Screening for cardiovascular risk in the general population: The SPICES implementation survey

BackgroundIn 2019, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) caused 32% of deaths worldwide. The SPICES survey involved five countries in an international primary CVD prevention implementation study in the general population. The French SPICES survey was implemented in the Centre Ouest Bretagne area (COB), which is a rural, economically deprived, medically underserved territory with high cardiovascular mortality. A CVD screening in the general population was needed to select the implementation population without overburdening family practitioner (FP) workforces. The efficacy and the replicability of such a screening were unknown. The aims of this study were to identify the characteristics of the individuals undergoing CVD risk assessment with the Non-Laboratory Interheart risk score (NL-IHRS), and to identify barriers and explore facilitators when screening the general population.MethodsAn implementation study combining a cross-sectional descriptive study with qualitative interviews was undertaken. The NL-IHRS was completed by trained screeners selected from health students, pharmacists, nurses, and physiotherapists in the area with a dedicated e-tool in sport and cultural events and public places. After the screening, all screener groups were interviewed until theoretical saturation for each group. Thematic analysis was performed using double-blind coding.ResultsIn 5 months, 3,384 assessments were undertaken in 60 different places, mostly by health students. A total of 1,587, 1,309, and 488 individuals were at low, moderate, and high CVD risk. Stressed or depressed individuals were remarkably numerous (40.1 and 24.5% of the population, respectively). Forty-seven interviews were conducted. The main facilitators were willingness of the population, trust between screeners and the research team, and media publicity. The main barriers were lack of motivation of some screeners, some individuals at risk, some stakeholders and difficulties in handling the e-tool.ConclusionThe efficacy of CVD risk screening while using mostly health students was excellent and preserved the FP workforce. Replicability was highly feasible if research teams took great care to establish and maintain trust between screeners and researchers. The e-tools should be more user-friendly

Copepods Boost the Production but Reduce the Carbon Export Efficiency by Diatoms

The fraction of net primary production that is exported from the euphotic zone as sinking particulate organic carbon (POC) varies notably through time and from region to region. Phytoplankton containing biominerals, such as silicified diatoms have long been associated with high export fluxes. However, recent reviews point out that the magnitude of export is not controlled by diatoms alone, but determined by the whole plankton community structure. The combined effect of phytoplankton community composition and zooplankton abundance on export flux dynamics, were explored using a set of 12 large outdoor mesocosms. All mesocosms received a daily addition of minor amounts of nitrate and phosphate, while only 6 mesocosms received silicic acid (dSi). This resulted in a dominance of diatoms and dinoflagellate in the +Si mesocosms and a dominance of dinoflagellate in the -Si mesocosms. Simultaneously, half of the mesocosms had decreased mesozooplankton populations whereas the other half were supplemented with additional zooplankton. In all mesocosms, POC fluxes were positively correlated to Si/C ratios measured in the surface community and additions of dSi globally increased the export fluxes in all treatments highlighting the role of diatoms in C export. The presence of additional copepods resulted in higher standing stocks of POC, most probably through trophic cascades. However it only resulted in higher export fluxes for the +Si mesocosms. In the +Si with copepod addition (+Si +Cops) export was dominated by large diatoms with higher Si/C ratios in sinking material than in standing stocks. During non-bloom situations, the grazing activity of copepods decrease the export efficiency in diatom dominated systems by changing the structure of the phytoplankton community and/or preventing their aggregation. However, in flagellate-dominated system, the copepods increased phytoplankton growth, aggregation and fecal pellet production, with overall higher net export not always visible in term of export efficiency

Du lycée professionnel vers les sections STS : orientation, dispositifs, bilan

Les dispositifs inter-degré (bac / post bac) favorisent-ils la réussite des élèves de Baccalauréat professionnel en BTS ? Deux hypothèses : Hypothèse n° 1 : les dispositifs proposés répondent aux difficultés des élèves de Bac professionnel. Hypothèse n°2 : la perception que les enseignants ont des difficultés des élèves de Bac professionnel correspond réellement aux difficultés ressenties par ces élèves

Enseigner l'EPS à l'étranger

L'Agence pour l'enseignement français à l'étranger, AEFE, possède un réseau dont la répartition (17 zones géographiques) s'explique par des liens historiques, culturels, linguistiques et économiques. Ses établissements, en lien avec les structures de l'Education nationale, ont des interlocuteurs académiques pour la formation continue, les examens, et depuis peu pour le sport scolaire (UNSS). Cet article expose le contexte et les spécificités de l'enseignement de l'EPS à l'étranger

Evaluation des usages du dossier patient partagé au sein de deux réseaux de santé, analyse sociologique versus analyse des « logs files »

Rapport final du projet AUTOMATE, Analyse des usages en télésanté : organisation d’un réseau, mesure de son appropriation, techniques d’évaluation, recherche financée par le Ministère de la Recherche, décision 04L356

Evaluation des usages du dossier patient partagé au sein de deux réseaux de santé, analyse sociologique versus analyse des « logs files »

Rapport final du projet AUTOMATE, Analyse des usages en télésanté : organisation d’un réseau, mesure de son appropriation, techniques d’évaluation, recherche financée par le Ministère de la Recherche, décision 04L356

Evaluation de l’intérêt de différents leviers pour améliorer le bien-être du poulet de chair

National audienc

Evaluation multicritère de deux scénarios visant à améliorer le bien-être du poulet standard sur l’économie, l’environnement et le travail de l’éleveur

National audienc

Leviers d’amélioration du bien-être en filière poulet « standard » : Comment évaluer leurs effets sur l’économie, l’environnement et le travail ?

National audienc

Gambling marketing strategies and the internet: what do we know? a systematic review.

The gambling industry has developed many types of gambling on Internet in recent years. Gambling is a social activity for a majority of the world population, but problem gambling (PG) can emerge. The trajectories of gamblers from initiation to PG development are influenced by many variables, including individual and environmental variables and also variables linked to the gambling characteristics. Marketing has been reported to influence gamblers' perceptions and behaviors, but this is not as clear for digital marketing. Digital gambling marketing is broad, ranging from the marketing of gambling websites to communication and advertising on the social media and networks. The objective of this article was to fill this gap by conducting a systematic literature review in order to answer the following questions: (1) What are the strategies of digital gambling marketing? (2) What is the effect of this exposure on gambling representations, intentions and practices? A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines on Pubmed database (Medline) from February 2020 to March 2020 and Scopus. Existing papers published between January 2000 and February 2020 were identified by searching with this algorithm: ((("internet"[MeSH Major Topic] OR (communications[All Fields] AND media[All Fields])) OR ("social media"[MeSH Terms] OR ("social"[All Fields] AND "media"[All Fields]) OR "social media"[All Fields])) AND "gambling"[MeSH Major Topic]) AND ("marketing"[MeSH Terms] OR "marketing"[All Fields]), in title, keywords or abstract. Ninety-one candidate studies were selected, 21 studies were selected for the systematic review. Sport appeared as a specific target of online gambling marketing. A growing range of platforms for online sport betting and the development of strategies on the social media were identified. Regarding content, a systematic association between sport and gambling was highlighted. Vulnerable populations, such as young people, appeared to be at high risk of exposure to gambling marketing. Little data is available on the strategies of digital gambling marketing or on exposure to it. Sport could be the first target for future research to understand how the industry is targeting specific populations, and what influence these strategies could have on PG development