6,614 research outputs found
The financial crisis and U.S. cross-border financial flows
The financial crisis that began in the summer of 2007 caused notable changes in the composition of U.S. cross-border financial flows, especially in the fall of 2008, when the crisis intensified. This article documents three major channels through which financial flows and associated portfolio positions were affected: (1) “flight to safety” shifts away from riskier securities and toward investments in safe and liquid markets, particularly U.S. Treasury securities; (2) unusual flows through the banking system resulting from a shortage of dollar liquidity abroad and a breakdown in interbank markets; and (3) a pullback from cross-border positions during the crisis.Financial crises ; Government securities
SOURCES OF PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH DURING THE TRANSITION TO ALTERNATIVE CROPPING SYSTEMS
Traditional measures of productivity growth may not fully account for all sources of growth during the transition from conventional to alternative cropping systems. This paper treats soil quality as part of the production process and incorporates it directly into rotational measures of productivity growth. An application to data from an experimental cropping system in Pennsylvania suggests that both experimental learning and soil-quality improvements were important sources of growth during the system's transition.Productivity Analysis,
A phylogenomic perspective on the radiation of ray-finned fishes based upon targeted sequencing of ultraconserved elements
Ray-finned fishes constitute the dominant radiation of vertebrates with over
30,000 species. Although molecular phylogenetics has begun to disentangle major
evolutionary relationships within this vast section of the Tree of Life, there
is no widely available approach for efficiently collecting phylogenomic data
within fishes, leaving much of the enormous potential of massively parallel
sequencing technologies for resolving major radiations in ray-finned fishes
unrealized. Here, we provide a genomic perspective on longstanding questions
regarding the diversification of major groups of ray-finned fishes through
targeted enrichment of ultraconserved nuclear DNA elements (UCEs) and their
flanking sequence. Our workflow efficiently and economically generates data
sets that are orders of magnitude larger than those produced by traditional
approaches and is well-suited to working with museum specimens. Analysis of the
UCE data set recovers a well-supported phylogeny at both shallow and deep
time-scales that supports a monophyletic relationship between Amia and
Lepisosteus (Holostei) and reveals elopomorphs and then osteoglossomorphs to be
the earliest diverging teleost lineages. Divergence time estimation based upon
14 fossil calibrations reveals that crown teleosts appeared ~270 Ma at the end
of the Permian and that elopomorphs, osteoglossomorphs, ostarioclupeomorphs,
and euteleosts diverged from one another by 205 Ma during the Triassic. Our
approach additionally reveals that sequence capture of UCE regions and their
flanking sequence offers enormous potential for resolving phylogenetic
relationships within ray-finned fishes
Getting on the E List: E-Mail Use in a Community of Service Provider
This case examines how a community of organizations providing service to people experiencing homelessness made use of an electronic mail list. Current economic conditions have encouraged organizations in various sectors—including nonprofits—that might normally compete for scarce resources to collaborate with one another to increase their chances of survival. One set of tools likely to be of value in such relationships includes various online discussion technologies. An examination of this community’s email list use over a three-year period suggests a somewhat complex picture regarding technology use. More specifically, some issues both constrain and enable use. Additionally, seemingly basic and minimal uses of the list provided not only the greatest functionality for the users, but also led to several unanticipated consequences for those involved
Five Degrees of Separation: A Response to Judge Sheldon\u27s The Sleepwalker\u27s Tour of Divorce Law
Transplantation of Fetal CNS Tissue Into the Peripheral Nervous System: A Model to Study Aberrant Changes in the Neuronal Cytoskeleton
Defined regions (septum, substantia nigra) of the embryonic central nervous system (CNS) were transplanted into the sciatic nerves of young adult rats. Immunocytochemical techniques were used to examine the expression of neurotransmitter related enzymes and neuronal cytoskeletal proteins in the grafts
Troubles at the Doorstep: The Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1988 and Group Homes for Recovering Substance Abusers
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