Why do we need to care about transboundary aquifers and how do we solve their issues?

As the reliance on transboundary groundwater is increasing globally, it is important to understand and address the specific issues raised by the assessment and management of transboundary aquifers (TBAs). Building on 20 years of TBA experience and through a three-pillar framework (assessment, cooperation-collaboration, shared management), the key elements to addressing TBA issues are described, including a multidisciplinary approach, identification of hotspot zones, local vs border-wide approaches, appropriate funding models, and an increased recognition of the role and value of each TBA

Bestatin is a non-competitive inhibitor of porcine M1 family glutamyl aminopeptidase: Insights for selective inhibitor design

173-180Glutamyl aminopeptidase (APA) is an M1 family membrane-bound ectoenzyme that is a target for the development of antihypertensive and anticancer agents. Bestatin is a natural product described as a classical inhibitor of metallo-aminopeptidases. Although the IC50 value of bestatin vs human APA has been reported, the mechanism of inhibition is unknown. In the present contribution, we demonstrated that bestatin is a non-competitive (α>1) inhibitor of porcine APA (pAPA), with a Ki value of 31.59 μM (α=3.7). A model of the bestatin-pAPA complex predicted that bestatin binds to pAPA similarly to porcine aminopeptidase N (pAPN). The interaction involved catalytic and chelating residues conserved in the M1 family. Additionally, a salt bridge with R877 and a hydrogen bond interaction with T346, both key residues for APA specificity for N-terminal acidic residues were identified. These residues and E213, which forms a hydrogen bond interaction with bestatin, are not conserved in human and porcine APN. The extension of the in silico analysis to amastatin and bestatin analogs probestin, and phebestin, which are APA inhibitors, indicated that they may interact with the same residues. The results indicate that bestatin analogues currently reported to inhibit APN are dual inhibitors of APA and APN and that some APA residues could be targeted to improve inhibitor selectivity

Inferring parameters of a relational system of preferences from assignment examples using an evolutionary algorithm

Most evolutionary multi-objective algorithms perform poorly in many objective problems. They normally do not make selective pressure towards the Region of Interest (RoI), the privileged zone in the Pareto frontier that contains solutions important to a DM.  Several works have proved that a priori incorporation of preferences improves convergence towards the RoI. The work of (E. Fernandez, E. Lopez, F. Lopez & C.A. Coello Coello, 2011) uses a binary fuzzy outranking relational system to map many-objective problems into a tri-objective optimization problem that searches the RoI; however, it requires the elicitation of many preference parameters, a very hard task. The use of an indirect elicitation approach overcomes such situation by allowing the parameter inference from a battery of examples.  Even though the relational system of Fernandez et al. (2011) is based on binary relations, it is more convenient to elicit its parameters from assignment examples. In this sense, this paper proposes an evolutionary-based indirect parameter elicitation method that uses preference information embedded in assignment examples, and it offers an analysis of their impact in a priori incorporation of DM’s preferences. Results show, through an extensive computer experiment over random test sets, that the method estimates properly the model parameter’s values. First published online 7 May 201

Análisis de las versiones cefálicas externas realizadas entre 2012 y 2016

Objetivo: Conocer los resultados de las versiones cefálicas externas (VCE) realizadas en el área sanitaria de Ferrol en el período comprendido entre enero de 2012 y diciembre de 2016. Métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de las historias clínicas de las gestantes con presentación no cefálica después de las 36 semanas. Análisis de edad materna, edad gestacional, paridad, éxito de la técnica, peso del recién nacido y tipo de parto al finalizar la gestación. Resultados: Durante el período estudiado hubo 5392 partos en nuestra área sanitaria, de los cuales 1222 fueron cesáreas (22.66%). Del total de presentaciones no cefálicas (251), 141 mujeres (56.18%) aceptaron realizar VCE, según el protocolo de nuestro servicio. 62 fueron exitosas (43.97%), de las cuales terminaron en parto vaginal 44 (70.97%), cesárea por diferentes indicaciones 17 (27.42%) y 1 caso (1.61%) en el que no se disponen de datos posteriores a la realización del procedimiento. La reducción en la indicación de cesárea por presentación no cefálica fue de un 24.67%, lo que supone un descenso en la tasa global de cesáreas del 0.83%. Se analiza la edad materna, edad gestacional, paridad, sexo y peso del recién nacido para cada grupo. Conclusiones: En nuestra área sanitaria tenemos una baja aceptación para la realización de VCE. La tasa de éxito está por debajo de las publicadas (65%), esto podría ser debido a un alto porcentaje de nulíparas, y que se ofrece a todas aquellas que no presentan contraindicación. El porcentaje de partos vaginales tras el procedimiento es de casi el 71%. Es una técnica segura y puede reducir la tasa global de cesáreas.Obxectivo: Coñecer os resultados das versións cefálicas externas ( VCE) realizadas na área sanitaria de Ferrol no período comprendido entre xaneiro de 2012 e decembro de 2016. Métodos: Análise retrospectiva das historias clínicas das xestantes con presentación non cefálica despois das 36 semanas. Análise de idade materna, idade xestacional, paridade, éxito da técnica, peso do recén nado e tipo de parto ao finalizar a xestación. Resultados: Durante o período estudado houbo 5392 partos na nosa área sanitaria, dos cales 1222 foron cesáreas (22.66%). Do total de presentacións non cefálicas (251), 141 mulleres (56.18%) aceptaron realizar VCE, segundo o protocolo do noso servizo. 62 foron exitosas (43.97%), das cales terminaron en parto vaxinal 44 (70.97%), cesárea por diferentes indicacións 17 (27.42%) e 1 caso (1.61%) no que non se dispoñen de datos posteriores á realización do procedemento. A redución na indicación de cesárea por presentación non cefálica foi dun 24.67%, o que supón un descenso na taxa global de cesáreas do 0.83%. Analízase a idade materna, idade xestacional, paridade, sexo e peso do recén nado para cada grupo. Conclusións: Na nosa área sanitaria temos unha baixa aceptación para a realización de VCE. A taxa de éxito está por baixo das publicadas (65%), isto podería ser debido a unha alta porcentaxe de nulíparas, e que se ofrece a todas aquelas que non presentan contraindicación. A porcentaxe de partos vaxinais tras o procedemento é de case o 71%. É unha técnica segura e pode reducir a taxa global de cesáreas.Comunicación-póster presentada en la 34 Edición Nacional Formación S.E.G.O. celebrada en Oviedo del 12 al 16 de junio de 201

