Comparison of pain intensity during inferior alveolar nerve block

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study was developed to investigate anesthesia-related discomfort during dental procedures. This procedure often generates major anxiety, which increases pain. Fear of injection has been reported as a determining factor for not looking for dental treatment. This study aimed at comparing the level of pain during perforation, penetration and anesthetic solution deposition during inferior alveolar block by the Direct and Vazirani-Akinosi techniques. METHODS: Randomized, crossover, double-blind clinical trial involving 30 patients seen by the Dentistry Department of the Federal University of Sergipe (DOD-UFS) who needed dental treatment and were submitted to bilateral inferior alveolar nerve block. Patients were asked about pain intensity during the following stages: perforation, penetration and local anesthetic deposition. Pain intensity was measured by the 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS), without predefined marks. Data were tabulated and submitted to statistical Friedman and Wilcoxon tests with statistical significance of 5%. RESULTS: Data have not shown statistically significant differences (Wilcoxon, p &gt; 0.05) between VAS values of both anesthetic techniques in all operatory moments. For both techniques, penetration-induced pain was higher (Friedman, p < 0.05) as compared to pain induced by the two other operatory moments, being the absolute majority for both techniques classified as mild pain. CONCLUSION: Vazirani-Akinosi and Direct techniques had levels of pain sensitivity characterized as mild during the three anesthetic stages, being the second stage, penetration, the most painful as compared to remaining stages.Este estudo foi idealizado para investigar o desconforto dos procedimentos odontológicos associados à anestesia. Este procedimento frequentemente gera uma grande ansiedade, o que aumenta a dor. O medo da injeção tem sido relatado como sendo um fator determinante à não procura do tratamento dental. O presente estudo teve como objetivo comparar o nível de dor na perfuração, penetração e deposição da solução anestésica no bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior nas Técnicas Direta e Vazirani-Akinosi. Estudo clínico randomizado, cruzado e duplamente encoberto envolvendo 30 pacientes atendidos no Departamento de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (DOD-UFS) que necessitaram de tratamento odontológico e que se submeteram a bloqueio bilateral do nervo alveolar inferior. Estes foram interrogados a respeito da intensidade de dor durante as seguintes etapas: perfuração, penetração e deposição do anestésico local. A mensuração da intensidade dolorosa foi realizada através da escala analógica visual (EAV) com comprimento de 10 cm, sem a existência de marcações pré-definidas. Os dados obtidos foram tabulados e submetidos aos testes estatísticos de Friedman e Wilcoxon com índice de significância estatística de 5%. A análise dos dados revelou que não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes (Wilcoxon, p &gt; 0,05) entre os valores de EAV das duas técnicas anestésicas em nenhum dos momentos operatórios. Para ambas as técnicas, a dor induzida pela penetração foi maior (Friedman, p < 0,05) do que a dor induzida nos dois outros momentos operatórios, sendo a maioria absoluta, nas duas técnicas, classificadas como dor leve. As técnicas de Vazirani-Akinosi e Direta apresentaram níveis de sensibilidade álgica caracterizada como leve nos três estágios da anestesia, sendo o segundo estágio, a penetração, o mais doloroso se comparado com os demais143165168This study was developed to investigate anesthesia-related discomfort during dental procedures. This procedure often generates major anxiety, which increases pain. Fear of injection has been reported as a determining factor for not looking for dental treatment. This study aimed at comparing the level of pain during perforation, penetration and anesthetic solution deposition during inferior alveolar block by the Direct and Vazirani-Akinosi techniques. Randomized, crossover, double-blind clinical trial involving 30 patients seen by the Dentistry Department of the Federal University of Sergipe (DOD-UFS) who needed dental treatment and were submitted to bilateral inferior alveolar nerve block. Patients were asked about pain intensity during the following stages: perforation, penetration and local anesthetic deposition. Pain intensity was measured by the 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS), without predefined marks. Data were tabulated and submitted to statistical Friedman and Wilcoxon tests with statistical significance of 5%. Data have not shown statistically significant differences (Wilcoxon, p &gt; 0.05) between VAS values of both anesthetic techniques in all operatory moments. For both techniques, penetration-induced pain was higher (Friedman, p < 0.05) as compared to pain induced by the two other operatory moments, being the absolute majority for both techniques classified as mild pain. Vazirani-Akinosi and Direct techniques had levels of pain sensitivity characterized as mild during the three anesthetic stages, being the second stage, penetration, the most painful as compared to remaining stage

Effects of passiflora incarnata and midazolam for control of anxiety in patients undergoing dental extraction

