Removal of Radionuclides from Fukushima Daiichi Waste Effluents

This paper describes the processes used at the Fukushima Daiichi plant, Japan, to purify the waste effluents generated in the cooling of damaged reactors. These include primary cesium removal with the Kurion zeolite system and the SARRY system utilizing silicotitanate to remove radiocesium from water recirculated to reactors for cooling. Another process is the ALPS system to purify the retentates of the reverse osmosis plant to further purify the water from radionuclides after primary cesium separation. In ALPS, a major role is played by the transition metal hexacyanoferrate product CsTreat and sodium titanate SrTreat in the removal of radiocesium and radiostrontium, respectively. The performance of these four exchangers (zeolite, silicotitanate, hexacyanoferrate, and sodium titanate) is critically analyzed with respect to processing capacities and the decontamination factors obtained in the processes. Furthermore, general information on preparation, structure and ion exchange of these ion-exchanger categories is given with additional information on their use in nuclear waste effluent treatment processes. Finally, the importance of selectivity and associated factors are discussed.Peer reviewe

Organizational Change and Employee Concerns in the Finnish Defence Forces

The Finnish Defence Forces (FDF) have, in accordance with other public sector organizations in the Nordic countries, undergone many change processes in this millennium. Changes in the FDF have been related to government savings and more recently the fluctuating security environment. The purpose of the study is to show how these change processes have meant somewhat different things to men and women in the FDF, and these differences have an intersectional character. In order to explain, how potent experienced changes are in explaining the concerns of the personnel, and how they possibly interact with gender, age and personnel group, we analyzed survey data by using logistic regression. The survey was addressed to all salaried personnel of the FDF in 2015. The analysis showed that the logic of the examined, personally experienced, organizational changes deepened divisions produced by civil/military and gender hierarchies

Analysis of anabolic steroids in urine by gas chromatography-microchip atmospheric pressure photoionization-mass spectrometry with chlorobenzene as dopant

Corrigendum to J. Chromatogr. A 1312 (2013), p. 111-117: Support by one project was inadvertently not mentioned in the Acknowledgements. The Acknowledgement should read:Funding from the Academy of Finland (projects 251575 and 257316) and the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation(project 1291/31/084) is acknowledged. L. Hintikka is grateful to the CHEMSEM graduate school for financial support. Dr. Ville Saarela isthanked for the design and fabrication of the microchips. J. Chromatogr. A 1448 (2016) p. 128.Peer reviewe

ARGUMENTOINTIA PAINOTTAVA LUONNONTIETEEN KOULUOPETUS – KATSAUS TAVOITTEISIIN

Tässä artikkelissa tarkastellaan argumentointia painottavan luonnontieteen kouluopetuksen tavoitteita kansainvälisen tutkimuskirjallisuuden pohjalta. Tarkasteluun valittiin 14 luonnontieteen kouluopetuksen kansainvälistä tutkimusartikkelia, joissa esiintyvät kuvaukset argumentoinnin tavoitteista luokiteltiin niissä esiintyvien teemojen perusteella. Tavoitekuvauksista erottui kolme pääteemaa: koulussa opetettavien luonnontieteiden autenttisuuden lisääminen, oppilaiden ajattelu- ja vuorovaikutustaitojen kehittymisen tukeminen sekä sisältötiedon osaamisen ja luonnontieteellisen sivistyksen syventäminen. Autenttisen kuvan välittäminen luonnontieteistä oppilaille näyttäytyi edellytyksenä muiden oppimistavoitteiden saavuttamiselle. Tavoitteiden tunnistaminen edesauttaa argumentoinnin painottamista suomalaisessa luonnontieteen opetuksessa.Tässä artikkelissa tarkastellaan argumentointia painottavan luonnontieteen kouluopetuksen tavoitteita kansainvälisen tutkimuskirjallisuuden pohjalta. Tarkasteluun valittiin 14 luonnontieteen kouluopetuksen kansainvälistä tutkimusartikkelia, joissa esiintyvät kuvaukset argumentoinnin tavoitteista luokiteltiin niissä esiintyvien teemojen perusteella. Tavoitekuvauksista erottui kolme pääteemaa: koulussa opetettavien luonnontieteiden autenttisuuden lisääminen, oppilaiden ajattelu- ja vuorovaikutustaitojen kehittymisen tukeminen sekä sisältötiedon osaamisen ja luonnontieteellisen sivistyksen syventäminen. Autenttisen kuvan välittäminen luonnontieteistä oppilaille näyttäytyi edellytyksenä muiden oppimistavoitteiden saavuttamiselle. Tavoitteiden tunnistaminen edesauttaa argumentoinnin painottamista suomalaisessa luonnontieteen opetuksessa