Binational reflections on pathways to groundwater security in the Mexico-United States borderlands

Shared groundwater resources between Mexico and the United States are facing unprecedented stressors. We reflect on how to improve water security for groundwater systems in the border region. Our reflection begins with the state of groundwater knowledge, and the challenges groundwater resources face from a physical, societal and institutional perspective. We conclude that the extent of ongoing cooperation frameworks, joint and remaining research efforts, from which alternative strategies can emerge, still need to be developed. The way forward offers a variety of cooperation models as the future offers rather complex, shared and multidisciplinary water challenges to the Mexico–US borderlands

Binational reflections on pathways to groundwater security in the Mexico–United States borderlands

Shared groundwater resources between Mexico and the United States are facing unprecedented stressors. We reflect on how to improve water security for groundwater systems in the border region. Our reflection begins with the state of groundwater knowledge, and the challenges groundwater resources face from a physical, societal and institutional perspective. We conclude that the extent of ongoing cooperation frameworks, joint and remaining research efforts, from which alternative strategies can emerge, still need to be developed. The way forward offers a variety of cooperation models as the future offers rather complex, shared and multidisciplinary water challenges to the Mexico–US borderlands

COMPUTACION APLICADA

GUIA DIDACTICA / PLANEACION DIDACTICA (NMS

SISTEMAS DE INFORMACION

GUIA DIDACTICA / PLANEACION DIDACTICA (NMS

Coartação não corrigida da aorta em paciente grávida

Aortic coarctation accounts for 4% to 6% of congenital heart defects, ranking seventh in the list of all congenital heart diseases. It is characterized by a discrete narrowing, usually in the descending portion of the aortic arch and distal to the left subclavian artery. Pregnant patients with aortic coarctation present a higher risk of complications: rupture or dissection of the aorta, aneurysms in the polygon of Willis and endocarditis. Therefore, defining correct and preventive treatment during pregnancy as well as the way of delivery is important. We present the clinical case of a patient with a history of uncorrected aortic coarctation and diagnosis of pree- clampsia, highlighting the process of care, diagnostic approach and integrated handling during hospitalization. A literature review and critical analysis of the case are also presented. It can be concluded that uncorrected aortic coarctation generates multiple  complications;  the  importance  of  preconception  consultation  is  highlighted  and, in the absence of contraindications, carry out adequate multidisciplinary control by maternal-fetal medicine, car- diology and haemodynamics.La coartación aórtica constituye entre el 4% y 6% de los defectos cardíacos congénitos y ocupa el séptimo lugar en la lista de todas las cardiopatías congénitas. Se caracteriza por un estrechamiento discreto, generalmente en la porción descendente del arco aórtico y distal a la arteria subclavia izquierda. Las pacientes embarazadas con coarta- ción aórtica presentan mayor riesgo de complicaciones: ruptura o disección de la aorta, aneurismas en el polígono de Willis y endocarditis. Es importante definir el tratamiento oportuno y preventivo durante el embarazo, así como la vía del parto. Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente con antecedente de coartación aórtica no corregida y diagnóstico de preeclampsia, resaltando el proceso de atención, enfoque diagnóstico y manejo integral durante la hospitalización. Se expone además una revisión de la literatura y un análisis crítico del caso. Se concluye que la coartación aórtica sin tratamiento genera múltiples complicaciones; se destaca la importancia de la consulta preconcepcional para evaluar los riesgos del embarazo y llevar un adecuado control multidisciplinario por medicina materno fetal, cardio- logía y hemodinamia.A coarctação da aorta representa entre 4% e 6% das cardiopatias congênitas e ocupa o sétimo lugar na lista de todas as cardiopatias congênitas. Caracteriza-se por estreitamento discreto, geralmente na porção descendente do arco aórtico e distal à artéria subclávia esquerda. Pacientes grávidas com coarctação da aorta apresentam risco aumentado de complicações: ruptura ou dissecção da aorta, aneurismas no círculo de Willis e endocardite. É impor- tante definir o tratamento oportuno e preventivo durante a gravidez, bem como a via de parto. Apresenta-se o caso clínico de uma paciente com história de coarctação de aorta não corrigida e diagnóstico de pré-eclâmpsia, destacando o processo de cuidado, abordagem diagnóstica e atenção integral durante a internação. Uma revisão da literatura e uma análise crítica do caso também são apresentados. Conclui-se que a coarctação da aorta sem tratamento gera múltiplas complicações por tanto é ressaltada a importância da consulta preconcepcio- nal para avaliar os riscos da gravidez e realizar controle multidisciplinar pela medicina materno-fetal, cardiologia e hemodinâmica