Ценологическая модель регулирования международных миграционных потоков в региональной предпринимательской системе

The article suggests a model for determining the needs of a regional business system in migrants and assessing the impact of international migration on the sustainability and development of a regional business system based on the cenological approach. The authors conducted a study of the business system of the Kamchatka Region – a region with high migration activity. Methodology. Data on the revenue of 100 enterprises was the empirical base for this research. The availability of these data was the only criterion for this sample. Results and applications. The cenological model for assessing the impact of migration on stability of the regional business system described in this article allows to predict the need for the number of migrants, including by industry. The research has proved that the regional business system of the Kamchatka Region is part of a cenological system, and revealed that the increasing of small enterprises number and filling the gap in the labor market with migrants is necessary for building an optimal regional entrepreneurial system. Limitations and conclusion. However, this model does not consider such factors as age, gender, level of qualifications and migrants’ education. Therefore, further research in this direction will be a significant contribution to the field of scientific knowledge and migration management of states and regions. The model may improve the forecasting efficiency of the need for foreign labor and improve regional migration policy.El artículo sugiere un modelo para determinar las necesidades de un sistema de negocios regional en migrantes y evaluar el impacto de la migración internacional en la sostenibilidad y el desarrollo de un sistema de negocios regional basado en el enfoque cenológico. Los autores realizaron un estudio del sistema de negocios de la región de Kamchatka, una región con una alta actividad migratoria. Metodología. Los datos sobre los ingresos de 100 empresas fueron la base empírica para esta investigación. La disponibilidad de estos datos fue el único criterio para esta muestra. Resultados y aplicaciones. El modelo cenológico para evaluar el impacto de la migración en la estabilidad del sistema comercial regional descrito en este artículo permite predecir la necesidad del número de migrantes, incluso por industria. La investigación ha demostrado que el sistema comercial regional de la región de Kamchatka es parte de un sistema cenológico, y reveló que el aumento del número de pequeñas empresas y la brecha en el mercado laboral con migrantes es necesario para construir un sistema empresarial regional óptimo. Limitaciones y conclusión. Sin embargo, este modelo no considera factores como la edad, el género, el nivel de calificaciones y la educación de los migrantes. Por lo tanto, una mayor investigación en esta dirección será una contribución significativa al campo del conocimiento científico y la gestión de la migración de los estados y regiones. El modelo puede mejorar la eficiencia del pronóstico de la necesidad de mano de obra extranjera y mejorar la política de migración regional.Авторы предлагают модель оценки влияния международной миграции на устойчивость и развитие предпринимательской системы региона на основе ценологического подхода. Гипотеза: региональная предпринимательская система относится к экономическому ценозу. Методология. Эмпирическая база - данные о выручке 100 предприятий Камчатского края сое к я Единственный критерий выборки - доступность этих данных в сети интернет, которая в открытом доступе содержит данные финансовых отчетов предприятий, представленных службе статистики. Результаты и практическая значимость. Модель позволяет определить потребности региональной предпринимательской системы в мигрантах, что позволит повысить эффективность прогнозирования потребности в иностранной рабочей силе в рамках региональной миграционной политики. Доказано, что предпринимательская система Камчатского края относится к састеме ценологического типа. Такие свойства ценозов, как структурно-топологическая динамика, непрерывное воспроизводство и самоорганизация позволяют исследовать устойчивость и развитие структур ценологического типа. В качестве фактора, влияющего на стабильность предпринимательская v. Per. Произведены расчеты posts оценке влияния международной трудовой миграции на устойчивость предпринимательская система Камчатского края, которые позволят улучшить структуру данной предпринимательской системы и повысить ее устойчивость. Выявлено, что для формирования оптимальной региональной предпринимательская система необходимо увеличить количество малых предприятий и недостающую потребность в рабочей силе восполнить за счет мигрантов. Ценологическая модель оценки влияния миграции на устойчивость региональной предпринимательская система, описанная в данной статье, позволяет прогнозировать потребность в количестве мигрантов, в том числе в отраслевом разрезе. Ограничения и выводы. В то же время, модель не учитывает такие факторы, как возраст пол а а Поэтому считаем, что дальнейшие исследования в данном направлении станут существенным вкладом в область научных знаний и управление миграционными потоками государств и регионов. уровень квалификации и образования мигрантов. Поэтому считаем, что дальнейшие исследования в данном направлении станут существенным вкладом в область научных знаний и управление миграционными потоками государств и регионов. уровень квалификации и образования мигрантов. Поэтому считаем, что дальнейшие исследования в данном направлении станут существенным вкладом в область научных знаний и управление миграционными потоками государств и регионов

DNA as a universal substrate for chemical kinetics

Molecular programming aims to systematically engineer molecular and chemical systems of autonomous function and ever-increasing complexity. A key goal is to develop embedded control circuitry within a chemical system to direct molecular events. Here we show that systems of DNA molecules can be constructed that closely approximate the dynamic behavior of arbitrary systems of coupled chemical reactions. By using strand displacement reactions as a primitive, we construct reaction cascades with effectively unimolecular and bimolecular kinetics. Our construction allows individual reactions to be coupled in arbitrary ways such that reactants can participate in multiple reactions simultaneously, reproducing the desired dynamical properties. Thus arbitrary systems of chemical equations can be compiled into real chemical systems. We illustrate our method on the Lotka–Volterra oscillator, a limit-cycle oscillator, a chaotic system, and systems implementing feedback digital logic and algorithmic behavior

