Using incomplete floristic monitoring data from habitat mapping programmes to detect species trends

Aim: The loss of biodiversity has raised serious concerns about the entailing losses of ecosystem services. Here, we explore the potential of repeated habitat mapping data to identify floristic changes over time. Using one German federal state as a case study, we assessed floristic changes between the 1980s and 2010s. These habitat data have great potential for analysis because of their high spatial coverage while also posing methodological challenges such as incomplete observation data. We developed a modelling approach that accounts for incomplete observations and explored the ability to detect temporal trends. Location: The Federal State of Schleswig‐Holstein (Germany) Methods: We compiled plant species lists from the earliest (1980s) and most recent (2010s) habitat mapping survey and aligned differing habitat definitions across mapping campaigns. A total of 5,503 mapped polygons, each with a list of species records, intersected the two surveys. We accounted for underrecorded species by assigning occurrence probabilities, based on species co‐occurrence information across all surveys, using Beals' index and tested the robustness of this approach by simulation experiments. For those species with significant increases and decreases in occurrence probability, we linked these trends to the species' functional characteristics. Results: We found a systematic loss of species that are moderately threatened. Species that indicate low nitrogen supply and high soil moisture declined, suggesting a shift towards a more eutrophic and drier landscape. Importantly, assessing specific plant traits associated with losses, we also detected a decrease in species with reddish and blueish flowers and species providing nectar, pointing to a decrease of insect‐pollinated taxa. Main conclusions: The identified changes raise concerns that plant biodiversity has fundamentally changed over the last three decades, with concomitant consequences for ecosystem services, especially pollination. Given the general lack of historical standardized data, our approach for trend analyses using incomplete observation data may be widely applicable to assess long‐term biodiversity change

Redescription of Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu and comparison with relevant Prorocentrum species

分析了东海原甲藻 (ProrocentrumdonghaienseLu)显微结构 ,并与具齿原甲藻 (Prorocentrumden tatumStein)模式种和Schiller的钝头原甲藻的描述等进行了比较 ,结果表明 ,它们之间的形态结构和个体大小具有很大的差别 ,这些差异远超出了同种个体因环境不同所造成的形态变化范围 .从细胞形态及其表面结构可以判断 ,日本、韩国海区所记录并报道的“P .dentatum”与我国东海的东海原甲藻应属同一种 .因此可以认为 ,我国东海赤潮高发区以及在韩国、日本海区的出现的高生物量 (highbiomassbloom formingspecies)赤潮原甲藻不是Stein所发表的具齿原甲藻 ,而是东海原甲藻 ,并对其进行了进一步修订 ,其种名应为东海原甲藻ProrocentrumdonghaienseLu . 【英文摘要】 In this paper,the detailed morphology of Prorocentrum donghaiense was studied.Taxonomic comparison was made between P.donghaiense and other relevant Prorocentrum species. The results suggested that distinct differences existed among them with respect to their conservative characteristics of morphology and cell sizes. This kind of discrepancy was far beyond that of individual variations within same species due to environmental factors. Therefore, the high biomass bloom-forming species in the East China Sea w...国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 ( 2 0 0 1CB40 970 0 );; 中德合作资助项目 (CHN0 0 10 2 2 )