Sicherheits- und Präventionskonzepte im Umbruch: von der Gruppenvorsorge zur individualisierten medizinischen Risikoprävention für Schwangere

Lindner U. Sicherheits- und Präventionskonzepte im Umbruch: von der Gruppenvorsorge zur individualisierten medizinischen Risikoprävention für Schwangere. In: Lengwiler M, Madarasz J, eds. Das präventive Selbst. Eine Kulturgeschichte moderner Gesundheitspolitik. Bielefeld: transcript; 2010: 229-250

Projected changes in mineral soil carbon of European forests, 1990–2100

Forests are a major land use in Europe, and European forest soils contain about the same amount of carbon as is found in tree biomass. Changes in the size of the forest soil carbon pool could have significant impacts on the European carbon budget. We present the first assessment of future changes in European forest soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks using a dedicated process-based SOC model and state-of-the-art databases of driving variables. Soil carbon change was calculated for Europe using the Rothamsted Carbon model using climate data from four climate models, forced by four Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) emissions scenarios (SRES). Changes in litter input to the soil due to forest management, projected changes in net primary production (NPP), forest age-class structure, and changes in forest area were taken into account. Results are presented for mineral soil only. Under some climate scenarios carbon in forest soils will increase slightly (0.1 to 4.6 Pg) in Europe over the 21st Century, whilst for one scenario, forest SOC stocks are predicted to decrease by 0.3 Pg. Different trends are seen in different regions. Climate change will tend to speed decomposition, whereas increases in litter input due to increasing NPP and changing age-class structure will slow the loss of SOC. Increases in forest area could further enhance the total soil carbon stock of European forests. Whilst climate change will be a key driver of change in forest soil carbon, changes in ageclass structure and land-use change are estimated to have greater effects

The training crisis in health psychology in Australia

This article begins with a brief history of the emergence of health psychology, discussing the nature of heath psychology, and the crisis in health that drives the need for more health psychologists. It then proceeds to discuss training in health psychology in Australia at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. To provide a context for considering ways forward, the history of training in health psychology in Australia is reviewed, followed by an examination of equivalent training overseas. Reviewing these literatures revealed that in Australia only five universities offer a compulsory stand-alone course in health psychology in the first 3 years of the undergraduate degree. As many as 11 Australian universities have offered postgraduate training in health psychology, but this number has fallen to only three universities currently. Recommended goals and strategies for increasing postgraduate training in health psychology are offered related to (a) increasing demand from applicants for postgraduate programmes in health psychology; (b) increasing employment opportunities for health psychologists in the public and private sectors; (c) increasing government funding for postgraduate professional programmes; (d) development of alternative training options; and (e) increasing attractiveness of existing training options.Griffith Health, School of Applied PsychologyFull Tex

Ceramic-like Composite Systems for Winding Insulation of Electrical Machines

Insulating sheets, impregnants and encapsulation materials commonly used for winding insulation offer low thermal conductivities. This leads to an increased heating of the winding of electrical machines and to the existence of hotspots. The electromagnetical utilization of the machine has to be reduced with respect to the allowed maximum winding temperature. In this paper, the development and experimental investigation of novel polysiloxane composites with ceramic fillers are presented. The materials are tested by means of impregnated and encapsulated samples of a round-wire winding as well as the main insulation of electrical steel sheets and laminated cores. Numerical models are implemented for determining the equivalent thermal conductivity of the winding compound comprising the enameled wire and the impregnant. Based on the example of a permanent-magnet synchronous machine with outer-rotor in modular construction, the potential for increasing the electromagnetical utilization is shown

Efficacy of Oral Rabies Vaccine Baits Containing SPBN GASGAS in Domestic Dogs According to International Standards

(1) Background: The oral vaccination of free-roaming dogs against rabies has been developed as a promising complementary tool for mass dog vaccination. However, no oral rabies vaccine has provided efficacy data in dogs according to international standards. (2) Methods: To test the immunogenicity and efficacy of the third-generation oral rabies virus vaccine strain, SPBN GASGAS, in domestic dogs, dogs were offered an egg-flavoured bait containing 3.0 mL of the vaccine (107.5 FFU/mL) or a placebo egg-flavoured bait. Subsequently, these 25 vaccinated and 10 control animals were challenged approximately 6 months later with a dog rabies virus isolate. Blood samples were collected at different time points postvaccination and examined by ELISA and RFFIT. (3) Results: All but 1 of the 25 vaccinated dogs survived the challenge infection; meanwhile, all 10 control dogs succumbed to rabies. The serology results showed that all 25 vaccinated dogs seroconverted in ELISA (>40% PB); meanwhile, only 13 of the 25 vaccinated dogs tested seropositive ≥ 0.5 IU/mL) in RFFIT. (4) Conclusions: The SPBN GASGAS rabies virus vaccine meets the efficacy requirements for live oral rabies vaccines as laid down by the European Pharmacopoeia and the WOAH Terrestrial Manual. SPBN GASGAS already fulfilled the safety requirements for oral rabies vaccines targeted at dogs. Hence, the egg-flavoured bait containing SPBN GASGAS is the first oral vaccine bait that complies with WOAH recommendations for the intended use of oral vaccination of free-roaming dogs against rabies