Synthetic Physiology

Optogenetic tools are DNA-encoded molecules that, when genetically targeted to cells, enable the control of specific physiological processes within those cells through exposure to light. These tools can pinpoint how these specific processes affect the emergent properties of a complex biological system, such as a mammalian organ or even an entire animal. They can also allow control of a biological system for therapeutic or bioengineering purposes. Many of the optical control tools explored to date are single-component reagents containing a photoactive signaling domain. An interesting question is raised by comparing optogenetics to synthetic biology. In the latter, interchangeable and modular DNA-encoded parts are assembled into complex biological circuits, thus enabling sophisticated logic and computation as well as the production of biologics and reagents (1, 2). Is it possible to devise strategies for the temporally precise cell-targeted optical control of complex engineered biological computational or chemical-synthetic pathways? Such a marriage of optogenetics and synthetic biology—which one might call synthetic physiology—would open up the ability to use optogenetics to trigger and regulate engineered synthetic biology systems, which in turn could execute computational and biological programs of great complexity (3). On page 1565 of this issue, Ye et al. (4) explore such a hybrid approach to controlling a biological system, as well as the bioengineering and preclinical capabilities opened up by such an approach

A Synthetic Genetic Edge Detection Program

SummaryEdge detection is a signal processing algorithm common in artificial intelligence and image recognition programs. We have constructed a genetically encoded edge detection algorithm that programs an isogenic community of E. coli to sense an image of light, communicate to identify the light-dark edges, and visually present the result of the computation. The algorithm is implemented using multiple genetic circuits. An engineered light sensor enables cells to distinguish between light and dark regions. In the dark, cells produce a diffusible chemical signal that diffuses into light regions. Genetic logic gates are used so that only cells that sense light and the diffusible signal produce a positive output. A mathematical model constructed from first principles and parameterized with experimental measurements of the component circuits predicts the performance of the complete program. Quantitatively accurate models will facilitate the engineering of more complex biological behaviors and inform bottom-up studies of natural genetic regulatory networks

Assembly of BioBrick standard biological parts using three antibiotic assembly

This is a revised personal version of the text of the final journal article available via DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-385120-8.00013-9An underlying goal of synthetic biology is to make the process of engineering biological systems easier and more reliable. In support of this goal, we developed BioBrick assembly standard 10 to enable the construction of systems from standardized genetic parts. The BioBrick standard underpins the distributed efforts by the synthetic biology research community to develop a collection of more than 6000 standard genetic parts available from the Registry of Standard Biological Parts. Here, we describe the three antibiotic assembly method for physical composition of BioBrick parts and provide step-by-step protocols. The method relies on a combination of positive and negative selection to eliminate time- and labor-intensive steps such as column cleanup and agarose gel purification of DNA during part assembly

Green-light-induced inactivation of receptor signaling using cobalamin-binding domains

Optogenetics and photopharmacology provide spatiotemporally precise control over protein interactions and protein function in cells and animals. Optogenetic methods that are sensitive to green light and can be used to break protein complexes are not broadly available but would enable multichromatic experiments with previously inaccessible biological targets. Herein, we repurposed cobalamin (vitamin B12) binding domains of bacterial CarH transcription factors for green-light-induced receptor dissociation. In cultured cells, we observed oligomerization-induced cell signaling for the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 fused to cobalamin-binding domains in the dark that was rapidly eliminated upon illumination. In zebrafish embryos expressing fusion receptors, green light endowed control over aberrant fibroblast growth factor signaling during development. Green-light-induced domain dissociation and light-inactivated receptors will critically expand the optogenetic toolbox for control of biological processes

Fabrication of ZnO/Cu2O heterojunctions in atmospheric conditions: Improved interface quality and solar cell performance

Zn1−xMgxO/Cu2O heterojunctions were successfully fabricated in open-air at low temperatures via atmospheric atomic layer deposition of Zn1−xMgxO on thermally oxidized cuprous oxide. Solar cells employing these heterojunctions demonstrated a power conversion efficiency exceeding 2.2% and an open-circuit voltage of 0.65V. Surface oxidation of Cu2O to CuO prior to and during Zn1−xMgxO deposition was identified as the limiting factor to obtaining a high quality heterojunction interface. Optimization of deposition conditions to minimize Cu2O surface oxidation led to improved device performance, tripling the open-circuit voltage and doubling the short-circuit current density. These values are the highest reported for a ZnO/Cu2O interface formed in air, and highlight atmospheric ALD as a promising technique for inexpensive and scalable fabrication of ZnO/Cu2O heterojunctions.Cuprous oxideSpatial atmospheric ALDZnO/Cu2O heterojunctionInorganic solar cel