Anxiety symptoms are frequently observed in dental patients, whether they are undergoing simple or more invasive procedures such as surgery. This research aimed to compare the effects of Passiflora incarnata and midazolam for the control of anxiety in patients undergoing mandibular third molar extraction. Forty volunteers underwent bilateral extraction of their mandibular third molars in a randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover clinical trial. Passiflora incarnata (260 mg) or midazolam (15 mg) were orally administered 30 minutes before surgery. The anxiety level of participants was evaluated by questionnaires and measurement of physical parameters, including heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and oxygen saturation (SpO2). Considering each procedure independently, there were no significant differences between the protocols in BP, HR, and SpO2. Over 70% of the volunteers responded that they felt quiet or a little anxious under both protocols. With midazolam, 20% of the participants reported amnesia (not remembering anything at all), while Passiflora showed little or no ability to interfere with memory formation. Passiflora incarnata showed an anxiolytic effect similar to midazolam, and was safe and effective for conscious sedation in adult patients who underwent extraction of their mandibular third molars

Anesthetic effectiveness evaluation of Morpheus® through intrasseptal technical CaZOE in pulpotomy of deciduous teeth : pilot study

Introdução: o medo de sentir dor é um dos principais motivos pelos quais muitos pacientes evitam submeter-se a tratamento dentário, principalmente as crianças. Em vários procedimentos odontopediátricos, o uso de anestésicos locais se faz necessário. O aparelho Morpheus® se propõe a uma introdução da agulha sem dor e anestesia satisfatória com uso de menor volume de anestésico local. Associando-o à técnica CaZOE, o paciente perceberia a pressão antes da dor, podendo assim evitá-la. Objetivo: avaliar a eficácia anestésica do Morpheus® através da técnica intrasseptal CaZOE na pulpotomia de molares inferiores decíduos. Material e método Dezenove voluntários foram selecionados de acordo com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. O procedimento foi realizado em sessão única, utilizando 0,9 mL de Articaína 4% com epinefrina 1:100.000, através da técnica anestésica CaZOE, empregando o injetor de anestésicos Morpheus®. Esta foi realizada por um único operador, não envolvido na avaliação dos parâmetros da anestesia, e seguiu as recomendações do fabricante. Para a análise dos dados, foi realizada estatística descritiva. Resultado: dos 19 voluntários, 63% foram do sexo feminino e 37%, do masculino. Em pouco mais da metade da amostra (63%), houve sucesso na realização do procedimento. Os casos de insucesso (37%) ocorreram durante a abertura coronária e a amputação da polpa. Conclusão: a eficácia anestésica do Morpheus® através da técnica intrasseptal CaZOE na pulpotomia de molares inferiores decíduos foi constatada em 63% da amostra. Para que possa ser comprovada a eficácia desse sistema, são necessários mais estudos.Introduction: the fear of pain is one of the main reasons why many patients avoid dental treatment, especially children. In several pediatric dentistry procedures, the use of local anesthetic is necessary. Morpheus® system proposes an insertion of the needle painlessly and satisfactory anesthesia with lower volume of local anesthetic. With the CaZOE technique, the patient realizes the pressure before the pain, thus being able to avoid it. Objective: to evaluate the anesthetic efficacy of Morpheus® through intrasseptal technical CaZOE in pulpotomy of mandibular’s primary molars. Material and method: nineteen volunteers were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study was conducted in a single session using 0.9 mL of Articaine 4% with epinephrine 1: 100,000 through anesthetic CaZOE technique, using the Morpheus®. This was carried out by a single operator not involved in the evaluation of anesthesia parameters and followed the manufacturer's recommendations. For data analysis, descriptive statistics was performed. Result: of the 19 volunteers, 63% were female and 37% male. In just over half of the sample (63%), was successful in performing the procedure. Cases of failure (37%) occurred during coronary opening and removal of pulp. Conclusion: the efficacy of Morpheus® through intrasseptal technical CaZOE in pulpotomy of mandibular’s primary molars was noted in 63% of the sample. Further studies should be carried out to prove this efficacy

