El hispanismo y la historiografía de América Latina colonial: tendencias norteamericanas

El hispanismo o la fascinación por todo lo “español” tienen una larga tradición en los Estados Unidos. El fenómeno ha tenido tanto manifestaciones populares como académicas, y por lo tanto debe tratarse de una manera amplia cuando se tiene en cuenta la historiografía de la América Latina colonial producida por académicos anglófonos, tanto dentro como fuera de los EE. UU. Los apologistas, críticos y todos los demás han tenido que lidiar con el legado hispano en las Américas, tanto en lo cultural como en lo religioso, económico, ambiental y de otro tipo. Este ensayo rastrea las principales preocupaciones o preguntas “hispanas” que generaron subcampos académicos y escuelas durante el último cuarto de siglo más o menos entre los anglófonos que investigan sobre América Latina colonial. La pregunta sigue siendo: ¿En qué medida el hispanismo o la preocupación por los múltiples legados coloniales de España han impulsado estas tendencias historiográficas? ¿Se ha desvanecido el hispanismo o simplemente ha tomado nuevas formas

From Corrupt to Criminal: Reflections on the Great Potosí Mint Fraud of 1649

El artículo indaga sobre el gran fraude a la Casa de la Moneda de Potosí, desarticulado en 1649 por un decidido visitador, y lo que este episodio puede ilustrar sobre la dominación colonial en la era de los Habsburgo. Asimismo nos invita a la reflexión sobre el significado de la corrupción en la era pre-industrial, período en el que el rango y el privilegio restringían la búsqueda de la justicia. Devaluar la moneda del reino constituía un crimen de lesa majestad. Sin embargo, aparentemente para la década de 1640, ello conformaba un hecho rutinario en la Casa de la Moneda potosina. El corregidor y varios oidores de la cercana Audiencia de Charcas se vieron implicados en los hechos. Entonces, ¿cuáles fueron las circunstancias que derivaron en esa empresa masiva de defraudación y complicidad al más alto nivel y cómo se la suprimió?This article focuses on the great mint fraud at Potosí, disarticulated in 1649 by a determined royal investigator, and what this episode may demonstrate about colonial domination in the Habsburg era. The essay also invites reflection on the meaning of corruption in the pre-industrial age, a time when the defense of rank and privilege impeded the search for justice. Debasing the coin of the realm was a crime of lese majesty, yet by the 1640s it had become a routine practice in the Potosí mint. The corregidor and several judges of the nearby Audiencia of Charcas were implicated in the deed. What circumstances led to this massive debasement scheme and how was it finally suppressed

Marta Herrera Ángel. El conquistador conquistado. Awás, Cuayquer y Sindaguas en el Pacífico colombiano, siglos XVI-XVIII.

This deeply researched, intensely thoughtful, and finely illustrated book fills a major void. Whereas the colonial Chocó has received much scholarly attention over the years, little is known of the southwestern corner of Colombia the Spanish called the Province of Las Barbacoas. Even this name is a bit confusing, since for its polyglot indigenous inhabitants, portions of Esmeraldas (Ecuador), some parts of the Patía River drainage, sections of western Pasto, and several major rivers just south of Buenaventura all formed part of a tightly knit but wildly diverse zone of indigenous activity. Home of the famously reclusive Awá-Cuayquer and the ferocious (and presumed extinct) Sindaguas, the colonial Provincia de Las Barbacoas has remained mysterious, both historically and geographicall

Corsarios, piratas y la defensa de Cartagena de Indias en el siglo XVI

En las páginas siguientes, primero se revisará brevemente la historiografía de la piratería en la etapa clave de la consolidación del imperio español en América, para ubicar mejor y entender en sus propios términos los hechos que tocan de manera directa con el caso de Cartagena. Después, se hará un a breve relación de los conocidos ataques a la ciudad en el siglo XVI en orden cronológico. Al final, se ofrecerán unas reflexiones a manera de análisis

Linear Sprint Testing Methods in Gaelic Games: A Systematic Review

Background: The most common method used to monitor acceleration and maximum sprinting speed performance is via a linear sprint test. When conducting linear sprint monitoring it is important to ensure the relevant methodologies are all considered and standardised to ensure valid and reliable results. Objectives: The aims of this review are 1) to systematically search the Gaelic games literature and identify studies that have assessed linear sprint performance, 2) to report the methodological variables employed in each study, and 3) to report normative values for linear sprint performance. Methods: This systematic review searched for literature in five databases. Key details (i.e., playing standard, timing technology, split times over various distances), were extracted. A methodological reporting rating tool was created to grade each study. Results: Twenty-two studies; one in camogie, twelve in hurling and ten in men’s Gaelic football were included. No study monitoring ladies Gaelic football was identified. Sprint times over 10 m ranged from 1.71 ± 0.08 to 2.11 ± 0.77 s between hurlers and men’s Gaelic footballers. The mean rating for methodological reporting was 42%. All included studies failed to report some key methodological variables. Conclusions: This review highlights the importance of utilising and reporting the methods used to conduct accurate sprint performance monitoring across time and allow comparison between studies. The methodological rating tool can be used by practitioners as a ‘checklist’ to ensure sprint monitoring is conducted in a valid and reliable manner. Future research should seek to examine linear sprint performance in ladies Gaelic football

Peak Speed in Gaelic Games: A Systematic Review of GPS Methods

Background: Peak speed is an essential physical quality in Gaelic games due to the offensive, defensive, and transitional nature of the sports. Objectives: The aims of the study were to systematically search the literature for studies examining peak speed during Gaelic games match-play using Global Positioning System (GPS) technology, to assess the GPS methodologies implemented and report normative values for peak speed by sport. Methods: Keywords were combined to search and identify studies reporting peak speed values recorded using GPS technology during Gaelic games match-play. Key details such as GPS brand/model, number of satellites connected, and firmware version were extracted. A risk of bias tool was designed to rate the level of detection bias within each study. Results: Twenty-one (N=21) studies met the inclusion criteria. Eight studies examined peak speed in hurling and men’s Gaelic football, respectively, while four camogie and one ladies Gaelic football study were identified. Twenty-nine percent (29%) of included studies were graded as having a high risk of bias in at least one category. Peak speeds between 7.81 to 9.97 m·s-1 were reported in hurling and men’s Gaelic football and between 5.88 to 7.45 m·s-1 in camogie and ladies’ Gaelic football. Conclusions: The dearth of literature examining peak speed in both female sports requires additional investigation, particularly in relation to the sprint profile of ladies Gaelic football. It is recommended that practitioners are cognisant of the methodological considerations which can be used as a ‘checklist’ to ensure accurate and reliable data are collected when using GPS technology to monitor peak speed

Aquilegia, Vol. 22 No. 6, November-December 1998: Newsletter of the Colorado Native Plant Society

https://epublications.regis.edu/aquilegia/1087/thumbnail.jp