389 research outputs found
On rapid migration and accretion within disks around supermassive black holes
Galactic nuclei should contain a cluster of stars and compact objects in the
vicinity of the central supermassive black hole due to stellar evolution, minor
mergers and gravitational dynamical friction. By analogy with protoplanetary
migration, nuclear cluster objects (NCOs) can migrate in the accretion disks
that power active galactic nuclei by exchanging angular momentum with disk gas.
Here we show that an individual NCO undergoing runaway outward migration
comparable to Type III protoplanetary migration can generate an accretion rate
corresponding to Seyfert AGN or quasar luminosities. Multiple migrating NCOs in
an AGN disk can dominate traditional viscous disk accretion and at large disk
radii, ensemble NCO migration and accretion could provide sufficient heating to
prevent the gravitational instability from consuming disk gas in star
formation. The magnitude and energy of the X-ray soft excess observed at
~0.1-1keV in Seyfert AGN could be explained by a small population of
~10^{2}-10^{3} accreting stellar mass black holes or a few ULXs. NCO migration
and accretion in AGN disks are therefore extremely important mechanisms to add
to realistic models of AGN disks.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, MNRAS Letters (accepted
Nonextensive Entropies derived from Form Invariance of Pseudoadditivity
The form invariance of pseudoadditivity is shown to determine the structure
of nonextensive entropies. Nonextensive entropy is defined as the appropriate
expectation value of nonextensive information content, similar to the
definition of Shannon entropy. Information content in a nonextensive system is
obtained uniquely from generalized axioms by replacing the usual additivity
with pseudoadditivity. The satisfaction of the form invariance of the
pseudoadditivity of nonextensive entropy and its information content is found
to require the normalization of nonextensive entropies. The proposed principle
requires the same normalization as that derived in [A.K. Rajagopal and S. Abe,
Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 83}, 1711 (1999)], but is simpler and establishes a basis
for the systematic definition of various entropies in nonextensive systems.Comment: 16 pages, accepted for publication in Physical Review
Thin Domain Walls in Lyra Geometry
This paper studies thin domain walls within the frame work of Lyra Geometry.
We have considered two models. First one is the thin domain wall with
negligible pressures perpendicular and transverse direction to the wall and
secondly, we take a particular type of thin domain wall where the pressure in
the perpendicular direction is negligible but transverse pressures are existed.
It is shown that the thin domain walls have no particle horizon and the
gravitational force due to them is attractive.Comment: 8 pages, typos are corrected, published Astrophysics and Space
Sciences 305, 337 (2006
Generalized Zipf's Law in proportional voting processes
Voting data from city-councillors, state and federal deputies elections are
analyzed and considered as a response function of a social system with
underlying dynamics leading to complex behavior. The voting results from the
last two general Brazilian elections held in 1998 and 2000 are then used as
representative data sets. We show that the voting distributions follow a
generalized Zipf's Law which has been recently proposed within a nonextensive
statistics framework. Moreover, the voting distribution for city-councillors is
clearly distinct from those of state and federal deputies in the sense that the
latter depicts a higher degree of nonextensivity. We relate this finding with
the different degrees of complexity corresponding to local and non-local voting
processes.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
A Dynamic Approach to the Thermodynamics of Superdiffusion
We address the problem of relating thermodynamics to mechanics in the case of
microscopic dynamics without a finite time scale. The solution is obtained by
expressing the Tsallis entropic index q as a function of the Levy index alpha,
and using dynamical rather than probabilistic arguments.Comment: 4 pages, new revised version resubmitted to Phys. Rev. Let
Magnon delocalization in ferromagnetic chains with long-range correlated disorder
We study one-magnon excitations in a random ferromagnetic Heisenberg chain
with long-range correlations in the coupling constant distribution. By
employing an exact diagonalization procedure, we compute the localization
length of all one-magnon states within the band of allowed energies . The
random distribution of coupling constants was assumed to have a power spectrum
decaying as . We found that for ,
one-magnon excitations remain exponentially localized with the localization
length diverging as 1/E. For a faster divergence of is
obtained. For any , a phase of delocalized magnons emerges at the
bottom of the band. We characterize the scaling behavior of the localization
length on all regimes and relate it with the scaling properties of the
long-range correlated exchange coupling distribution.Comment: 7 Pages, 5 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.
ICTD Work, Plus mFeel : improving communication in resource-poor settings
This issue's Works-In-Progress department has four entries related to the issue's theme, Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICTD). They are âSustainable ICT in Agricultural Value Chainsâ, âMeasuring Social Inclusion in Primary Schoolsâ, âAn Architecture for Green Mobile Computationâ, and âImproving Communication in Resource-Poor Settingsâ. A fifth entry, âmFeel: An Affective Mobile Systemâ, covers the mFeel mobile system, which combines context awareness with affective and cognitive techniques
Nonextensivity and multifractality in low-dimensional dissipative systems
Power-law sensitivity to initial conditions at the edge of chaos provides a
natural relation between the scaling properties of the dynamics attractor and
its degree of nonextensivity as prescribed in the generalized statistics
recently introduced by one of us (C.T.) and characterized by the entropic index
. We show that general scaling arguments imply that , where and are the
extremes of the multifractal singularity spectrum of the attractor.
This relation is numerically checked to hold in standard one-dimensional
dissipative maps. The above result sheds light on a long-standing puzzle
concerning the relation between the entropic index and the underlying
microscopic dynamics.Comment: 12 pages, TeX, 4 ps figure
The discontinuous nature of chromospheric activity evolution
Chromospheric activity has been thought to decay smoothly with time and,
hence, to be a viable age indicator. Measurements in solar type stars in open
clusters seem to point to a different conclusion: chromospheric activity
undergoes a fast transition from Hyades level to that of the Sun after about 1
Gyr of main--sequence lifetime and any decaying trend before or after this
transition must be much less significant than the short term variations.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, to be published in Astrophysics and Space Scienc
Nonextensivity of the cyclic Lattice Lotka Volterra model
We numerically show that the Lattice Lotka-Volterra model, when realized on a
square lattice support, gives rise to a {\it finite} production, per unit time,
of the nonextensive entropy . This finiteness only occurs for for the growth mode
(growing droplet), and for for the one (growing stripe). This
strong evidence of nonextensivity is consistent with the spontaneous emergence
of local domains of identical particles with fractal boundaries and competing
interactions. Such direct evidence is for the first time exhibited for a
many-body system which, at the mean field level, is conservative.Comment: Latex, 6 pages, 5 figure
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