La tutoria virtual i la inserció laboral dels professionals d'infermeria

L'objectiu de la investigació és «dissenyar, desenvolupar i avaluar un programa de tutorització virtual (VIRTICS), com a sistema d'acompanyament al professional d'infermeria novell en el procés d'inserció i adaptació al món professional».S'ha realitzat un estudi de cas, utilitzant una metodologia mixta: qualitativa i quantitativa. La primera part consisteix en recollir i analitzar informació sobre com era el procés d'inserció laboral dels professionals d'infermeria novells que començaven a treballar als centres de l'Institut Català de la Salut (ICS) de la Regió Sanitària de les Terres de l'Ebre, tant en l'àmbit hospitalari com en el d'atenció primària durant l'estiu 2006 i 2007. Partint d'aquestes dades i, en un segon moment, es dissenya un entorn virtual que permet implantar un programa de tutorització virtual, VIRTICS. Es realitza, durant l'estiu 2008, una prova pilot de l'entorn virtual de tutoria als professionals d'infermeria novells i se'n fa un seguiment.The goal of this research is "designing , developing and assessing a virtual mentoring programme (VIRTICS) to help junior nursing professionals into the labour world". A case study has been made based on participant action-research, using mixed methodology: quantitative and qualitative. The first part of the research is gathering and analyzing information about the integration in the labour market of nursing professionals starting to work in the Catalan Health Institute (ICS) centers in Terres de l'Ebre both in hospitals and in primary health care during the summer of 2006 and 2007. A preliminary test of a virtual mentoring for junior nursing professionals in Verge de la Cinta Hospital in Tortosa is carried out during the summer of 2008

Nursing assessment as an effective tool for the identification of delirium risk in older in-patients: a case-control study

Aims and objectives: to evaluate the usefulness of comprehensive nursing assessment as a strategy for determining the risk of delirium in older in-patients from a model of care needs based on variables easily measured by nurses. Background: there are many scales of assessment and prediction of risk of delirium, but they are little known and infrequently used by professionals. Recognition of delirium by doctors and nurses continues to be limited. Design and methods: a case-control study. A specific form of data collection was designed to include the risk factors for delirium commonly identified in the literature and the care needs evaluated from the comprehensive nursing assessment based on the Virginia Henderson model of care needs. We studied 454 in-patient units in a basic general hospital. Data were collected from a review of the records of patients' electronic clinical history. Results: the areas of care that were significant in patients with delirium were dyspnoea, problems with nutrition, elimination, mobility, rest and sleep, self-care, physical safety, communication and relationships. The specific risk factors identified as independent predictors were as follows: age, urinary incontinence, urinary catheter, alcohol abuse, previous history of dementia, being able to get out of bed/not being at rest, habitual insomnia and history of social risk. Conclusions: comprehensive nursing assessment is a valid and consistent strategy with a multifactorial model of delirium, which enables the personalised risk assessment necessary to define a plan of care with specific interventions for each patient to be made. Relevance to clinical practice: the identification of the risk of delirium is particularly important in the context of prevention. In a model of care based on needs, nursing assessment is a useful component in the risk assessment of delirium and one that is necessary for developing an individualised care regime

Social networks and higher education: The attitudes of university students towards the educational use of social networks, back to test

In a context in which social networks continue to advance in its social use, this study aims to investigate the attitudes of university students towards the educational use of social networks. Through a questionnaire we have interrogated a sample (N = 141) of new students on their knowledge and use of social networks, in their personal and academic lives. Our main results certify that students use much social networks in their personal life but not in their academic tasks, partly because of the lack of initiative of teachers to use them. In any case, no major misgivings for their incorporation are observed, and attitudes are generally better than those documented in previous studies. Therefore, we can proceed to incorporate social networks normally into university life.En un contexto en que las redes sociales siguen avanzando en su uso social, este estudio se propone investigar acerca de las actitudes de los estudiantes universitarios hacia el uso educativo de las redes sociales. Por medio de un cuestionario, se interroga a una muestra (N=141) de estudiantes de nuevo acceso sobre su conocimiento y su uso de las redes sociales, en la vida personal y académica. Los principales resultados certifican que los estudiantes usan mucho las redes sociales en la vida personal pero no en la vida académica, en parte debido a la falta de iniciativa de los profesores en su uso. En cualquier caso, no se observan grandes reservas en el alumnado acerca de la bondad de su incorporación, y las actitudes son generalmente mejores que las documentados en estudios previos. Por lo tanto, podemos proceder a incorporar las redes sociales en la vida universitaria con normalidad

Actitudes y expectativas del uso educativo de las redes sociales en los alumnos universitarios

