Inertia in the North American Electricity Industry: Can the Kyoto Protocol Objectives Be Realistically Met?

If they are to be attained, the objectives set in the Kyoto Protocol will impose fundamental changes on the structure of North America's economy. This text highlights the extent of the Kyoto challenge by clearly describing the historical inertia in terms of total market shares for different production technologies of the North American electricity industry. It also compares two potential scenarios of the industry changes needed to attain the Kyoto objectives. The results obtained suggest that it will be virtually impossible to reach the Kyoto objectives within the electricity industry.Kyoto Protocol, Electricity Industry, Technological Change

Inertia in the North American Electricity Industry: Can the Kyoto Protocol Objectives be Realistically Met?

If they are to be attained, the objectives set in the Kyoto Protocol will impose fundamental changes on the structure of North America's economy. This text highlights the extent of the Kyoto challenge by clearly describing the historical inertia in terms of total market shares for different production technologies of the North American electricity industry. It also compares two potential scenarios of the industry changes needed to attain the Kyoto objectives. The results obtained suggest that it will be virtually impossible to reach the Kyoto objectives within the electricity industry.Kyoto Protocol, Electricity Industry, Technological Change

L'inertie du changement dans l'industrie électrique en Amérique du Nord. Le respect du protocole de Kyoto est-il réaliste?

Les objectifs fixés par l'accord de Kyoto, s'ils seront respectés, imposent des changements fondamentaux dans la structure de l'économie nord-américaine. Ce texte met en évidence l'ampleur du défi de Kyoto en décrivant clairement l'inertie historique dans l'industrie électrique nord-américaine et en comparant deux scénarios potentiels d'évolution de l'industrie pour atteindre les objectifs de Kyoto. Nos résultats suggèrent que l'atteinte des objectifs de Kyoto dans le secteur électrique sera quasi impossible.Kyoto, Electric Utilities, Generation

A 3D mathematical model of a horizontal anode baking furnace as a design tool

The production of primary aluminum is carried out via the Hall-Héroult process in electrolysis cells using carbon anodes. Their consumption during electrolysis requires the production of a large number of anodes. The final step in the production of anodes is the baking that takes place in large ring furnaces. It is difficult to determine directly the impact of design changes in these furnaces on their performance and anode quality. Modelling allows the evaluation of such modifications in a cost-effective manner. The reliability of mathematical models in the design and optimization of these furnaces has been demonstrated on several occasions. A 3D design model was developed including all the important phenomena occurring in the furnace and was validated using plant data. In this paper, the model is described and the results are presented, which show how the model predictions help improve the baking of carbon anodes and their qualities

GA4GH: International policies and standards for data sharing across genomic research and healthcare.

The Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH) aims to accelerate biomedical advances by enabling the responsible sharing of clinical and genomic data through both harmonized data aggregation and federated approaches. The decreasing cost of genomic sequencing (along with other genome-wide molecular assays) and increasing evidence of its clinical utility will soon drive the generation of sequence data from tens of millions of humans, with increasing levels of diversity. In this perspective, we present the GA4GH strategies for addressing the major challenges of this data revolution. We describe the GA4GH organization, which is fueled by the development efforts of eight Work Streams and informed by the needs of 24 Driver Projects and other key stakeholders. We present the GA4GH suite of secure, interoperable technical standards and policy frameworks and review the current status of standards, their relevance to key domains of research and clinical care, and future plans of GA4GH. Broad international participation in building, adopting, and deploying GA4GH standards and frameworks will catalyze an unprecedented effort in data sharing that will be critical to advancing genomic medicine and ensuring that all populations can access its benefits

Syntax-Directed Error Recovery for Compilers

172 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1971.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD