1,981 research outputs found
Control of recollision wave packets for molecular orbital tomography using short laser pulses
The tomographic imaging of arbitrary molecular orbitals via high-order
harmonic generation requires that electrons recollide from one direction only.
Within a semi-classical model, we show that extremely short phase-stabilized
laser pulses offer control over the momentum distribution of the returning
electrons. By adjusting the carrier-envelope phase, recollisions can be forced
to occur from mainly one side, while retaining a broad energy spectrum. The
signatures of the semi-classical distributions are observed in harmonic spectra
obtained by numerical solution of the time-dependent Schr\"{o}dinger equation.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures; v2: Added some extra clarifications; v3: minor
grammatical change
Semiclassical two-step model for ionization of hydrogen molecule by strong laser field
We extend the semiclassical two-step model for strong-field ionization that
describes quantum interference and accounts for the Coulomb potential beyond
the semiclassical perturbation theory to the hydrogen molecule. In the simplest
case of the molecule oriented along the polarization direction of a linearly
polarized laser field, we predict significant deviations of the two-dimensional
photoelectron momentum distributions and the energy spectra from the case of
atomic hydrogen. Specifically, for the hydrogen molecule the electron energy
spectrum falls off slower with increasing energy, and the holographic
interference fringes are more pronounced than for the hydrogen atom at the same
parameters of the laser pulse.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure
Strong-field approximation for harmonic generation in diatomic molecules
The generation of high-order harmonics in diatomic molecules is investigated
within the framework of the strong-field approximation. We show that the
conventional saddle-point approximation is not suitable for large internuclear
distances. An adapted saddle-point method that takes into account the molecular
structure is presented. We analyze the predictions for the harmonic-generation
spectra in both the velocity and the length gauge. At large internuclear
separations, we compare the resulting cutoffs with the predictions of the
simple-man's model. Good agreement is obtained only by using the adapted
saddle-point method combined with the velocity gauge.Comment: 24 pages, 7 figure
Ultrahigh harmonics from laser-assisted ion-atom collisions
We present a theoretical analysis of high-order harmonic generation from
ion-atom collisions in the presence of linearly polarized intense laser pulses.
Photons with frequencies significantly higher than in standard atomic
high-harmonic generation are emitted. These harmonics are due to two different
mechanisms: (i) collisional electron capture and subsequent laser-driven
transfer of an electron between projectile and target atom; (ii) reflection of
a laser-driven electron from the projectile leading to recombination at the
parent atom.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Positive Quantization in the Presence of a Variable Magnetic Field
Starting with a previously constructed family of coherent states, we
introduce the Berezin quantization for a particle in a variable magnetic field
and we show that it constitutes a strict quantization of a natural Poisson
algebra. The phase-space reinterpretation involves a magnetic version of the
Bargmann space and leads naturally to Berezin-Toeplitz operators.Comment: 15 page
Accurate retrieval of structural information from laser-induced photoelectron and high-harmonic spectra by few-cycle laser pulses
By analyzing ``exact'' theoretical results from solving the time-dependent
Schr\"odinger equation of atoms in few-cycle laser pulses, we established the
general conclusion that differential elastic scattering and photo-recombination
cross sections of the target ion with {\em free} electrons can be extracted
accurately from laser-generated high-energy electron momentum spectra and
high-order harmonic spectra, respectively. Since both electron scattering and
photoionization (the inverse of photo-recombination) are the conventional means
for interrogating the structure of atoms and molecules, this result shows that
existing few-cycle infrared lasers can be implemented for ultrafast imaging of
transient molecules with temporal resolution of a few femtoseconds.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
A calculus for magnetic pseudodifferential super operators
This work develops a magnetic pseudodifferential calculus for super operatorsOpA(F); these map operators onto operators (as opposed to Lp functions onto Lqfunctions). Here, F could be a tempered distribution or a H\"ormander symbol.An important example is Liouville super operators defined in terms of amagnetic pseudodifferential operator. Our work combines ideas from magneticWeyl calculus developed in [MP04, IMP07, Lei11] and the pseudodifferentialcalculus on the non-commutative torus from [HLP18a, HLP18b]. Thus, our calculusis inherently gauge-covariant, which means all essential properties of OpA(F)are determined by properties of the magnetic field B = dA rather than thevector potential A. There are conceptual differences to ordinary pseudodifferential theory. Forexample, in addition to an analog of the (magnetic) Weyl product that emulatesthe composition of two magnetic pseudodifferential super operators on the levelof functions, the so-called semi-super product describes the action of apseudodifferential super operator on a pseudodifferential operator.<br
On the recombination in high-order harmonic generation in molecules
We show that the dependence of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) on the
molecular orientation can be understood within a theoretical treatment that
does not involve the strong field of the laser. The results for H_2 show
excellent agreement with time-dependent strong field calculations for model
molecules, and this motivates a prediction for the orientation dependence of
HHG from the N_2 3s_g valence orbital. For both molecules, we find that the
polarization of recombination photons is influenced by the molecular
orientation. The variations are particularly pronounced for the N_2 valence
orbital, which can be explained by the presence of atomic p-orbitals.Comment: 6 pages 7 figure
Microeconometric evidence on demand-side real rigidity and implications for monetary non-neutrality
To model the observed slow response of aggregate real variables to nominal shocks, most macroeconomic models incorporate real rigidities in addition to nominal rigidities. One popular way of modelling such a real rigidity is to assume a non-constant demand elasticity. By using a homescan data set for three European countries, including prices and quantities bought for a large number of goods, in addition to consumer characteristics, we provide estimates of price elasticities of demand and on the degree of demand-side real rigidities. We find that price elasticities of demand are about 4 in the median. Furthermore, we find evidence for demand-side real rigidities. These are, however, much smaller than what is often assumed in macroeconomic models. The median estimate for demand-side real rigidity, the super-elasticity, is in a range between 1 and 2. To quantitatively assess the implications of our empirical estimates, we calibrate a menu-cost model with the estimated super-elasticity. We find that the degree of monetary non-neutrality doubles in the model including demand-side real rigidity, compared to the model with only nominal rigidity, suggesting a multiplier effect of around two. However, the model can explain only up to 6% of the monetary non-neutrality observed in the data, implying that additional multipliers are necessary to match the behavior of aggregate variables
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