The translation of humor in dubbing: the case of Woody Allen

Este Trabajo de Fin de Grado está basado en la traducción del humor en algunas de las películas de Woody Allen, y se desarrolla a través de un detallado análisis comparativo de ambas versiones, la original en Inglés y la doblada al Castellano procedentes de las muestras escogidas. Este proyecto también pretende analizar los diversos procedimientos de traducción llevados a cabo en cada una de las partes seleccionadas de las versiones dobladas y averiguar si esas técnicas han evolucionado con el paso del tiempo, partiendo del hecho de que dichas películas pertenecen a distintas décadas (1970 y del año 2000 en adelante). Las partes de los guiones analizadas se clasifican de acuerdo con el tipo de humor que representan, y son descritas en base a factores determinantes en el proceso de la traducción como son la cultura, el contexto, la intencionalidad y los condicionantes lingüísticos, visuales y sonoros.Departamento de Filología InglesaGrado en Estudios Inglese

Improving electrical and thermal surface properties of polymer composite materials

Treballs Finals de Grau d'Enginyeria Química, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Curs: 2016-2017, Tutores: Núria Llorca Isern, Ana Maria Escobar RomeroThe use of new composite materials has increase in the last decades due to the possibility to achieve great properties with the combination of two or more materials. A great example is carbon fibre reinforce polymers (CFRPs), which are intensively use in many applications for their good strength to weight ratio. These materials are apparently an ideal component for aircraft industrial; however, the electrical and thermal conductivity they exhibit makes it unsuitable for certain applications like lightening strike protection. To achieve better performance on CFRPs, it is common to metallise the surface with aluminium, copper or others conductive materials. In this project two different approaches have been compared: joining, with adhesive tape, and coating, with electrochemical deposition and sputtering. The electrical conductivity of the samples, before and after the metallization, has been studied with the 4-probes method and we have studied the influence of thickness on thermal and electrical conductivity

La enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras en Educación Secundaria Obligatoria : Propuesta Curricular desde un enfoque plurilingüe

El presente Trabajo Fin de Máster parte de las determinaciones educativas actuales que giran en torno a la promoción del plurilingüismo en los distintos niveles de enseñanza obligatoria, permitiendo que los estudiantes desarrollen la competencia comunicativa plurilingüe e intercultural. Siendo el desarrollo de esta competencia fruto de la inmersión en y por contextos plurilingües de educación formal, no formal e informal, y ante la incipiente necesidad social de comunicarse en varias lenguas, centramos la atención en la etapa particular de la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, para la que diseñamos una propuesta curricular integradora que contempla los componentes de planificación imprescindibles para el tratamiento conjunto y efectivo de Lenguas extranjeras en las aulas. Su proceso de elaboración suscita reflexiones que se exponen en las conclusiones del Trabajo, a modo de orientaciones y pautas susceptibles de tomarse en cuenta en los procedimientos para el diseño curricular plurilingüe. Palabras clave: Educación plurilingüe, Competencia comunicativa plurilingüe e intercultural, Lenguas Extranjeras, Currículo, Instrumento de planificación curricular. This Master’s Final Project has been developed from the current educational determinations regarding plurilingualism within the different levels in Compulsory Education, enabling the students to develop the communicative plurilingual and intercultural competence. Considering the development of this competence as a result of immersion and plurilingual contexts in formal, non-formal and informal education, and given the arising social need for communication in several languages, we focus our attention on the Secondary Education stage, for which we design an integrated curricular proposal taking into account the essential planning components for the combinative and effective treatment of foreign languages at schools. Its creation process entails reflections that are exposed in the conclusions of this work, aiming at serving as a guide and to provide some keys required in the procedures for plurilingual curricular design. Key words: Plurilingual Education, Plurilingual and Intercultural Competence, Foreign Languages, Curriculum, Lesson Plan.Departamento de Didáctica de la Lengua y LiteraturaMáster en Profesor de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Enseñanzas de Idioma

