Correlation of the English fairy tale’s plot structure and its prosodic organisation

In the paper on the basis of a systemic analysis of the English fairy tales’ semantic, functional and structural characteristics the author updates its definition of a small form folk text, outlines typical genre characteristics and substantiates a hierarchical subordination of its functional features. The paper also advances the algorithmic model, representing the steps of unfolding the English fairy tales’ plot elements, which serves as a theoretical and methodological ground for the experimental phonetic study of prosodic means that organise the text of a fairy tale. Within the process of model formation, the author performs a matrix analysis of the fairy tale’s content and compositional structure, presented as a systemic algorithmic scheme. The evaluation of emotional and pragmatic potentials of the spoken fairy tale made it possible to describe the peculiarities of prosodic features functioning within its structural elements (exposition → development of the events → climax → denouement) and at their junctures as well as substantiate its invariant and variant intonation patterns. The carried out auditory analysis proves that there is a direct correlation between the fairy tale’s plot structure and its prosodic means, whose specific interaction triggers creative and cognitive processes in the recipient’s mind aimed at conveying the text pragmatic aim

Prosodic means’ interaction in realising the anecdote humorous effect

In the paper, on the basis of auditory analysis of English spoken anecdotes the authors come up with the system of prosodic means that serve to create the text humorous effect. To define the specificity of a complex interaction of emotional, pragmatic, structural and semantic factors of prosodic means’ functioning in English anecdotes, we substantiated two algorithmic models presenting the text story-line development: one being similar to the structure of the fairy tale (introduction → commentary → code), and the other one resembling the riddle (topic → commentary → code). By way of using these models as well as the traditional method of linguistic interpretation of the auditory analysis results, the authors substantiate the specificity of prosodic, lexico-grammatical and stylistic means interaction of an English anecdote oral actualisation functioning within its structural components. It has been found out that realisation of the anecdote humorous effect is ensured by the predominance of the unidirectional functioning of the language means of all levels with the leading role of prosodic means aimed at drawing the listeners’ attention to the anecdote’s two-plane semantics and its key lexical units, thus stimulating their thinking activities while decoding the humour of the anecdote. The authors come to the conclusion that the application of a functional-and-energetic approach to the study of a complex interaction of emotional, pragmatic, semantic and structural factors makes it possible to present a comprehensive description of invariant and variant prosodic patterns of any type of texts

Prosodic organization of English folk riddles and the mechanism of their decoding

The paper advances a cognitive model representing a creative mechanism of riddle decoding by its recipient, which serves as a theoretical and methodological ground for the experimental phonetic study of prosodic means that organize the text of a riddle. Within the process of cognitive model formation the author performs a conceptual analysis of the riddle compositional structure, presented as a systemic algorithmic scheme. It is confirmed that a characteristic feature of a folk riddle is its division into two elements: the first one is the description of an object, further differentiated into “topic” and “commentary”, while the second one is the riddle answer, or solution, generated directly in the recipient’s mind as a result of his/her mental activities. The carried out auditory analysis proves that such a limitation of the riddle’s structure is compensated by a set of prosodic means and their specific interaction, which trigger creative and cognitive processes in the recipient’s mind aimed at searching for the riddle solution

Prosodic Expression of Emotional-and-Pragmatic Potential of a Spoken English Proverb

The paper is a study of the prosodic features involved in the oral actualisation of English proverbs as influenced by structural, emotional and pragmatic factors, which are defined within the framework of a new energetic approach to the research of phonetic phenomena. On the basis of auditory and acoustic analyses of English proverbs, the authors describe the energetic specificity of their prosodic organisation. This description introduces energy-grams formed with the use of a quantitative K-criterion of the texts’ emotional and pragmatic potentials, as well as their typical intonation patterns. Using the traditional method of linguistic interpretation of the results obtained, the authors substantiate invariant and variant intonation patterns of English proverbs, whose parameters are described both within the text’s structural elements and at their junctures. The authors come to the conclusion that an energetic approach to the study of a complex interaction of emotional, pragmatic, semantic and structural factors makes it possible to present a comprehensive description of invariant and variant prosodic patterns for any type of texts on the basis of such fundamental linguistic categories as emotion, pragmatics, structure, and meanin

ФЕНОМЕН ПАНДЕМІЧНОЇ ЛЕКСИКИ: ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТВОРЕННЯ КОРОНАЛОГІЗМІВ ТА ЇХ ПЕРЕКЛАДУ НА УКРАЇНСЬКУ МОВУ

