“Desarrollo de clases prácticas en inglés en las materias de derecho internacional público y relaciones internacionales e institucionales y derecho de la unión europea”

Memoria ID-306. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2013-2014.[ES] Los objetivos del proyecto “Desarrollo de clases prácticas en inglés en las materias de Derecho Internacional Público y Relaciones Internacionales e Instituciones y Derecho de la Unión Europea” se han conseguido de forma plenamente satisfactoria; El proyecto tenía un objetivo ambicioso, vinculado con la aplicación de una segunda lengua en las clases prácticas y puede considerarse que la experiencia ha abierto un camino que pretende continuarse y perfeccionarse, puesto que se encuentra situada dentro de las líneas estratégicas de la Universidad de Salamanca. El presente proyecto de innovación docente ha seguido, además, experiencias similares desarrolladas en otras Universidades, sobre las que apoyó su diseño1; y ha desarrollado y continuado otros anteriores relativos, en particular, a “la innovación de la metodología de enseñanza en las asignaturas impartidas por el Área de Derecho Internacional Público y Relaciones Internacionales, con especial atención al uso de la plataforma virtual de enseñanza y a la elaboración de guías docentes”). El equipo docente ha estado formado por dos profesores encargados de la docencia en el área de Derecho Internacional Público y Relaciones Internacionales. Ambos profesores han estado implicados, junto con otros miembros de la facultad de Derecho, en la elaboración de un programa relativo a un “Joint Master in strategic border management”, liderado por la agencia europea Frontex, que se impartirá en parte en la Universidad de Salamanca y para el cual este proyecto de innovación ha servido también como ensayo. La formación en el idioma inglés está garantiza, por una parte, por cuanto la Profª Soledad Rodríguez es licenciada en Traducción y Documentación y el Prof. Javier Laso ha estado durante este curso perfeccionando el idioma en un nivel C1. Las prácticas se eligieron en función del interés de los temas (Siria, fronteras de la UE, ius cogens, aspectos institucionales..) y al mismo tiempo se llevó a cabo un juego de simulación, en el que cada alumno representaba a un Estado miembro de Naciones Unidas, dentro de una Sesión del Consejo de Seguridad. Además de la experiencia en la impartición de clases prácticas en inglés ambos miembros del equipo vienen coordinándose en variados aspectos académicos básicos, como la planificación del curso, el desarrollo de las actividades docentes, la evaluación de los estudiantes, con vistas a las posibles mejoras en el ámbito de la innovación docent

El Valhuero (Toro, Zamora): una inhumación tardoantigua en un yacimiento de la Edad del Bronce

El hallazgo en un yacimiento de la Edad del Bronce de una sepultura aparentemente asignable por su decúbito y orientación W-E a un periodo histórico motivó su  datación radiocarbónica, confirmándose su presunto carácter post-prehistórico. Se estudia el enterramiento y se plantea su encuadre en el contexto de la Antigüedad Tardía de la zona

Acoustic noise-based detection of ferroresonance events in isolated neutral power systems with inductive voltage transformers

Power-quality events and operation transients in power systems (PS) with isolated neutral can saturate inductive voltage transformers (IVT), which, when interacting with the overhead and underground cable capacitances, can cause ferroresonance events in the local PS. This abnormal operating mode can partially or totally damage the transformers and switchgears within the affected PS. Distribution system operators (DSO) can minimize these effects by detecting ferroresonance events accurately and fast enough and changing the mode of operation accordingly. Direct detection methods, i.e., based on voltage measurements, are reliable, but the massive deployment of this solution is relatively expensive; i.e., power quality analyzers cost thousands of USD. Alternatively, indirect detection methods are also available, e.g., IVT vibration measurements with accelerometers costing hundreds of USD, but their reliability depends on the installation method used. This manuscript proposes using the acoustic noise caused by magnetostriction forces within the IVT core during ferroresonance events to detect their occurrence. Compared to other indirect methods, electret condenser microphones with preamplifying stage cost less than USD 10 and are less sensitive to the installation procedure. The proposed method is validated experimentally, and its performance compared to IVT vibration measurements one by using the same detection methodology.This work was partially financed by the EU Regional Development Fund (FEDER) and the Spanish Government under RETOS-COLABORACION RTC-2017-6782-3, the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under project PID2021-128941OB-I00, and by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 864579 (FLEXIGRID)

Compartment Syndrome Related to Patient Positioning in the Surgical Treatment of Urolithiasis