Women and Shakespeare's Cuckoldry Plays: Shifting Narratives of Marital Betrayal

How does a woman become a whore? What are the discursive dynamics making a woman a whore? And, more importantly, what are the discursive mechanics of unmaking? In Women and Shakespeare’s Cuckoldry Plays: Shifting Narratives of Marital Betrayal, Cristina León Alfar pursues these questions to tease out familiar cultural stories about female sexuality that recur in the form of a slander narrative throughout William Shakespeare’s work. She argues that the plays stage a structure of accusation and defense that unravels the authority of husbands to make and unmake wives. While men’s accusations are built on a foundation of political, religious, legal, and domestic discourses about men’s superiority to, and rule over, women, whose weaker natures render them perpetually suspect, women’s bonds with other women animate defenses of virtue and obedience, fidelity and love, work loose the fabric of patrilineal power that undergirds masculine privileges in marriage, and signify a discursive shift that constitutes the site of agency within a system of oppression that ought to prohibit such agency. That women’s agency in the early modern period must be tied to the formations of power that officially demand their subjection need not undermine their acts. In what Alfar calls Shakespeare’s cuckoldry plays, women’s rhetoric of defense is both subject to the discourse of sexual honor and finds a ground on which to “shift it” as women take control of and replace sexual slander with their own narratives of marital betrayal

El neuromarketing como nueva tendencia de la comunicación.

En este ensayo hablaré sobre la evolución que se ha dado en el campo del mercadeo y la publicidad, pues si bien es cierto que los medios como el ATL y BTL son los tradicionales y han llegando a las personas durante años, se reconoce que la comunicación ha creado una saturación publicitaria, obteniendo como resultado la confusión que los compradores tienen en el momento de adquirir un bien o servicio, pues en ocasiones no pueden definir lo que realmente quieren comprar.This essay will talk about the evolution that has occurred in the field of marketing and advertising, because although it is true that the media as the ATL and BTL are traditional and have been reaching people for years, it is recognized that communication has created an advertising saturation, resulting in confusion that buyers have when purchasing a good or service, because sometimes they can not define what they want to buy

Study of Magnetically Confined Plasma Dynamics with Cellular Automata

Nuclear fusion has many chances to become the primary energy source of the future. The great energy density of fusion reactions, together with the environmental and safety benefits that it encloses makes it a powerful alternative to existing energy sources and a smart response to the increase in energy demand. Up to now, research has designated tokamaks as the best alternative to obtain fusion energy. However, their reliability has not yet been proved. To this matter, ITER, the most ambitious energy project in human history, is being built to demonstrate the viability of fusion energy by producing net positive energy in a giant tokamak. Fusion plasmas inside Tokamaks are known to be turbulent. The instabilities created in the plasma by the great gradients they are subjected to, turn the issue of their confinement into a difficult goal to achieve. Part of the plasma escapes from the confinement volume, reducing the density in its core and decreasing the efficiency of the fusion reaction as well as the energy obtained from it. As a consequence, the net fusion energy produced may not be sustainable. More energy is used in the process than the one that is extracted from it. If fusion reactors are meant to be a reliable source of energy in the future, effective solutions to mitigate the effects of turbulence are a critical necessity. Various confinement modes exist in a tokamak as the power of the heating source is increased. The most well-known one is the L-mode (Low confinement mode), but it is only the H-mode (High confinement mode) the one that brings some hope to the idea of industrial fusion processes. Still, there are many unknowns to the dynamic processes that take part in this last regime. In H-mode, a transport barrier created by the poloidal rotation of the plasma is known to appear at the edge of the tokamak section. The differences in radial velocities in this barrier, create zonal shear flows that shear apart turbulent eddies, reducing the transport of particles out of the tokamak. It is this mechanism that makes H-mode the most reasonable regime in which a fusion reactor would operate. Still, the transport dynamics of H-mode are not fully understood. In order to make effective predictions on confinement control strategies as well as the cost and size of a future fusion energy plant, the ultimate concepts on the interaction of shear with turbulence have to be clarified. It is a proved fact that the dynamics of transport in fusion plasmas is not diffusive. Instead, the transport regime operating in L-mode appears to be similar to ”SOC dynamics” (SOC = Self Organized Criticality), characterized by the existence of memory as well as the absence of characteristic scales or times. This absence makes the quest for an effective coefficient of diffusion a useless work. As a first step towards the understanding on how the relations between turbulence and shear change the transport dynamics in H-mode, the present project aims to create an abstract model of radial turbulent transport inside tokamaks. This model needs to be versatile enough to introduce and detect essential changes and fundamental relations in the transport dynamics of the system. With it, fundamental questions such as the search for a proper effective description of transport beyond usual diffusion could be investigated in the future. For this purpose, the running sandpile, a model that attempted to capture the basic dynamics of the plasma in L-mode introduced in the 1990’s, is used and modified by introducing in it a new variable, shear. By doing this an ”extended sandpile model” is created. In order to introduce the interactions of the shear with the other variables in the model in a way inspired by the actual physics in H-mode, new dynamic rules are implemented and included in a newly designed algorithm created with the software tool Matlab. This ”Extended sandpile model” has then been tested by analyzing data retrieved from its continued operation. The tool that has been used to examine the validity of this extended model is known as ”transfer entropy”, a tool capable of determining the direction and importance of causal flows between variables. Variables such as the instantaneous variance of the average shear, the instantaneous variance of the average gradient and the instantaneous number of unstable cells have been tested by this tool, revealing reverted relations in causality between the model with shear and the one without. Moreover, in the extended running sandpile the results show that shear can be made to become the most influential factor, something that was intended, since it is what actually happens in H-mode plasmas. As a conclusion for these results follow that the procedures here conducted have been able to produce a model that is able to capture the essence of near-marginal transport in the presence of shear in a few rules and parameters. Furthermore, transfer entropy has been proved to be able to detect these changes afterwards. As content of future research one could mention that a thorough exploration of the parameter space that defines the extended model should be carried out before selecting the operational point that would set the system closer to actual H-mode transport dynamics. Once done, this could serve as the starting point of investigations aiming at finding appropriate effective transport equations that, from previous experience with the usual running sandpile, would probably have to be based on the use of the integro-differential operators usually known as fractional derivatives.Ingeniería Aeroespacia

