema Público de Saúde de Galicia

Hybrid Organo- and Biocatalytic Process for the Asymmetric Transformation of Alcohols into Amines in Aqueous Medium

A hybrid organo- and biocatalytic system for the asymmetric conversion of racemic alcohols into amines was developed. Combining an organocatalyst, AZADO, an oxidant, NaOCl, and an enzyme, ω-transaminase, we implemented a one-pot oxidation–transamination sequential process in aqueous medium. The method showed broad substrate scope and was successfully applied to conventional secondary alcohols and sterically hindered β-substituted cycloalkanols, where a highly stereoselective dynamic asymmetric bioamination enabled us to set up both contiguous stereocenters with very high enantio- and diastereomeric ratio (>90% yield, >99% ee, and up to 49:1 dr)

Nurse practice against sexual practice

La violencia de género es un problema de gran magnitud, tanto por su frecuencia como por sus graves consecuencias para la salud de las mujeres, y constituye un importante problema de salud pública. Las agresiones sexuales son una de las múltiples formas que adopta la violencia de género. El personal de enfermería tiene un papel central en la atención de los casos de agresiones sexuales agudas. El objetivo del presente artículo es presentar el papel del equipo de enfermería en las agresiones sexuales agudas. Para ello, se realiza toda una serie de recomendaciones tanto desde el rol autónomo como desde el rol de colaboración de enfermería. El gran interés de este artículo radica en que, una vez leído, enfermería, sea del ámbito asistencial que sea, sepa qué hacer y qué no hacer ante un caso de agresión sexual aguda

Stereoselective chemoenzymatic synthesis of enantiopure 2-(1H-imidazol-yl)cycloalkanols under continuous flow conditions

The development of continuous flow processes for the synthesis of chiral enantiopure 1-(2-hydroxycycloalkyl)imidazoles is reported. For the ring-opening reaction microwave batch processes and continuous flow reactions have led to similar results in terms of conversion, although the productivity is clearly improved under flow. The use of continuous flow systems for the lipase-catalyzed kinetic resolution of the racemic 2-(1H-imidazol-yl)cycloalkanols with either immobilized CAL-B or PSL-C has been demonstrated to be significantly more efficient than the corresponding batch processes. The continuous flow biotransformations have allowed us to easily increase the production of these chiral imidazoles, adequate building blocks in the synthesis of chiral ionic liquid

Enantiopure Triazolium Salts: Chemoenzymatic Synthesis and Applications in Organocatalysis

Financial support by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN CTQ2007-61126, CTQ2008-04412, CTQ2008-04309, and CTQ2009-14366-C02) and UJI-BANCAIXA (P1-1A2009-58) is acknowledged. V.G.-F. (Ramón y Cajal Program) and R.P. (FPU) thank the MICINN for personal funding. N.R.-L. thank FICYT for a predoctoral fellowship.A novel family of triazolium salt enantiomers has been efficiently synthesized by combining chemical and biocatalytic methods. The stereoselective action shown by hydrolytic enzymes led to the design of simple and general chemoenzymatic routes in which tunable vectors, such as ring size, substituent stereochemistry, oxygen substitution, anion nature, or N4-triazole alkylating chain, were considered to produce 30 enantiopure triazolium salts in very high overall yields. Finally, selected triazolium salts were tested as phase-transfer catalysts in the asymmetric Michael addition of diethyl malonate to trans-chalcone to rationalize their activity and stereopreference. Low to complete conversion values were achieved in the formation of the Michael addition adduct, which mainly gave low levels of stereoselectivity depending on the different structural patterns considered in this systematic study.Peer reviewe