A RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL DOS FORNECEDORES DE ALIMENTOS TRANSGÊNICOS

O presente trabalho tem por escopo a análise da doutrina a respeito da responsabilidade civil dos fornecedores de alimentos transgênicos. A pesquisa permitiu aferir que os fornecedores diretos ou indiretos de alimentos que contenham substâncias transgênicas devem ser responsabilizados por eventuais danos que venham causar aos consumidores. A responsabilidade decorre de imposição legal e moral, pois assumem um risco ao fornecer tais alimentos. Sua atividade lucrativa não pode trazer prejuízos ao público alvo, especialmente no que diz respeito à saúde

A (IN)OBSERVÂNCIA DOS DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS DAS CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES EM SITUAÇÃO DE RUA

A humanização do direito configura um apelo urgente e inadiável, o qual exige ações e pesquisas jurídicas em atenção a situações que representam risco aos direitos fundamentais, em especial, ao princípio da dignidade humana, princípio este que apesar de constitucionalmente consagrado, é frequentemente desrespeitado e não observado. Neste contexto, surge a necessidade de atenção a um dos grupos mais vulneráveis, as crianças e adolescentes em situação de rua, cuja susceptibilidade à não observância de seus direitos, clama por intervenções claras e precisas. Assim, para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho científico, pretende-se esclarecer os mecanismos de proteção para as crianças e adolescentes previstos no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Busca-se evidenciar se há previsão normativa específica para a proteção das crianças e adolescentes em situação de rua e, ainda, evidenciar os direitos fundamentais preteridos nessa situação. Pretende-se expor os motivos pelos quais as crianças e adolescentes procuram as ruas, bem como investigar a existência e extensão das políticas públicas existentes para enfretamento do tema. Pretende-se esclarecer os mecanismos de proteção para as crianças e adolescentes previstos no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

A responsabilidade civil dos fornecedores de alimentos transgênicos

O presente trabalho tem por escopo a análise da doutrina a respeito da responsabilidade civil dos fornecedores de alimentos transgênicos. A pesquisa permitiu aferir que os fornecedores diretos ou indiretos de alimentos que contenham substâncias transgênicas devem ser responsabilizados por eventuais danos que venham causar aos consumidores. A responsabilidade decorre de imposição legal e moral, pois assumem um risco ao fornecer tais alimentos. Sua atividade lucrativa não pode trazer prejuízos ao público alvo, especialmente no que diz respeito à saúde

Comportamentos de saúde de pessoas hipertensas: modelo de crenças em saúde

El objetivo fue conocer el estilo de vida de hipertensos, centrándose en sus conductas de salud a la luz del Modelo de Creencias en Salud. Estudio transversal, descriptivo, con 133 pacientes mayores de 18 años, registrados en Sistema de Gestión Clínica de Hipertensión y Diabetes Mellitus en Atención Primaria y asistidos en cinco centros de salud de Fortaleza, CE, Brasil, elegido en forma aleatoria y probabilística. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de entrevista estructurada que se basa en el Modelo de Creencias en Salud, de marzo a diciembre de 2013. Los participantes percibían la gravedad de la enfermedad y se sentían propensos a desarrollar complicaciones de la hipertensión. Informaron que recibían tratamiento correctamente, sin embargo, los valores de la presión arterial, índice cintura - cadera e índice de masa corporal fueron altos. Es necesario que profesionales de la salud implementen estrategias de conductas de salud saludables de hipertensos en tratamiento

Health behaviors of people with hypertension: health belief model

This study aimed to identify the lifestyle of hypertensive patients, focusing on their health behaviors in light of the Health Belief Model. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample of 133 patients over 18 years old, with hypertension, registered in the Clinical Management System for Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Care, and monitored in five health centers in Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, chosen randomly and probabilistically. Data collection happened through a structured interview that was designed based on the Health Belief Model, from March to December 2013. Participants perceived the disease’s severity and felt susceptible to develop complications from hypertension. They reported receiving treatment correctly; however, the values ​​of blood pressure, waist-hip ratio, and body mass index were high. Thus, it is necessary that health professionals implement strategies that favor hypertensive patients who are undergoing treatment to have healthy behavior.\u

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora