Asfalttiset ympäristönsuojausrakenteet

Ympäristönsuojausrakenteiden asfalttipäällysteille asetettavat vaatimukset poikkeavat teiden ja katurakenteiden päällysteille asetettavista vaatimuksista. Tavallisen asfalttipäällysteen toteuttamiseksi laaditut ohjeet eivät sellaisenaan sovellu asfalttisten tiivistysrakenteiden suunnitteluun ja toteutukseen.Opas käsittelee Asfalttisten ympäristönsuojausrakenteiden suunnitteluvaatimuksia, raaka-aineita, mitoitusperusteita, rakennusmenetelmiä ja toteutusta, laadunvarmistusmenetelmiä sekä huoltoa ja kunnostusta. Oppaassa esitellään asfalttieristeiden käyttöä ja vaatimustasoa eri soveltuvuusalueilla: - kaatopaikkojen pohja- ja pintarakenteissa - puhdas- ja suotovesialtaissa, kemikaalialtaissa, suoja-altaissa ja vallitiloissa - liikennealueiden pohjavesisuojauksissa - huolto- ja jakeluasemilla - haitallisten aineiden käsittelyalueilla - pilaantuneiden maiden eristämisessä - maatalousrakenteissa.Opas täydentää Suomen ympäristökeskuksen jo aikaisemmin julkaisemia opaskirjoja, Kaatopaikan tiivistysrakenteet ja Kaatopaikkojen lopettamisopas

The musical legacy of the 1918 Finnish Civil War on YouTube: reconciliation and agitation

Conflicts such as wars, rebellions and revolutions often give rise to songs that pass on from one generation to another. This applies also to the bloody 1918 Finnish Civil War, which led to the death of nearly 37 000 people (about 1% of the population), of whom the majority 27 000 belonged to the defeated, the Reds, and affected Finnish society on every level and in long-lasting ways, some of which can still be acknowledged today. For decades after the war official and public commemoration of the war dead applied only to the winners, the Whites, whereas the Reds were forced to mourn and honour their dead in the private sphere. On both sides, songs were first a popular way of keeping up spirits and then after the war to commemorate the war. These songs were sung at funerals, parades as well as to mock the enemy. Today some of these songs as well as new ones on the topic are still popular and circulate in various versions on YouTube and other social media sites. These music videos are often remixes of original footage and photos used together with images from other sources. The most popular videos have been viewed hundreds of thousands of times. In this article, we explore the digital heritage of the 1918 Finnish Civil War by giving first an overview of the musical legacy of the war and then analyse how and why this musical legacy continues to flourish on YouTube.</p

Overexpression of HSP27 and HSP70 is associated with decreased survival among patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND Overexpression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) is associated with several malignancies and contributes to the development, progression, and metastasis of cancer, in addition to the inhibition of cellular death. In recent years, there has been active research into using HSP inhibitors in several malignancies. Due to the poor prognosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), it would be valuable to find new biomarkers for the development of cancer treatments. AIM To evaluate the expressions of HSP27 and HSP70 and their effect on survival in EAC. METHODS Immunohislochemical analyses and evaluations of HSP27 and HSP70 expression were performed on all available samples from 93 patients diagnosed with EAC between 1990 and 2007 at two university hospitals. Fifteen cases with Barrett's metaplasia and 5 control cases from the same patient population were included in the analysis. HSP expression was quantitatively assessed and classified as high or low. Kaplan-Meier analyses and Cox regression models adjusting for age and sex as well as tumor site, stage, and grade were used to evaluate the effect on survival. RESULTS Tumor stage and surgical treatment were the main prognostic factors. High HSP27 expression in cancer cases was a strong negative predictive factor, with a mean survival of 23 mo compared to the 49 mo in cases with a low expression (P = 0.018). The results were similar for HSP70, with a poorer survival of 17 mo in cases with high HSP70 expression, in contrast to 40 mo (P = 0.006) in cases with a low expression. A Cox regression survival analysis was performed, adjusting for possible confounding factors, and higher HSP27 and HSP70 expressions remained an independent negative prognostic factor. The HSPs' correlation with survival was not affected by cancer treatments. When the analysis was adjusted for all factors, the odds ratios for HSP27 and HSP70 were 3.3 (CI: 1.6-6.6, P = 0.001) and 2.2 (CI: 1.2-3.9, P = 0.02), respectively. CONCLUSION HSP27 and HSP70 overexpression is associated with poor survival in EAC, which is, to the best of our knowledge, reported for the first time.Peer reviewe

Insulin/IGF-1 Signaling Regulates Proteasome Activity through the Deubiquitinating Enzyme UBH-4

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Fatal Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Infections Caused by Siberian and European Subtypes, Finland, 2015

In most locations except for Russia, tick-borne encephalitis is mainly caused by the European virus subtype. In 2015, fatal infections caused by European and Siberian tick-borne encephalitis virus subtypes in the same Ixodes ricinus tick focus in Finland raised concern over further spread of the Siberian subtype among widespread tick species.Peer reviewe

Onko kotimaisilla taimilla mahdollisuuksia mansikanviljelyssä

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A Genome-Wide Screen for Interactions Reveals a New Locus on 4p15 Modifying the Effect of Waist-to-Hip Ratio on Total Cholesterol

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