19 research outputs found

    Global patient outcomes after elective surgery: prospective cohort study in 27 low-, middle- and high-income countries.

    Get PDF
    BACKGROUND: As global initiatives increase patient access to surgical treatments, there remains a need to understand the adverse effects of surgery and define appropriate levels of perioperative care. METHODS: We designed a prospective international 7-day cohort study of outcomes following elective adult inpatient surgery in 27 countries. The primary outcome was in-hospital complications. Secondary outcomes were death following a complication (failure to rescue) and death in hospital. Process measures were admission to critical care immediately after surgery or to treat a complication and duration of hospital stay. A single definition of critical care was used for all countries. RESULTS: A total of 474 hospitals in 19 high-, 7 middle- and 1 low-income country were included in the primary analysis. Data included 44 814 patients with a median hospital stay of 4 (range 2-7) days. A total of 7508 patients (16.8%) developed one or more postoperative complication and 207 died (0.5%). The overall mortality among patients who developed complications was 2.8%. Mortality following complications ranged from 2.4% for pulmonary embolism to 43.9% for cardiac arrest. A total of 4360 (9.7%) patients were admitted to a critical care unit as routine immediately after surgery, of whom 2198 (50.4%) developed a complication, with 105 (2.4%) deaths. A total of 1233 patients (16.4%) were admitted to a critical care unit to treat complications, with 119 (9.7%) deaths. Despite lower baseline risk, outcomes were similar in low- and middle-income compared with high-income countries. CONCLUSIONS: Poor patient outcomes are common after inpatient surgery. Global initiatives to increase access to surgical treatments should also address the need for safe perioperative care. STUDY REGISTRATION: ISRCTN5181700

    EPIdemiology of Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury (EPIS-AKI) : Study protocol for a multicentre, observational trial

    Get PDF
    More than 300 million surgical procedures are performed each year. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after major surgery and is associated with adverse short-term and long-term outcomes. However, there is a large variation in the incidence of reported AKI rates. The establishment of an accurate epidemiology of surgery-associated AKI is important for healthcare policy, quality initiatives, clinical trials, as well as for improving guidelines. The objective of the Epidemiology of Surgery-associated Acute Kidney Injury (EPIS-AKI) trial is to prospectively evaluate the epidemiology of AKI after major surgery using the latest Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) consensus definition of AKI. EPIS-AKI is an international prospective, observational, multicentre cohort study including 10 000 patients undergoing major surgery who are subsequently admitted to the ICU or a similar high dependency unit. The primary endpoint is the incidence of AKI within 72 hours after surgery according to the KDIGO criteria. Secondary endpoints include use of renal replacement therapy (RRT), mortality during ICU and hospital stay, length of ICU and hospital stay and major adverse kidney events (combined endpoint consisting of persistent renal dysfunction, RRT and mortality) at day 90. Further, we will evaluate preoperative and intraoperative risk factors affecting the incidence of postoperative AKI. In an add-on analysis, we will assess urinary biomarkers for early detection of AKI. EPIS-AKI has been approved by the leading Ethics Committee of the Medical Council North Rhine-Westphalia, of the Westphalian Wilhelms-University MĂŒnster and the corresponding Ethics Committee at each participating site. Results will be disseminated widely and published in peer-reviewed journals, presented at conferences and used to design further AKI-related trials. Trial registration number NCT04165369