Les xarxes socials, que els últims anys han comportat una autèntica revolució en la manera de relacionar-se, encara continuen essent poc presents en l'àmbit acadèmic: les ocasions en què es fan servir són aïllades i poques tenen continuïtat. En aquest context, volem reflexionar sobre l'actitud que els mateixos estudiants tenen envers l'ús, l'aprofitament didàctic i les potencialitats que les xarxes socials presenten en l'àmbit educatiu. Per a aquesta reflexió ens hem valgut d'una enquesta feta entre els estudiants. La intenció és que l'estudi d'aquesta actitud inicial sigui el pas previ necessari per a trobar les claus perquè l'alumnat accepti i materialitzi el potencial educatiu de les xarxes socials.In the last few years, social networks have revolutionised the way in which many people relate to each other, but their use is still very limited in the academic field. When they are used, the experiences tend to be very isolated and lacking in continuity. In this context, and by means of a questionnaire, our objective is to bring an element of reflection on students' attitudes towards the use of social networks in general, and their use and potential in an educational context in particular. The aim is to compel students to think about these attitudes as a vital first step in getting them to accept and realise the educational potential of social networks.Las redes sociales, que en los últimos años han supuesto una auténtica revolución en la forma de relacionarse, todavía siguen siendo algo poco presente en el ámbito académico: las ocasiones en que se utilizan son aisladas y pocas gozan de continuidad. En ese contexto, pretendemos reflexionar acerca de la actitud que los propios estudiantes tienen con respecto del uso, del aprovechamiento didáctico y de las potencialidades que las redes sociales presentan en el ámbito educativo. Para esta reflexión nos hemos valido de una encuesta realizada entre los estudiantes. La intención es que el estudio de esta actitud inicial sea el paso previo necesario para hallar las claves para que el alumnado acepte y materialice el potencial educativo de las redes sociales

Information needs of family caregivers of dependent individuals

The increase in the number of dependent individuals means that more and more families find themselves in the situation of caregivers, with all the consequences that performing this role entails. Based on this reality, we considered it to be completely relevant to systematize knowledge in this area. This study aimed to identify the information needs of the family caregiver-dependent individuals in the available scientific literature, having performed an integrative review of the literature. The main results and conclusions indicate that the information needs of family caregivers can be grouped into three main themes: 1) caregiver knowledge and skills, 2) potential resources for the caregiver and 3) caregiver coping strategies and well-being. The comprehensive nature of the integrative review as the chosen method allowed us to get a good understanding of the information needs of family caregivers of dependent individuals. The relevance of this study to clinical practice is that, although it is still necessary to expand and enhance the scope of research in this area, we consider this information essential for all health professionals seeking to provide effective support to family caregivers, as well as to serve as support for the development of intervention projects and health servicesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Design of a Tutorship Program to Favour The Labour Insertion of New Nursing Professionals

Se presenta el diseño de un programa de e-tutoría como soporte y acompañamiento a los profesionales de enfermería noveles con el fin de facilitar su inserción laboral. La revisión bibliográfica efectuada hace pensar que el sistema de tutoría propuesto puede favorecer la incorporación laboral. En este artículo se analizan algunos de los diferentes aspectos y componentes que hay que tener en cuenta al diseñar un programa de e-tutoría: tutores, entorno virtual, modalidades de comunicación, material de soporte, plan de trabajo, para finalizar se presenta una guía básica que puede servir como punto de partida para implantar programas de tutoría virtual.We presents the design of a tutorship program as for giving support the new nursing professionals in order to facilitate his labour insertion. The bibliographical carried out review makes us thinking that the system of tutorship proposed can favor the labour incorporation. In this article we have analyzed some of the different aspects and components that it is necessary to considerate for designing a tutorship program: tutors, virtual environment, communication modalities, support material and workplan. Finally, we present a basic guide as starting point for implementing virtual tutorship programs

Características de um programa de capacitação para familiares cuidadores de pessoas com demência a residir no domicílio

CONTEXTO: Construir, implementar e avaliar programas de capacitação para familiares cuidadores de pessoas com demência a residir no domicílio deve ser um objetivo para a Enfermagem de Saúde Mental. OBJETIVO: Identificar as características definidoras de um programa de capacitação para familiares cuidadores de pessoas com demência a residir no domicílio. METODOLOGIA: Focus Group. RESULTADOS: Como tipologia para estes programas propõe-se: 6/8 semanas, 6/8 sessões individuais, com duração de 60 minutos cada. Principais temas a abordar: doença e as suas fases, necessidades do cuidador, entre outros. As abordagens metodológicas passam pela discussão dos temas e pelas técnicas de resolução de problemas. A avaliação deve realizar-se antes e após o programa, através de instrumentos que mensurem as características sociodemográficas, a sobrecarga, a satisfação, entre outros. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo permitiu identificar as principais características que devem integrar os programas de capacitação para familiares cuidadores de pessoas com demência a residir no domicílio, abrindo portas para o desenvolvimento de intervenções nesta área e para futuros projetos de investigação.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Caring for family caregivers: An analysis of a family-centered intervention