The paper deals with the coronavirus neologisms in the English and Ukrainian languages which are now becoming widespread. English as a global language reflects the profound effect the outbreak of COVID-19 has had on the lives of people worldwide. Any living language, being a dynamic entity, adapts to changes occurring in the life and culture of its speakers. The coronavirus pandemic has caused the linguistic change and adoption of new phrases as a part of the emergency response to the disaster, such as coronacoma, morona, zoomping, covidient, Blursday etc., across the globe. According to the results of studying the development of the English language and emergence of new words due to the coronavirus pandemic as well as defining the ways of coronalogisms formation, it was found out that the most common language mechanisms of their creation are telescopy, abbreviation, and compounding, while the most frequent word-forming stems of these neologisms are the following: -covid-, -coron- and -quaran-. Due to the wide-spread use of English coronalogisms, the Ukrainian language has also been profoundly enriched by a number of their calque (coronapocalypse) or transliterated (covidiot) variants. Considering this, the article discusses and identifies the most effective ways of translating coronalogisms from English into Ukrainian. It was found out that the content of some coronaneologisms cannot be adequately conveyed in Ukrainian by transcription / transliteration or calquing only, so in most cases descriptive translation should be used. The paper also outlines the prospects for further study of lexical transformations caused by the pandemic in both English and Ukrainian.Статтю присвячено розгляду актуальних змін у лексичному складі англійської і, як наслідок, української мов, які відбуваються під впливом пандемії коронавірусної інфекції COVID-19. За результатами вивчення питання еволюції англійської мови та шляхів появи короналогізмів, з’ясовано, що найбільш поширеними механізмами їх творення є телескопія, абревіація й основоскладання, а найчастотнішими словотворчими основами цих неологізмів слугують: -covid-, -coron- та -quaran-. Зважаючи на високу частоту вживання англомовних короналогізмів, українська мова поповнилася їх калькованими варіантами. Шляхом аналізу найбільш ефективних способів перекладу короналогізмів з англійської мови на українську, встановлено, що смисломістке насичення більшості таких одиниць неможливо адекватно передати лише шляхом транскрибування/транслітерації або калькування, тому у більшості випадків застосовується ще й описовий переклад. Показано також перспективи подальшого вивчення лексичних трансформацій, викликаних пандемією, і в англійській, і в українській мовах

Students' readiness for the formation of primary schoolchildren’s argumentative skill while identifying the real motive of the action

The article deals with the problem of the future teachers training for the formation of argumentation junior pupils’ skills identifying the true motive of an act as an intellectual activity. The specifics of the future teachers’ training in higher education institutions are analyzed; the peculiarities of the process of development of argumentation skills are determined. The prospects for preparing for the formation of junior school students’ argumentation skills in higher educational institutions are outlined. The problem of developing the professional competence of future teachers in the training of junior schoolchildren is substantiated. Their reasoning is grounded because of the argumentation of their behavior and the motive for its implementation. The emphasis is placed on the fact that the readiness of students-future teachers to develop skills of junior pupils’ argumentation is impossible without argumentative competence which is a set of intellectual and communicative skills, and is formed in the process of communication, performing functions of explanation of the statement of assertion or conviction of the interlocutor, and is carried out on the principle’s objectivity, rationality, and dialogue. It has been experimentally proved that argumentative competence as the basis of readiness to develop younger students’ skills of argumentation in identifying the true motive of an act enables the mastery of the relevant techniques and positively affects the professional and personal qualities of the future teacher

Psycho-Energetic Mechanism of the Fairy Tale’s Subliminal Influence on a Child

In the paper the author suggests a synergistic model of a psycho-energetic mechanism representing a subliminal influence of a fairy tale on a child. The model advances two typical self-developing attractor structures of questions generated by a fairy tale in a child’s consciousness in the process of his/her socialization

V Круглий стіл з міжнародною участю «Сучасні тенденції фонетичних досліджень»

The paper outlines the objectives of experimental evaluation of energetic characteristics of the myth’s prosodic organisation viewed as a result of a complex interplay of the text emotional, pragmatic, semantic and structural features. The study is based on the assumption that it is the text prosodic organization that triggers the listeners’ emotions and feelings thus conveying its pragmatic orientation.

"Сучасні тенденції фонетичних досліджень", IV Круглий стіл з міжнародною участю

The paper outlines the methodological potential of a number of graphical models advanced by Kyiv school of phonetics as well as of a well-know Klymenyuk’s pyramid model that provide the most comprehensive interpretation of basic cognitive processes occurring in the person’s psyche and thus can be applied in the interdisciplinary cognitive linguistic research