Effect of Erythrina mulungu on anxiety during extraction of third molars

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Erythrina mulungu on the control of dental anxiety in patients who had under gone bilateral extraction of asymptomatic, impacted mandibular third molars. Material and Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, crossover study, 30 healthy volunteers (5 men and 25 wom - en, over 18 years of age), received either 500mg of E.mulungu (Mulungu Matusa®) or 500 mg of placebo, p.o., one hour before surgical procedure. The level ofanxiety was assessed through questionnaire sand physical parameters, such as blood pressure, heart rate andoxygen saturation. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test, ANOVA (Tukey test) and Friedman with significance level of 5%. Results: A higher preference (Chi-square, p = 0.0062) for E. mulungu was observed for both genders. Volunteers with higher anxiety levels tended to to prefer E. mulungu . No statistically significant differences were verified in blood pressure (one-way ANOVA, p = 0.1259), heart rate (Friedman, p > 0.05) and oxygen saturation (Friedman, p = 0.7664) among periods and types of treatments. Conclusions: E. mulungu showed an anxiolytic effect without significant changes in physiological parameters. It could be considered as an alternative to control the anxiety in adult patients undergoing mandibular thirdmolars su rger

Removal of an Upper Third Molar from the Maxillary Sinus

The maxillary sinus or antrum is the largest of the paranasal sinuses. It is located in the maxillary bone and has a proximity to the apexes of upper molars and premolars, which allows it to form a direct link between the sinus and the oral cavity. Dislocation of a foreign body or tooth to the interior of a paranasal sinus is a situation that can occur as a result of car accidents, firearm attacks, or iatrogenic in surgical procedures. Therefore, it is necessary to know how to treat this kind of situation. This study’s objective is to report the case of a 23-year-old female patient, leucoderma, who sought treatment from the Surgical Unit at the Dental Faculty of the Federal University of Sergipe. She had a history of pain and edema in the right side of the genian region and two failed attempts at removing dental unit (DU) 18. The extraoral clinical exam revealed intense edema of the left hemiface with signs of infection, excoriation of the labial commissure, hematoma, a body temperature of 39°C, and a limited ability to open her mouth. The patient was medicated and treated surgically. The tooth was removed from the maxillary sinus with caution, as should have been done initially

Relationship between the presence of clefts of cholesterol crystals in periapical lesion and serum cholesterol level

INTRODUCTION: A chronic infection in periapical tissue can trigger a periapical lesion due to stimulation and proliferation of epithelial rests of Malassez. On microscopic study, it is possible to detect the presence of clefts of cholesterol crystals within cysts and granulomas. According to some studies, the source of cholesterol inside the periapice lesions may be partially due to the condensation and crystallization of cholesterol in the cyst wall. Yet another part, can be derived metabolic products local or vascular circulation. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the clefts of cholesterol crystals found in periapical lesions and cholesterol levels in the blood circulation. MATERIAL AND METHOD: An observational study of a descriptive nature that included 70 patients with periapical lesions (according to radiographic examination) at the Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe. These patients underwent extraction of the affected tooth unit and removal of the periapical lesion, and this number sent for pathological examination. At the same query was asked a lipid profile to assess rates of serum cholesterol of patients. RESULT: Clefts of cholesterol crystals were present only in cysts (larger than 1.5 cm in diameter, approximately), and therefore older. CONCLUSION: The presence of cholesterol crystals is rare in periapical lesions. The study suggests a relationship between the presence of cholesterol crystals and the rate of cholesterol serum levels in large and old injuries.Uma infecção crônica nos tecidos periapicais pode desencadear uma lesão periapical em função da estimulação e da proliferação dos restos epiteliais de Malassez. Ao estudo microscópico, é possível detectar a presença de fendas de cristais de colesterol no interior de cistos e granulomas. De acordo com alguns estudos, a origem do colesterol no interior de lesões no periápice pode ser, parcialmente, por causa da condensação e da cristalização de colesterol dentro da parede do cisto. Outros estudos afirmam que a presença de colesterol pode ser derivada de produtos metabólicos locais ou da circulação vascular. O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar a relação entre as fendas de cristais de colesterol encontradas nas lesões periapicais e os níveis de colesterol sérico. Estudo observacional de natureza descritiva, que incluiu 70 pacientes portadores de lesões periapicais, de acordo com exame radiográfico, atendidos no Departamento de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Esses pacientes foram submetidos à exodontia da unidade dentária acometida e à remoção da lesão periapical, sendo esta peça encaminhada para exame anatomopatológico. Na mesma consulta, era solicitado um lipidograma para avaliação das taxas de colesterol sérico dos pacientes. Fendas de cristais de colesterol estavam presentes apenas em cistos grandes (maiores que 1,5 cm de diâmetro, aproximadamente) e, portanto, mais antigos. A presença de cristais de colesterol é rara nas lesões periapicais. O estudo sugere uma relação entre a presença dos cristais de colesterol e o índice de colesterol sérico elevado, em lesões grandes e antigas4229498A chronic infection in periapical tissue can trigger a periapical lesion due to stimulation and proliferation of epithelial rests of Malassez. On microscopic study, it is possible to detect the presence of clefts of cholesterol crystals within cysts and granulomas. According to some studies, the source of cholesterol inside the periapice lesions may be partially due to the condensation and crystallization of cholesterol in the cyst wall. Yet another part, can be derived metabolic products local or vascular circulation. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the clefts of cholesterol crystals found in periapical lesions and cholesterol levels in the blood circulation. An observational study of a descriptive nature that included 70 patients with periapical lesions (according to radiographic examination) at the Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe. These patients underwent extraction of the affected tooth unit and removal of the periapical lesion, and this number sent for pathological examination. At the same query was asked a lipid profile to assess rates of serum cholesterol of patients. Clefts of cholesterol crystals were present only in cysts (larger than 1.5 cm in diameter, approximately), and therefore older. The presence of cholesterol crystals is rare in periapical lesions. The study suggests a relationship between the presence of cholesterol crystals and the rate of cholesterol serum levels in large and old injurie