Objetivo Evaluar la efectividad de la Técnica de Resolución de Problemas (TRP) en cuidadoras familiares mediante escalas positivas de ansiedad, depresión y malestar emocional; explorar los factores facilitadores y barreras en su aplicación a partir de la narrativa de las enfermeras. Método Ensayo clínico y grupo focal exploratorio y metodología de análisis mixta. Ilevado a cabo en el Centro de Atención Primaria de Tarragona (España), cuya muestra fue 122 cuidadoras familiares incluidas en el programa de atención domiciliaria y 10 enfermeras del grupo intervención. Grupo experimental aplicación de la TRP, a la cuidadora familiar con síntomas de ansiedad, depresión y malestar percibido. Grupo control la enfermera realiza la intervención habitual. Medición pre-post en ambos grupos. Grupo de discusión con ocho enfermeras del grupo intervención, trascripción y análisis del contenido. Conclusión Se demuestra la efectividad de la TRP en la reducción de ansiedad, depresión y malestar percibido. Se identifican los puntos fuertes y las barreras descritas por las enfermeras en la aplicación de la técnica.
Objective To assess the effectiveness of Problem-Solving Therapy (PST) on family caregivers through the use of scales to measure anxiety, depression and emotional distress; and to explore facilitating factors and obstacles for its use based on the narrative of nurses. Method A clinical trial and an exploratory focus group with the use of mixed analysis methodology. The study was conducted in a primary health care center in Tarragona, Spain, and the sample consisted of 122 family caregivers who were included in the home care service, and 10 nurses who participated in the intervention group. Family caregivers with evident symptoms of anxiety, depression and emotional distress received PST in the intervention group. The intervention group also consisted of a discussion with eight nurses, which was transcribed and submitted to content analysis. Conclusion Problem-Solving Therapy proved to be effective in reducing perceived anxiety, depression and emotional distress. We identified its strong points and obstacles as described by nurses.

Objetivo Avaliar a efetividade da Técnica de Resolução de Problemas (TRP) em cuidadores familiares mediante escalas positivas de ansiedade, depressão e stress emocional; explorar os fatores facilitadores e as barreiras para sua aplicação a partir das narrativas das enfermeiras. Método Ensaio clínico e grupo focal exploratório, com metodologia de análise mista. Realizado em centros de cuidados primários em Tarragona (Espanha), cuja amosta foi de 122 cuidadores familiares, incluindo atendimento domiciliar e 10 enfermeiros no grupo de intervenção. Grupo implementação experimental do TRP, cuidador familiar com sintomas de ansiedade, depressão e desconforto percebido. No grupo controle a enfermeira executa a intervenção habitual. Feita medição pré e pós intervenção em ambos os grupos. Grupo de discussão com oito enfermeiros do grupo de intervenção, transcrição e análise de conteúdo. Conclusão Ficou demonstrada a eficácia da TRP na redução da ansiedade, depressão e desconforto percebido. Foram identificados os pontos fortes e as barreiras na aplicação da técnica.

Necessidades dos cuidadores familiares de pessoas com demência a residirno domicílio : revisão integrativa

CONTEXTO: o aumento da incidência e da prevalência da demência constituem um problema signi!cativo de saúde pública, o que implica uma maior atenção às necessidades dos cuidadores familiares, sendo essencial identi!ca-las. OBJETIVO: identi!car as principais necessidades dos cuidadores familiares de pessoas com demência a residir no domicílio. METODOLOGIA: revisão integrativa da literatura, através das bases de dados Pubmed, Repositório Cientí!co de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Mediclatina e Medline, utilizando como descritores: cuidadores familiares, avaliação das necessidades de cuidados de saúde, demência e idoso. A pesquisa incluiu publicações entre 2005 e 2015, sendo identi!cados 8 artigos para revisão que obedeciam aos critérios de inclusão. RESULTADOS: a análise dos dados recolhidos permitiu identi!car as necessidades dos cuidadores familiares e elenca-las em três grandes grupos: i) necessidades relacionadas com o cuidador familiar; ii) necessidades relacionadas com o papel de cuidador e iii) necessidades relacionadas com o contexto do cuidar. CONCLUSÕES: foi possível identi!car e reunir as necessidades destes cuidadores numa lista, o que pode servir de base para o planeamento dos cuidados dos pro!ssionais de saúde e para o desenvolvimento de serviços de suporte para os cuidadores familiares.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Psychometric properties of the self-administered version of the 'Self-Care Requisites Scale' among carers for the mentally ill

Introduction: people with schizophrenia frequently need the assistance of a family member who may then become the main carer for the patient. For the carer this may be a difficult and complicated situation that needs to be taken into account in the design of healthcare intervention. Our plan was to carry out an evaluation of the carer, using the 'Self-care Requisites Scale' of Roldan (2011). The aim of the study was to adapt the scale in such a way that it could be self-administered. Methodology: the design was carried out in two phases. First the questionnaire was adapted so that it could be self-administered; this was done by consensus among a group of experts. In the second phase we analyzed the psychometric properties of the results in terms of reliability and validity. Results: the definitive questionnaire consisted of 35 items and 6 dimensions. The internal consistency coefficient for the instrument overall was 0.85. The strongest correlations were obtained between the majority of the sub-scales and the total scale. Conclusions: the 'Self-care Requisites Scale' is easily self-administered by the carers of people suffering schizophrenia. The results, in terms of both reliability and validity, were good