Naisten ja miesten eriarvoisen kohtelun syyt asepalveluksen koulutustoiminnassa

Vertaisarvioit

Organizational Change and Employee Concerns in the Finnish Defence Forces

The Finnish Defence Forces (FDF) have, in accordance with other public sector organizations in the Nordic countries, undergone many change processes in this millennium. Changes in the FDF have been related to government savings and more recently the fluctuating security environment. The purpose of the study is to show how these change processes have meant somewhat different things to men and women in the FDF, and these differences have an intersectional character. In order to explain, how potent experienced changes are in explaining the concerns of the personnel, and how they possibly interact with gender, age and personnel group, we analyzed survey data by using logistic regression. The survey was addressed to all salaried personnel of the FDF in 2015. The analysis showed that the logic of the examined, personally experienced, organizational changes deepened divisions produced by civil/military and gender hierarchies

Tulevaisuuden toimitusketju – vaikutuksia siviili- ja sotilaslogistiikkaan

The present study examines the implications of six trends in supply chain management (SCM) and logistics on civilian and military supply chains over the next two decades. The data was collected from a targeted sample of SCM/ logistics researchers and managers of the largest manufacturing, trading andlogistics firms in Finland in 2016–2017 and from logistics experts in the Finnish Defence Forces (FDF) in 2017. The respondents assessed six SCM trends by 2035: 1) globalisation of supply chains (SC); 2) digitalisation and automation of logistics processes; 3) dependence on electricity and IT systems; 4) hybridwarfare activities targeted at SCs; 5) resource scarcity/circular economy/sharing economy; and 6) building SC resilience. The results suggest that the export restrictions on military products and concerns on security of supply limit the possibilities of the FDF to fully benefit from the trends. The priorities and motives may also be different. Business SCs tend to be at the forefront of the development of new practices and technologies but mainly under normal circumstances. The FDF will need to ensure operations under emergencies meaning that some of the solutions are not applicable as such in the military context. Building up resilience will be equally important in the increasingly volatile environment. Ensuring the availability of qualified personnel will be a key challenge for both civilian and military organisations.</p

Tulevaisuuden toimitusketju – vaikutuksia siviili- ja sotilaslogistiikkaan

The present study examines the implications of six trends in supply chain management (SCM) and logistics on civilian and military supply chains over the next two decades. The data was collected from a targeted sample of SCM/ logistics researchers and managers of the largest manufacturing, trading and logistics firms in Finland in 2016–2017 and from logistics experts in the Finnish Defence Forces (FDF) in 2017. The respondents assessed six SCM trends by 2035: 1) globalisation of supply chains (SC); 2) digitalisation and automation of logistics processes; 3) dependence on electricity and IT systems; 4) hybrid warfare activities targeted at SCs; 5) resource scarcity/circular economy/ sharing economy; and 6) building SC resilience. The results suggest that the export restrictions on military products and concerns on security of supply limit the possibilities of the FDF to fully benefit from the trends. The priorities and motives may also be different. Business SCs tend to be at the forefront of the development of new practices and technologies but mainly under normal circumstances. The FDF will need to ensure operations under emergencies meaning that some of the solutions are not applicable as such in the military context. Building up resilience will be equally important in the increasingly volatile environment. Ensuring the availability of qualified personnel will be a key challenge for both civilian and military organisations