    Infection pulmonaire invasive à Trichoderma longibrachiatum, à propos d’un cas

    No full text
    Introduction : Trichoderma longibrachiatum est un champignon filamenteux appartenant Ă  la famille des hyalohyphomycĂštes, rarement isolĂ© lors d’infections fongiques invasives chez l’Homme mais quelques cas ont dĂ©jĂ  Ă©tĂ© dĂ©crits chez des sujets immunodĂ©primĂ©s.[br/] Observation : Un homme de 69 ans a dĂ©veloppĂ© un syndrome fĂ©brile une semaine aprĂšs la fin d’une chimiothĂ©rapie pour le traitement d’une leucĂ©mie aiguĂ« myĂ©loĂŻde alors qu’il Ă©tait en aplasie profonde (GB < 100 G/L). Devant la positivitĂ© de l’antigĂ©nĂ©mie aspergillaire Ă  1.4 (Plateliaℱ Aspergillus Galactomannan test), un scanner thoracique est rĂ©alisĂ©. L’aspect scannographique (signe du halo) Ă©tait Ă©vocateur d’une aspergillose pulmonaire invasive (API), motivant la rĂ©alisation d’un lavage broncho-alvĂ©olaire (LBA). Le LBA a mis en Ă©vidence des filaments mycĂ©liens rĂ©guliĂšrement septĂ©s. La culture a permis l’isolement et l’identification de Trichoderma sp. Le sĂ©quençage par biologie molĂ©culaire de la rĂ©gion polymorphe ITS3-4 de l’ADN fongique extrait Ă  partir de la culture fongique a permis d’identifier l’espĂšce T. longibrachiatum. L’examen anatomopathologique d’un fragment de biopsie pulmonaire a par la suite confirmĂ© le diagnostic de mycose pulmonaire invasive d’aspect compatible avec une aspergillose. Devant la proximitĂ© hilaire droite du foyer infectieux, faisant craindre un risque hĂ©morragique, une lobectomie infĂ©rieure droite a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e. Des filaments mycĂ©liens ont Ă©tĂ© mis en Ă©vidence Ă  l’examen direct de la piĂšce opĂ©ratoire, et la prĂ©sence de Trichoderma longibrachiatum a Ă©tĂ© confirmĂ©e par la culture puis la biologie molĂ©culaire (sĂ©quençage de l’ADN fongique extrait Ă  partir de la piĂšce opĂ©ratoire) alors que la PCR Aspergillus Ă©tait nĂ©gative. La dĂ©termination des CMI par la mĂ©thode E-testÂź (BiomĂ©rieux) a rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© une bonne sensibilitĂ© pour le voriconazole (0,38ÎŒg/ml), l’amphotĂ©ricine B (3ÎŒg/ml) et la caspofungine (0,094 ÎŒg/ml). Le traitement a reposĂ© sur une association Voriconazole + Caspofungine (10 jours) relayĂ© par du voriconazole per os et le patient est toujours en rĂ©mission hĂ©matologique en mars 2015. [br/] Conclusion : ce patient qui avait tous les caractĂšres cliniques, biologiques et scannographiques d’une API Ă©tait finalement porteur d’une infection Ă  fongique invasive Ă  Trichoderma longibrachiatum

    Infection pulmonaire invasive à <em>Trichoderma longibrachiatum</em>, à propos d’un cas