Máquina de refrigeración de ciclo en cascada con un solo compresor

El objetivo del presente documento ha sido obtener una nueva tecnología para un ciclo termodinámico de obtención de frío, del tipo refrigeración en cascada con un solo compresor, que puede alcanzar un amplio rango de temperaturas frías. La particularidad reside en que la tecnología utilizada permite obtener el frío de una manera más eficiente que las que ahora se utilizan, logrando un ahorro en el consumo. Se ha centrado el proyecto en una industria de alimentos congelados, concretamente se ha definido un flujo horario de canelones que sirve como punto de partida para definir las necesidades térmicas del ciclo. Se ha estudiado la evolución del ciclo desde un esquema inicial, a partir del cual se realizan los cambios necesarios con el fin de obtener un ciclo termodinámico definitivo que de un mayor rendimiento y, por tanto, mayor ahorro de energía cumpliendo las especificaciones marcadas en un principio. Este ciclo final obtenido hace uso de una mezcla de componentes como mezcla refrigerante e incorpora el uso de una columna de destilación química; elemento clave para el ahorro energético que al final se logra. Además, se idea un método con el que obtener agua caliente sanitaria a partir de un flujo de calor que en un principio iba a ser liberado al ambiente. Se aumenta así el ahorro de energía consumida por la empresa, ya que se pueden satisfacer con ello necesidades concretas como son la higiene de los trabajadores o la desinfección de utensilios y máquinas. Mediante el uso de un programa de simulación, se comprueba como la teoría estudiada se comportaría en la realidad obteniendo el resultado que el ciclo es completamente viable pues se obtienen en cada punto las características esperadas. A través de un programa de elementos finitos se comprueba que el núcleo del alimento a congelar adquiera la temperatura deseada en el tiempo que marca la normativa. Se realiza una comparativa entre la potencia requerida en el ciclo del proyecto y las que serían necesarias para algunos ciclos usados actualmente con las mismas necesidades térmicas, con el fin de cuantificar numéricamente el ahorro en energía eléctrica obtenido. Finalmente, se realiza un presupuesto aproximado para saber el coste de la instalación termodinámica y un análisis ambiental del uso de los refrigerantes empleados