64 research outputs found
A large deviations principle for the Maki-Thompson rumour model
We consider the stochastic model for the propagation of a rumour within a
population which was formulated by Maki and Thompson. Sudbury established that,
as the population size tends to infinity, the proportion of the population
never hearing the rumour converges in probability to . Watson later
derived the asymptotic normality of a suitably scaled version of this
proportion. We prove a corresponding large deviations principle, with an
explicit formula for the rate function.Comment: 18 pages, 2 figure
Laws of large numbers for the frog model on the complete graph
The frog model is a stochastic model for the spreading of an epidemic on a
graph, in which a dormant particle starts to perform a simple random walk on
the graph and to awake other particles, once it becomes active. We study two
versions of the frog model on the complete graph with vertices. In the
first version we consider, active particles have geometrically distributed
lifetimes. In the second version, the displacement of each awakened particle
lasts until it hits a vertex already visited by the process. For each model, we
prove that as , the trajectory of the process is well
approximated by a three-dimensional discrete-time dynamical system. We also
study the long-term behavior of the corresponding deterministic systems
Limit theorems for a general stochastic rumour model
We study a general stochastic rumour model in which an ignorant individual
has a certain probability of becoming a stifler immediately upon hearing the
rumour. We refer to this special kind of stifler as an uninterested individual.
Our model also includes distinct rates for meetings between two spreaders in
which both become stiflers or only one does, so that particular cases are the
classical Daley-Kendall and Maki-Thompson models. We prove a Law of Large
Numbers and a Central Limit Theorem for the proportions of those who ultimately
remain ignorant and those who have heard the rumour but become uninterested in
it.Comment: 13 pages, to appear in SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematic
On the behaviour of a rumour process with random stifling
We propose a realistic generalization of the Maki-Thompson rumour model by
assuming that each spreader ceases to propagate the rumour right after being
involved in a random number of stifling experiences. We consider the process
with a general initial configuration and establish the asymptotic behaviour
(and its fluctuation) of the ultimate proportion of ignorants as the population
size grows to . Our approach leads to explicit formulas so that the
limiting proportion of ignorants and its variance can be computed.Comment: 12 pages, to appear in Environmental Modelling & Softwar
A process of rumor scotching on finite populations
Rumor spreading is a ubiquitous phenomenon in social and technological
networks. Traditional models consider that the rumor is propagated by pairwise
interactions between spreaders and ignorants. Spreaders can become stiflers
only after contacting spreaders or stiflers. Here we propose a model that
considers the traditional assumptions, but stiflers are active and try to
scotch the rumor to the spreaders. An analytical treatment based on the theory
of convergence of density dependent Markov chains is developed to analyze how
the final proportion of ignorants behaves asymptotically in a finite
homogeneously mixing population. We perform Monte Carlo simulations in random
graphs and scale-free networks and verify that the results obtained for
homogeneously mixing populations can be approximated for random graphs, but are
not suitable for scale-free networks. Furthermore, regarding the process on a
heterogeneous mixing population, we obtain a set of differential equations that
describes the time evolution of the probability that an individual is in each
state. Our model can be applied to study systems in which informed agents try
to stop the rumor propagation. In addition, our results can be considered to
develop optimal information dissemination strategies and approaches to control
rumor propagation.Comment: 13 pages, 11 figure
A new upper bound for the critical probability of the frog model on homogeneous trees
We consider the interacting particle system on the homogeneous tree of degree
, known as frog model. In this model, active particles perform
independent random walks, awakening all sleeping particles they encounter, and
dying after a random number of jumps, with geometric distribution. We prove an
upper bound for the critical parameter of survival of the model, which improves
the previously known results. This upper bound was conjectured in a paper by
Lebensztayn et al. (, 119(1-2), 331-345, 2005). We also give a
closed formula for the upper bound
Rumour Processes on N
We study four discrete time stochastic systems on \bbN modeling processes
of rumour spreading. The involved individuals can either have an active or a
passive role, speaking up or asking for the rumour. The appetite in spreading
or hearing the rumour is represented by a set of random variables whose
distributions may depend on the individuals. Our goal is to understand - based
on those random variables distribution - whether the probability of having an
infinite set of individuals knowing the rumour is positive or not
Graciliano Ramos, por Otto Maria Carpeaux: 120 anos, homenagem em dobro
Apresento dois ensaios de Otto Maria Carpeaux a respeito de Graciliano Ramos, que permitem conhecer melhor o crÃtico e o romancista: uma homenagem aos sessenta anos do escritor e um artigo quando de sua morte. Revelando o interesse de Graciliano por Dante Alighieri, o crÃtico, com precisão e imagens poéticas, apreende a força regional e universal do romance moderno brasileiro criado pelo escritor, "cÃrculo fechado" em que se fundem artisticamente vertentes sociais e introspectivas.I present two Otto Maria Carpeaux's essays about Graciliano Ramos, which permit us to know better the critic and the novelist: an homage to the writer's sixty years and an article published when he died. Showing Graciliano's interest on Dante Alighieri, Carpeaux, accurately and with poetic images, captures the regional and universal strength of the Brazilian modern novel created by the writer, "closed circle" in which the social and introspective faces artistically blend
- …