    No full text
    National audienceIntroduction : Trichoderma longibrachiatum est un champignon filamenteux appartenant Ă  la famille des hyalohyphomycĂštes, rarement isolĂ© lors d’infections fongiques invasives chez l’Homme mais quelques cas ont dĂ©jĂ  Ă©tĂ© dĂ©crits chez des sujets immunodĂ©primĂ©s. Observation : Un homme de 69 ans a dĂ©veloppĂ© un syndrome fĂ©brile une semaine aprĂšs la fin d’une chimiothĂ©rapie pour le traitement d’une leucĂ©mie aiguĂ« myĂ©loĂŻde alors qu’il Ă©tait en aplasie profonde (GB Aspergillus Galactomannan test), un scanner thoracique est rĂ©alisĂ©. L’aspect scannographique (signe du halo) Ă©tait Ă©vocateur d’une aspergillose pulmonaire invasive (API), motivant la rĂ©alisation d’un lavage broncho-alvĂ©olaire (LBA). Le LBA a mis en Ă©vidence des filaments mycĂ©liens rĂ©guliĂšrement septĂ©s. La culture a permis l’isolement et l’identification de Trichoderma sp. Le sĂ©quençage par biologie molĂ©culaire de la rĂ©gion polymorphe ITS3-4 de l’ADN fongique extrait Ă  partir de la culture fongique a permis d’identifier l’espĂšce T. longibrachiatum. L’examen anatomopathologique d’un fragment de biopsie pulmonaire a par la suite confirmĂ© le diagnostic de mycose pulmonaire invasive d’aspect compatible avec une aspergillose. Devant la proximitĂ© hilaire droite du foyer infectieux, faisant craindre un risque hĂ©morragique, une lobectomie infĂ©rieure droite a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e. Des filaments mycĂ©liens ont Ă©tĂ© mis en Ă©vidence Ă  l’examen direct de la piĂšce opĂ©ratoire, et la prĂ©sence de Trichoderma longibrachiatum a Ă©tĂ© confirmĂ©e par la culture puis la biologie molĂ©culaire (sĂ©quençage de l’ADN fongique extrait Ă  partir de la piĂšce opĂ©ratoire) alors que la PCR Aspergillus Ă©tait nĂ©gative. La dĂ©termination des CMI par la mĂ©thode E-testÂź (BiomĂ©rieux) a rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© une bonne sensibilitĂ© pour le voriconazole (0,38ÎŒg/ml), l’amphotĂ©ricine B (3ÎŒg/ml) et la caspofungine (0,094 ÎŒg/ml). Le traitement a reposĂ© sur une association Voriconazole + Caspofungine (10 jours) relayĂ© par du voriconazole per os et le patient est toujours en rĂ©mission hĂ©matologique en mars 2015. Conclusion : ce patient qui avait tous les caractĂšres cliniques, biologiques et scannographiques d’une API Ă©tait finalement porteur d’une infection Ă  fongique invasive Ă  Trichoderma longibrachiatum.</em

    First case of proven invasive pulmonary infection due to Trichoderma longibrachiatum in a neutropenic patient with acute leukemia

    No full text
    IF 1.606 (2017)International audienceTrichoderma species are saprophytic filamentous fungi that can be found all over the word. These fungi show increasing medical importance as opportunistic human pathogens, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Invasive infections due to Trichoderma are rare and definitive diagnosis is complex to achieve because of the lack of specific diagnosis tools. We report in this work the first proven case of invasive pulmonary infection due to T. longibrachiatum in a 69-year-old white male with hematologic malignancy. The patient was successfully treated initially with voriconazole alone followed by a combination of voriconazole and caspofungine

    Mucormycoses pulmonaires au cours des traitements de leucĂ©mies aiguĂ«s. Analyse rĂ©trospective d’une sĂ©rie de 25 patients