The incidence of urolithiasis is progressively increasing worldwide, as is the surgical treatment of urinary stones. The most frequent surgery for urolithiasis is ureterorenoscopy, which is performed in the lithotomy position. This position is also used in the endoscopic approach to bladder stones. Lateral decubitus is rarely used in the treatment of urinary stones. In the case of complex kidney stones, the gold standard treatment is percutaneous nephrolithotomy. This surgery has traditionally been performed in the prone position. However, the use of the supine (Valdivia) position is increasing in recent times. Furthermore, the Galdakao-modified supine Valdivia position has been widely used for percutaneous nephrolithotomy since it was described by Ibarluzea et al. in 2007. Treatment of kidney and ureteral stones simultaneously is allowed in both supine positions. In addition, they allow the removal of encrusted stents and the easy placement of double J stents and, in the case of the Galdakao-modified supine Valdivia position, percutaneous nephrostomies. Compartment syndrome is a rare complication in the lithotomy position, but scarcely described in the supine position. This especially applies to the Galdakao-modified supine Valdivia position, in which the lower limbs are in moderate flexion, with the ipsilateral lower limb in a slightly lower position relative to the other. This complication can lead to skin necrosis, myoglobinuric renal failure, amputation, permanent neuromuscular dysfunction, and even death. Risk factors include Body Mass Index, male gender, obesity, increased muscle mass, peripheral vascular disease (advanced age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus), height, lack of operative experience, significant bleeding during surgery, hypothermia, acidemia, combination general-spinal anesthesia, prolonged surgical time, systemic hypotension, ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) class or vasoconstrictor drugs. Therefore, compartment syndrome of the leg is a potentially devastating complication that must be suspected and treated through early decompression of the compartment by four compartment fasciotomy. Preventive measures reduce the incidence of this condition

Early Pliocene climatic optimum, cooling and early glaciation deduced by terrestrial and marine environmental changes in SW Spain

The Pliocene is a key period in Earth's climate evolution, as it records the transition from warm and stable conditions to the colder and more variable glaciated climate of the Pleistocene. Simultaneously, climate became more seasonal in the Mediterranean area, and Mediterranean-type seasonal precipitation rhythm with summer drought established. These climatic changes presumably had significant impacts on terrestrial environments. However, the response of terrestrial environments to such climate changes is still not fully understood due to the lack of detailed studies dealing with this period of time. In this study, multiproxy analyses of continuous core sampling from La Matilla (SW Spain) shows detailed and continuous record of pollen, sand content and abundance of benthic foraminifer Bolivina spathulata to describe paleoenvironmental and paleoclimate trends during the early Pliocene. This record shows warmest, most humid climate conditions and highest riverine nutrient supply at ~ 4.35 Ma, coinciding with the Pliocene climatic optimum and high global sea level. A climate cooling and aridity trend occurred subsequently and a significant glaciation occurred at ~ 4.1–4.0 Ma, during a period known by very little terrestrial evidence of glaciation. Our multiproxy data thus indicate that terrestrial and marine environments were significantly variable during the early Pliocene and that major glaciation-like cooling occurred before the intensification of northern hemisphere glaciation at the beginning of the Pleistocene (~2.7 Ma). This major climate cooling and aridity maxima between 4.1 and 4.0 Ma is independently validated by a coeval sea-level drop (third order Za2 sequence boundary). This sea level drawdown is supported by enhanced coarse sedimentation and minima in riverine nutrient supply, showing paired vegetation and sea-level changes and thus a strong land-ocean relationship. This study also shows that long-term climatic trends were interrupted by orbital-scale cyclic climatic variability, with eccentricity, obliquity and precession acting as the main triggers controlling climate and environmental change in the area.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Modelado tridimensional de la combustión de gases con turbulencia Large Eddy Simulation

[ESP] La mecánica de fluidos computacional permite la resolución numérica de problemas cada vez más complejos. En el presente trabajo se presenta un ejemplo de aplicación de esta técnica mediante el modelado de una cámara de combustión de gases en el que se incluye turbulencia “Large Eddy Simulation” y modelo de radiación “Finite Volume Discrete Ordinates Model” (fvDOM) mediante la herramienta de código abierto OpenFOAM. [ENG] Computational Fluid Dynamics achieves numerical resolutions of more and more complex problems. In this work it is presented an application of this branch, which consists of modelling a gas combustion chamber including “Large Eddy Simulation” and “Finite Volume Discrete Ordinates Model” (fvDOM) as turbulence and radiation models. For this purpose, the open-source CFD toolbox OpenFOAM has been used.Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación (ETSIT), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica (ETSIA), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial (ETSII), Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura y Edificación (ETSAE), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos y de Ingeniería de Minas (ETSICCPIM), Facultad de Ciencias de la Empresa (FCCE), Parque Tecnológico de Fuente Álamo (PTFA), Vicerrectorado de Estudiantes y Extensión de la UPCT, Vicerrectorado de Investigación e Innovación de la UPCT, y Vicerrectorado de Internacionalización y Cooperación al Desarrollo de la UPCT