Comparison Of Pain Level In The Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Through Two Different Techniques

O bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior está entre as anestesias mais utilizadas e importantes da Odontologia; porém, não há estudos que comparem a anestesia eletrônica (Morpheus) e a anestesia tradicional manual, utilizando a seringa Carpule. Objetivo Avaliar comparativamente dois sistemas de anestesia com relação à sensibilidade dolorosa durante e após a anestesia, com a administração de lidocaína 2% associada à epinefrina 1:100.000, na técnica anestésica para o nervo alveolar inferior. Material e método Este ensaio clínico foi executado de modo randomizado, cruzado e duplamente cego, envolvendo 30 voluntários, que necessitavam de tratamento odontológico e que se submeteram ao bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior, utilizando a seringa tipo Carpule na primeira sessão e o injetor de velocidade controlada Morpheus, o qual foi realizado em duas sessões, com intervalo de pelo menos duas semanas entre cada sessão. Ao final de cada sessão, foi aplicada a Escala Visual Analógica (EAV), para avaliação da sensibilidade dolorosa à injeção. Resultado A comparação entre os métodos revelou que o convencional mostrou induzir maiores valores na EAV do que o Morpheus. O teste do Qui-Quadrado, para proporções esperadas iguais, mostrou que a técnica com Morpheus obteve maior (p=0,0062) preferência do que a convencional. Conclusão No conjunto, os dados revelam que a técnica empregando o Morpheus foi superior à convencional nos três momentos. A execução da anestesia realizada com Morpheus mostrou ser mais confortável e ter aceitação e maior preferência dos voluntários.45632232

Assessment of anesthetic properties and pain during needleless jet injection anesthesia: a randomized clinical trial

Pain due to administration of local anesthetics is the primary reason for patients’ fear and anxiety, and various methods are used to minimize it. This study aimed to measure the degree of pain during administration of anesthesia and determine the latency time and duration of pulpal anesthesia using two anesthetic methods in the maxilla. Materials and Methods: A randomized, single-blind, split-mouth clinical trial was conducted with 41 volunteers who required class I restorations in the maxillary first molars. Local anesthesia was administered with a needleless jet injection system (experimental group) or with a carpule syringe (control) using a 30-gauge short needle. The method of anesthesia and laterality of the maxilla were randomized. A pulp electric tester measured the latency time and duration of anesthesia in the second molar. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to measure the degree of pain during the anesthetic method. Data were tabulated and then analyzed by a statistician. The t-test was used to analyze the differences between the groups for basal electrical stimulation. Duration of anesthesia and degree of pain were compared using the Mann-Whitney test. A 5% significance level was considered. Results: There was no statistical difference in the basal electrical stimulation threshold (mA) and degree of pain between the two methods of anesthesia (p&gt;0.05). Latency time was 2 minutes for all subjects. The duration of pulpal anesthesia showed no statistical difference (minutes) between the two methods (p&lt;0.001), with a longer duration for the traditional method of anesthesia (median of 40 minutes). Conclusions: The two anesthetics methods did not differ concerning the pain experienced during anesthesia. Latency lasted 2 minutes for all subjects; the traditional infiltration anesthesia resulted in a longer anesthetic duration compared with the needleless jet injection