    No full text
    International audienceIntroductionIn acute leukaemia (AL), the occurrence of pulmonary mucormycosis (PM), the incidence of which is increasing, as a result of chemotherapy induced marrow aplasia, remains a life threatening complication.MethodsAnalysis of clinical, biological and thoracic CT characteristics of patients with PM developing during the treatment of AL between 2000 and 2015. Day 0 (D0) was defined as the day with first CT evidence of PM.ResultsAmong 1193 patients, 25 cases of PM were recorded during 2099 episodes of bone marrow aplasia. At time of diagnosis of PM, 24/25 patients had been neutropenic for a median of 12 days. None of the patients had diabetes mellitus. On initial CT (D0), the lesion was solitary in 20/25 cases and a reversed halo sign (RHS) was observed in 23/25 cases. From D1 to D7, D8 to D15 and after D15, RHS was seen in 100 %, 75 % and 27 % of cases, respectively. A tissue biopsy was positive in 17/18 cases. The detection of circulating Mucorales DNA in serum was positive in 23/24 patients and in 97/188 serum specimens between D-9 and D9. Bronchoalveolar lavage contributed to diagnosis in only 3/21 cases. The antifungal treatment was mainly based on liposomal amphotericin B combined with, or followed by, posaconazole. A pulmonary surgical resection was performed in 9/25 cases. At 3 months, 76 % of patients were alive and median overall survival was 14 months.ConclusionIn AL, early use of CT could improve the prognosis of PM. The presence of a RHS on CT suggests PM and is an indication for prompt antifungal treatment.IntroductionLa survenue d’une mucormycose pulmonaire (MP), dont l’incidence augmente au cours des aplasies chimio-induites des leucĂ©mies aiguĂ«s (LA), reste une complication redoutable.MĂ©thodesAnalyse des caractĂ©ristiques clinico-biologiques et des scanners thoraciques (CT) des MP survenues au cours des traitements de LA entre 2000 et 2015. Le premier CT pathologique dĂ©finissait le jour 0 (j0) de la MP.RĂ©sultatsParmi 1193 patients, 25 MP furent observĂ©es au cours de 2099 aplasies. Au diagnostic de MP, 24/25 patients Ă©taient neutropĂ©niques depuis une durĂ©e mĂ©diane de 12jours. Aucun patient n’était diabĂ©tique. Sur le CT de j0, l’atteinte pulmonaire Ă©tait unique dans 20 cas et le signe du halo inversĂ© (RHS) prĂ©sent dans 23/25 cas. La frĂ©quence du RHS Ă©tait de 100 % entre j1 et j7 puis 75 % entre j8 et j15 et 27 % aprĂšs j15. Une biopsie tissulaire Ă©tait positive dans 17/18 cas. La prĂ©sence d’ADN circulant de Mucorales sur sĂ©rum Ă©tait observĂ©e chez 23/24 patients et dans 97/188 sĂ©rums entre j-9 et j9. Le lavage bronchoalvĂ©olaire n’était contributif que dans 3/21 cas. Le traitement reposait majoritairement sur l’amphotĂ©ricine B liposomale combinĂ©e ou relayĂ©e par le posaconazole. Une rĂ©section pulmonaire chirurgicale Ă©tait associĂ©e dans 9/25 cas. La survie Ă  3 mois post-MP Ă©tait de 76 % et la mĂ©diane de survie de 14 mois.ConclusionAu cours des LA, le pronostic de la MP peut ĂȘtre amĂ©liorĂ© par la rĂ©alisation prĂ©coce du CT permettant d’évoquer la MP en prĂ©sence d’un RHS et ainsi de dĂ©buter le traitement le plus tĂŽt possible

    Emergency and elective pulmonary surgical resection in haematological patients with invasive fungal infections: a report of 50 cases in a single centre

    No full text
    International audienceInvasive fungal infections (IFI) remain life-threatening complications in haematological patients. The aim of the study was to present the experience of a single centre in the surgical treatment of pulmonary IFI. Between 1992 and 2014, 50 haematological patients with IFI underwent pulmonary resection. In 27 cases it was an emergency procedure to avoid haemoptysis (if the lesion threatened pulmonary vessels). The remaining 23 patients underwent elective surgery before new chemotherapy or stem-cell transplantation. Among these patients (median age: 54 years; range: 5-70 years), 92% had acute leukaemia and 68% were on haematological first-line therapy (receiving induction or consolidation chemotherapies). Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and pulmonary mucormycosis were diagnosed in 37 and 12 patients, respectively. One patient had IFI due to Trichoderma longibrachiatum. All of the patients received antifungal agents. In the month preceding IFI diagnosis, 94% of patients had been neutropenic. At the time of surgery, 30% of patients were still neutropenic and 54% required platelet transfusions. Lobectomy or segmentectomy were performed in 80% and 20% of cases, respectively. Mortality at 30 and 90 days post-surgery was 6% and 10%, respectively. After surgery, median overall survival was 21 months; median overall survival was similar between patients with emergency or elective surgery and between the types of IFI (invasive pulmonary aspergillosis or pulmonary mucormycosis). However, overall survival was far better in haematological first-line patients or in those achieving a haematological complete response than in other patients (p<0.001). In pulmonary IFI, lung resection could be an effective complement to medical treatment in selected haematological patients. M.-L. Chretien, CMI 2016; 22: 782 (C) 2016 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
    corecore