Comparison between lysine and paracetamol for post tooth extraction pain control

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Tooth extraction is practiced since the early days of mankind to surgically solve dental problems. However, as any surgical procedure, it promotes an inflammatory reaction with clinical presentation of pain. Several drugs have been used to minimize postoperative discomfort; however there is still no established protocol for its control. This study aimed at evaluating the analgesic effect of lysine and paracetamol to control post tooth extraction pain. METHOD: Double blind randomized study with 40 patients seen by the Surgical Outpatient Setting I, Dentistry Department, Federal University of Sergipe (DOD/UFS), who needed alveolar extractions in different hemiarcades using lysine (125 mg) three times a day or paracetamol (750 mg) four times a day, both during three postoperative days. Pain was evaluated at 24 and 48 hours with the visual analog scale. Data were submitted to Student's t and Friedman statistical tests. RESULTS: There have been no statistically significant differences in age, gender and pain intensity. CONCLUSION: Both lysine and paracetamol were effective to control post tooth extraction pain.A exodontia é praticada desde os primórdios da humanidade como forma de resolver cirurgicamente os problemas dentários. Porém, como todo procedimento cirúrgico, ela promove um processo inflamatório reacional que se apresenta clinicamente com dor. Muitos fármacos têm sido usados no intuito de minimizar o desconforto pós-operatório, porém um protocolo para o seu controle ainda não está estabelecido. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito analgésico do clonixinato de lisina e paracetamol no controle de dor pós-exodontia. Estudo duplamente encoberto e randomizado com 40 pacientes atendidos no Ambulatório de Cirurgia I no Departamento de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (DOD/UFS) que necessitaram de extrações por via alveolar em hemiarcadas diferentes utilizando clonixinato de lisina (125 mg) três vezes ao dia ou paracetamol (750 mg) quatro vezes ao dia, ambos por três dias no pós-operatório. A dor foi avaliada nas primeiras 24 e 48h com o uso da escala analógica visual. Os dados foram submetidos aos testes estatísticos t de Student e de Friedman. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre idade, em relação aos gêneros e em relação à intensidade da dor. Tanto o clonixinato de lisina como o paracetamol foi eficaz para o controle da dor pós-exodontia134356359Tooth extraction is practiced since the early days of mankind to surgically solve dental problems. However, as any surgical procedure, it promotes an inflammatory reaction with clinical presentation of pain. Several drugs have been used to minimize postoperative discomfort; however there is still no established protocol for its control. This study aimed at evaluating the analgesic effect of lysine and paracetamol to control post tooth extraction pain. Double blind randomized study with 40 patients seen by the Surgical Outpatient Setting I, Dentistry Department, Federal University of Sergipe (DOD/UFS), who needed alveolar extractions in different hemiarcades using lysine (125 mg) three times a day or paracetamol (750 mg) four times a day, both during three postoperative days. Pain was evaluated at 24 and 48 hours with the visual analog scale. Data were submitted to Student's t and Friedman statistical tests. There have been no statistically significant differences in age, gender and pain intensity. Both lysine and paracetamol were effective to control post tooth extraction pai

POLIDOCANOL A 1% COMO OPÇÃO AO TRATAMENTO CIRÚRGICO DOS HEMANGIOMAS ORAIS: RELATO DE CASOS CLÍNICOS

Hemangioma is a common benign neoplasm in the head and neck region, and its persistence after the age of nine is relatively rare. Sclerosing treatment is an effective, conservative, minimally invasive technique, which results in the elimination of aesthetic and functional changes in the injured area, without involving the risks of hemorrhage found in surgical treatment, in addition to providing resolution in a short time. One of the sclerosing agents used for many years in the treatment of hemangioma and varicose veins is polidocanol. The use of this sclerosant has advantages such as an additional anesthetic effect in the absence of pain during intravascular injection, a high level of efficacy and safety and a very low occurrence rate of allergic reactions. Considering the usefulness of this substance, its numerous practical applications in the medical field and its little widespread use in the dental world, this study aims to evaluate the biological response of 1% polidocanol in hemangiomas, located in the oral mucosa.O hemangioma é uma neoplasia benigna comum na região de cabeça e pescoço, e sua persistência depois dos nove anos de idade é relativamente rara. O tratamento esclerosante é uma técnica efetiva, conservadora, pouco invasiva, que resulta na eliminação de alterações estéticas e funcionais da área lesada, não envolvendo os riscos de hemorragia encontrados no tratamento cirúrgico, além de apresentar resolutividade em tempo curto. Um dos agentes esclerosantes utilizados durante muitos anos no tratamento de hemangioma e veias varicosas é o polidocanol. O uso deste esclerosante possui vantagens como o efeito anestésico adicional na ausência de dor na injeção intravascular, um alto nível de eficácia e segurança e uma taxa de ocorrência muito baixa de reações alérgicas. Tendo em vista a utilidade desta substância, suas numerosas aplicações práticas no campo médico e seu uso pouco difundido no meio odontológico, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a resposta biológica do polidocanol a 1% em hemangiomas, com localização na mucosa bucal